Murray Shukyn GED test-prep teacher Dale E. Shuttleworth, PhD School superintendent, speaker, and writer • Navigate and understand the format of the five subject tests • Gain confidence by taking multiple practice tests • Know what to expect on test day • Manage your time during the test Learn to: The GED ® 2nd Edition Making Everything Easier!™ Open the book and find: • Overviews of the test sections • When and how to schedule the test • Special considerations if English is your second language • Important test-taking strategies • How to make the most of your time on test day • Two practice tests for each subject, complete with answers and explanations Murray Shukyn designs programs and teaching materials for GED preparation. Dale E. Shuttleworth, PhD, has extensive experience in speaking and writing about educational issues and GED training. Both authors are former teachers and are involved in community outreach on education issues. Study Aids/Test Prep/GED $17.99 US / $21.99 CN / £13.99 UK ISBN 978-0-470-57080-7 Go to Dummies.com® for videos, step-by-step photos, how-to articles, or to shop! In today’s job environment, earning a GED can give you an edge over the competition — whether it’s to find a new job or to advance in the one you already have. The GED For Dummies, 2nd Edition, gives you the confidence and hands-on training you need to maximize your success. Plus, you’ll get two practice tests for each of the exam’s five sections to hone your test-taking skills before the big day. • Get the write stuff — perfect your grammar, spelling, and punctuation skills for the Language Arts/Writing Test • Put the “social” in your studies — learn how to decipher charts, tables, graphs, and more to answer multiple-choice questions on the Social Studies Test • Know your specimen — get the lowdown on how to read and answer questions about life, physical, earth, and space sciences on the Science Test • Read between the lines — navigate your way through the types of fiction and nonfiction passages you’ll encounter on the Language Arts/Reading Test • Be calculating — take the fear out of math and learn how to answer multiple- choice and alternate-format grid questions for the Mathematics Test Get the skills, information, and techniques you need to earn your high school equivalency The GED ® 2nd Edition Shukyn Shuttleworth Spine: .97 Spine: .97 Start with FREE Cheat Sheets Cheat Sheets include • Checklists • Charts • Common Instructions • And Other Good Stuff! Get Smart at Dummies.com Dummies.com makes your life easier with 1,000s of answers on everything from removing wallpaper to using the latest version of Windows. Check out our • Videos • Illustrated Articles • Step-by-Step Instructions Plus, each month you can win valuable prizes by entering our Dummies.com sweepstakes. * Want a weekly dose of Dummies? Sign up for Newsletters on • Digital Photography • Microsoft Windows & Office • Personal Finance & Investing • Health & Wellness • Computing, iPods & Cell Phones • eBay • Internet • Food, Home & Garden Find out “HOW” at Dummies.com *Sweepstakes not currently available in all countries; visit Dummies.com for official rules. Get More and Do More at Dummies.com® To access the Cheat Sheet created specifically for this book, go to www.dummies.com/cheatsheet/theged The GED ® FOR DUMmIES ‰ 2ND EDITION 01_570807-ffirs.indd i 01_570807-ffirs.indd i 3/5/10 10:59 PM 3/5/10 10:59 PM 01_570807-ffirs.indd ii 01_570807-ffirs.indd ii 3/5/10 10:59 PM 3/5/10 10:59 PM by Murray Shukyn and Dale E. Shuttleworth, PhD The GED ® FOR DUMmIES ‰ 2ND EDITION 01_570807-ffirs.indd iii 01_570807-ffirs.indd iii 3/5/10 10:59 PM 3/5/10 10:59 PM The GED® For Dummies®, 2nd Edition Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 111 River St. Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2010 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www. wiley.com/go/permissions. Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com, Making Everything Easier, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and other coun- tries, and may not be used without written permission. The GED is a registered trademark of the American Council on Education. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE PUBLISHER AND THE AUTHOR MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS WORK AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. NO WARRANTY MAY BE CREATED OR EXTENDED BY SALES OR PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS. THE ADVICE AND STRATEGIES CONTAINED HEREIN MAY NOT BE SUITABLE FOR EVERY SITUATION. THIS WORK IS SOLD WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT THE PUBLISHER IS NOT ENGAGED IN RENDERING LEGAL, ACCOUNTING, OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE IS REQUIRED, THE SERVICES OF A COMPETENT PROFESSIONAL PERSON SHOULD BE SOUGHT. NEITHER THE PUBLISHER NOR THE AUTHOR SHALL BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES ARISING HEREFROM. THE FACT THAT AN ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE IS REFERRED TO IN THIS WORK AS A CITATION AND/OR A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF FURTHER INFORMATION DOES NOT MEAN THAT THE AUTHOR OR THE PUBLISHER ENDORSES THE INFORMATION THE ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE MAY PROVIDE OR RECOM- MENDATIONS IT MAY MAKE. FURTHER, READERS SHOULD BE AWARE THAT INTERNET WEBSITES LISTED IN THIS WORK MAY HAVE CHANGED OR DISAPPEARED BETWEEN WHEN THIS WORK WAS WRITTEN AND WHEN IT IS READ. For general information on our other products and services, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 877-762-2974, outside the U.S. at 317-572-3993, or fax 317-572-4002. For technical support, please visit www.wiley.com/techsupport. