Brooke Holmes, Klaus-Dietrich Fischer (Eds.) The Frontiers of Ancient Science Beiträge zur Altertumskunde Herausgegeben von Michael Erler, Dorothee Gall, Ludwig Koenen und Clemens Zintzen Band 338 The Frontiers of Ancient Science Essays in Honor of Heinrich von Staden Edited by Brooke Holmes and Klaus-Dietrich Fischer with the assistance of Emilio Capettini ISBN 978-3-11-033392-3 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-033633-7 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-038930-2 ISSN 1616-0452 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.dnb.de abrufbar. © 2015 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/München/Boston Druck und Bindung: Hubert & Co. GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen ∞ Gedruckt auf säurefreiem Papier Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Preface ItwouldindeedmeansendingowlstoAthens,orcoalstoNewcastle,wereoneto explain the importance of Heinrichvon Staden for the studyof ancient science and medicine tohis colleagues in the field,tosay nothingof his impact on the historyofphilosophy,classics,andliterarytheory.Inacareerspanningoverfour decades,HeinrichhastransformedthestudyofancientGraeco-Romanmedicine bypioneeringascholarlyapproachthatisequallyattentivetothespecificitiesof language,culture,history,andindividual authorsandlarge-scalephilosophical and methodologicalquestions.¹Theoreticalsophistication andphilological pre- cision,vasteruditionand conceptual flair—these arethehallmarks oftheinim- itablevon Staden style.Heinrich’s ability tomove effortlesslybetweendifferent scholarly traditions and cultures has enabled him to bring contemporary prob- lems in the history and philosophy of science to bear on classical antiquity while at the same time challenging outmoded paradigms of “premodern” sci- ence and medicine and integrating ancient texts into transhistorical conversa- tions. Born and raised in South Africa, Heinrich also has a remarkable talent formovingbetweenculturesandlanguages.Withapublicationrecordinmulti- plelanguages,heembodiesthetwenty-first-centuryidealsofglobalismandmul- ticulturalism as much as the traditionally polyglot cosmopolitanism of classics as a discipline. Heinrich’s insatiable curiosity about the world is rivaled only by his generosity towards his far-flung friends, young and old. Even in the midst of a whirlwind of international engagements, he will always manage to find time for one-on-one conversation (almost certainly in the mother tongue of his interlocutor). Heinrich’s support of scholars working in premodern science and medicine has nowhere been more evident than in his creation of a robust, international research community in the history of science during his twelve-year tenure as Professor of Classics and History of Science in the School of Historical Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton (1998–2010), a post he took upafterteachingatYaleUniversityforthirtyyears(andasWilliamLampsonPro- fessorofClassicsandComparativeLiteraturefrom1996–1998).ItwasattheIn- stitute that the idea for a volume honoring Heinrich was first generated,when Arsenio Ferraces Rodríguez and Cloudy Fischer were working there during the summer of 2009; Brooke Holmes joined the editorial team the following year. Sadly, Arsenio found himself unable to continue with his collaboration soon  Seethebibliographyonpp.707–12. VI Preface afterthefirstcallforpapershadgoneoutin2011,andtheprojecthadtoproceed without him,on both sides of the Atlantic. Thepresentvolumegatherscontributionsfromtwenty-ninehistoriansofan- cient and early modern medicine, science, religion, and philosophy who were fortunate to be Visitors or Members of the Institute during Heinrich’s time there. Ranging from mechanics and mathematics to medicine and magic, from Bronze Age archaeology to modern receptions of Hippocratic texts, from pea- cocks to badgers,they speak to the richness and breadth of Heinrich’s own ex- pertise. As is fitting for a tribute to a true citizen of the world, the volume in- cludes contributions in four languages (all languages in which Heinrich is fluent)andrepresentsarangeofnationaltraditionsandstyles:asHeinrichhim- self might say, “E pluribus unum” and “Vive la différence!”