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Library of Congress Control Number: 2010921248 ISBN: 978-0-470-57080-7 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 01_570807-ffirs.indd iv 01_570807-ffirs.indd iv 3/5/10 10:59 PM 3/5/10 10:59 PM About the Authors Murray Shukyn, associate director of The Training Renewal Foundation, is a graduate of the University of Toronto with professional qualifications as a teacher at the elementary and secondary levels, including special education. During an extensive career spanning more than thirty years, he has taught at the elementary, secondary, and university levels. Murray has also taught professional development programs for teachers and training courses for adult learners. He is acknowledged as a Canadian leader in the field of alternative education through his work in the creation of such innovative programs for the Toronto Board of Education as SEED, Learnxs, Subway Academy, SOLE, and ACE. In 1995, he became associ- ate director at The Training Renewal Foundation, which introduced the GED to the province of Ontario. Over the years, he has been a consultant to government, media, and public rela- tions companies, as well as an author of textbooks and numerous articles in magazines and periodicals. He is a coauthor of the third and fourth Canadian editions of How to Prepare for the GED, published by Barron’s Educational Series in the United States. Dale E. Shuttleworth, PhD, is the executive director of The Training Renewal Foundation. Dale’s career as a community educator has included experience as a teacher, school- community worker, consultant, principal, coordinator, superintendent, and university lecturer. In the fields of education and community economic development, he is a founder of the Learnxs Foundation, Inc., Youth Ventures Developments of Metropolitan Toronto, the Learning Enrichment Foundation, the York Business Opportunities Centre, the Centre for Community and Economic Renewal, and The Training Renewal Foundation. He is a coauthor of the third and fourth Canadian editions of How to Prepare for the GED, published by Barron’s Educational Series in the United States, and the author of School Management in Transition, published by Routledge Falmer in 2003, Enterprise Learning in Action, published by Routledge in London and New York, and Schooling for Life, due to be published by the University of Toronto Press in 2010. He has been the recipient of the prestigious Dag Hammarskjold Gold Medal for Excellence in Education. In 1995, Dale created the GED Preparation Centre pilot project, which brought the High School Equivalency Certificate to the Province of Ontario. In 2000, he was named lead author/consultant for a study on “Innovations in School Management,” conducted by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Paris, France, result- ing in the publishing of the book, New School Management Approaches in 2001. 01_570807-ffirs.indd v 01_570807-ffirs.indd v 3/5/10 10:59 PM 3/5/10 10:59 PM 01_570807-ffirs.indd vi 01_570807-ffirs.indd vi 3/5/10 10:59 PM 3/5/10 10:59 PM Authors’ Acknowledgments We wish to express our appreciation to Marilyn Shuttleworth, who assisted us in the prepa- ration of this manuscript; The Training Renewal Foundation for the opportunity to work in the world of the GED; and the late Peter Kilburn, former Canadian GED administrator, for his inspiration, friendship, and encouragement in introducing us to the potential of the GED to be a source of fulfillment and liberation in the lives and careers of so many adult learners who have dropped out of traditional schooling accreditation systems. 01_570807-ffirs.indd vii 01_570807-ffirs.indd vii 3/5/10 10:59 PM 3/5/10 10:59 PM Publisher’s Acknowledgments We’re proud of this book; please send us your comments at http://dummies.custhelp.com. For other com- ments, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 877-762-2974, outside the U.S. at 317-572- 3993, or fax 317-572-4002. Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following: Acquisitions, Editorial, and Media Development Project Editor: Chad R. Sievers (Previous Edition: Tere Drenth) Senior Acquisitions Editor: Lindsay Lefevere (Previous Edition: Kathy Cox) Copy Editor: Amanda M. Langferman Assistant Editor: Erin Calligan Mooney Editorial Program Coordinator: Joe Niesen Technical Editors: Betsy Delgado, Joan Borders Editorial Manager: Michelle Hacker Editorial Assistant: Jennette ElNaggar Art Coordinator: Alicia B. South Cover Photos: istock photography Cartoons: Rich Tennant (www.the5thwave.com) Composition Services Project Coordinator: Sheree Montgomery Layout and Graphics: Carl Byers, Carrie A. Cesavice, Christin Swinford, Ronald G. Terry Special Art: Ricardo Checa Proofreaders: Melissa D. Buddendeck, Lindsay Littrell Indexer: Potomac Indexing, LLC Publishing and Editorial for Consumer Dummies Diane Graves Steele, Vice President and Publisher, Consumer Dummies Kristin Ferguson-Wagstaffe, Product Development Director, Consumer Dummies Ensley Eikenburg, Associate Publisher, Travel Kelly Regan, Editorial Director, Travel Publishing for Technology Dummies Andy Cummings, Vice President and Publisher, Dummies Technology/General User Composition Services Debbie Stailey, Director of Composition Services 01_570807-ffirs.indd viii 01_570807-ffirs.indd viii 3/5/10 10:59 PM 3/5/10 10:59 PM