. The editors hope thatthisvolumewillnotonlybeseenasatributetoHeinrich’sexquisitescholar- shiplongoverdue,hisgeneroussupportofscholarsyoungandold,andhiskind- ness and charm, but that it will also invite those who open it to explore again Heinrich’s own rich corpus of scholarship. TheeditorswouldliketothankDavidKaufmanandespeciallyEmilioCapet- tinifortheirassistancewiththepreparationofthisvolume;specialthanksisdue toEmilio for thepreparation ofthegeneralindex.WearealsogratefultoTerrie Bramley for her help with various aspects of the publication; and to Katharina Legutke,FlorianRuppenstein,andMirkoVondersteinatdeGruyterfortheirsup- portoftheproject.BHisalsogratefultoCarolineBynumforsageguidancedur- ing the editing and publication process. Finally, acknowledgment is due to the DavidMagieResearchFundintheDepartmentofClassicsatPrincetonUniversity for verygenerous support of the volume’s preparation and publication. Table of Contents Preface V Abbreviations XI Isabella Andorlini Egypt and the Medicinal Use of Papyrus According to Soranus and Other Physicians 1 Markus Asper Medical Acculturation?: Early Greek Texts and the Question of Near Eastern Influence 19 Han Baltussen “Hippocratic” Oaths?: A Cross-Cultural Exploration of Medical Ethics in the Ancient World 47 Alan C. Bowen Simpliciusin Thirteenth-Century Paris: A Question 67 Andrea Falcon Aristotle and the Study of Animals and Plants 75 Christopher A. Faraone A Case of Cultural (Mis)translation?: Egyptian Eyes on Two Greek Amulets for Ophthalmia 93 Klaus-Dietrich Fischer Gesund durchs Jahr mit Dr. Hippokrates – Monat für Monat! 111 Allan Gotthelf Teleology and Embryogenesis in Aristotle’s Generation of Animals 2.6 139 Danielle Gourevitch, Philippe Charlier Un ex-voto ophtalmologique inscrit à Rougiers (Var) : pour une étude des maladies des yeux dans le monde gallo-romain 175 VIII TableofContents Brooke Holmes Medicine and Misfortune: Symptōma in Greek Medical Writing 191 Carl A. Huffman Mathematics in Plato’s Republic 211 Katerina Ierodiakonou Hellenistic Philosophers on the Phenomenon of Changing Colors 227 Jacques Jouanna Erotian, Reader of Hippocrates’ Prognostic: A New Discovery 251 Joshua T. Katz Aristotle’s Badger 267 W. R. Laird Heron of Alexandria and the Principles of Mechanics 289 Helen Lang Plato on Divine Art and the Production of Body 307 Roberto Lo Presti “Forsleep, in some way, is an epileptic seizure” (somn. vig. 3, 457a9‒10) 339 Arnaldo Marcone Il Numen Augusti nel senatus consultum de Cn. Pisone patre 397 Stephen Menn How Archytas Doubled the Cube 407 Ian S. Moyer A Revised Astronomical Dating of Thessalus’ De virtutibus herbarum 437 Vivian Nutton What’s in a Nomen?: Vlatadon 14 and an Old Theory Resurrected 451 D. T. Potts An Archaeological Meditation on Trepanation 463 TableofContents IX Christine Proust Des listes pourapprendre, résoudre, classer, archiver, explorer ou inventer 493 Francesca Rochberg Conceiving the History of Science Forward 515 Amneris Roselli Galeno sull’autenticità del Prorretico I 533 Thomas Rütten Hippokrateskommentare im 16. Jahrhundert: Peter Memms Eidkommentar als Paradigma eines gegenwartsbezogenen Genres 561 Mark J. Schiefsky Technē and Method in Ancient Artillery Construction: The Belopoeica of Philo of Byzantium 615 Heinrich Schlange-Schöningen Herrschaftskritik bei Galen 655 Philip van der Eijk Galen on the Assessment of Bodily Mixtures 675 Contributors 699 Heinrich von Staden: Bibliography 1975–2012 707 Index locorum qui e scriptoribus antiquis et medii quod dicunt aevi Graecis atque Latinis citantur 713 General Index 737