The Fabrica of Andreas Vesalius Medieval and Early Modern Philosophy and Science Editors C.H. Lüthy (Radboud University) P.J.J.M. Bakker (Radboud University) Editorial Consultants Joël Biard (University of Tours) Simo Knuuttila (University of Helsinki) Jürgen Renn (Max-Planck-Institute for the History of Science) Theo Verbeek (University of Utrecht) VOLUME 28 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/memps The Fabrica of Andreas Vesalius A Worldwide Descriptive Census, Ownership, and Annotations of the 1543 and 1555 Editions By Dániel Margócsy Mark Somos Stephen N. Joffe LEIDEN | BOSTON Cover illustration: Skeleton man on p. 164. I/67. Koblenz: Bibliothek des Staatlichen Görres-Gymnasiums. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Margócsy, Dániel | Somos, Mark | Joffe, Stephen N. Title: The Fabrica of Andreas Vesalius : a worldwide descriptive census,  ownership, and annotations of the 1543 and 1555 editions / by  Daniel Margocsy, Mark Somos, Stephen N. Joffe. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, [2018] | Series: Medieval and early  modern philosophy and science, ISSN 2468-6808 ; volume 28 | Includes  bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018010831 (print) | LCCN 2018011768 (ebook) | ISBN  9789004336308 (E-book) | ISBN 9789004336292 (hardback : alk. paper) Subjects: | MESH: Vesalius, Andreas, 1514–1564. De humani corporis fabrica. |  Rare Books | Anatomy | Reference Books, Medical | Bibliography, Descriptive Classification: LCC QM21 (ebook) | LCC QM21 (print) | NLM WZ 294 | DDC  611—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018010831 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 2468-6808 isbn 978-90-04-33629-2 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-33630-8 (e-book) Copyright 2018 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi, Brill Sense and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner. Contents Acknowledgments ix List of Illustrations xii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Historical Background 5 1.2 Research Methods for the Census 8 1.3 Historiographical Intervention 10 2 A Valuable Book 13 2.1 Historical Price Analysis 13 2.2 Showcasing Ownership: Bindings 17 2.3 Decoration and Function: Hand-Colored Copies 20 3 Provenance 30 3.1 The Physician’s Book: Ownership between 1550–1650 32 3.2 The Jesuit Century: Ownership between 1650–1750 37 3.3 The Years of Change: Ownership between 1750–1850 40 3.4 Vesalius in America: Ownership between 1850–1950 46 3.5 The Global Fabrica: Ownership since 1950 51 4 Reading and Annotating the Fabrica: The Sporadic Reader 56 4.1 The Typical Reader: A Case Study from Los Angeles 58 4.2 The Average Reader: A Frequency Analysis 61 4.3 Scribbling at the Front: Fashioning the Reader and the Author 65 4.3.1 The Cult of Vesalius 70 4.4 Image and Text: Learning to See 78 4.4.1 Types of Annotation in Illustrations 80 4.4.2 Choosing Where to Look 86 4.4.3 From Image to Artist: The Woodcuts in the Modern Age 91 4.5 Personal Experience and Bookish Learning 95 4.5.1 What Books to Read with the Fabrica 100 4.5.2 The Trinity of Galen, Aristotle, Hippocrates 100 4.5.3 The Survival of Galen into the Modern Age 103 4.5.4 Reading Vesalius’ Contemporaries 105 4.6 The Body in Parts: Generation and Control 106 4.7 Creating Order: Corrections, Errata, and Search Techniques 114 4.7.1 Navigating the Text 117 5 Censorship: Controlling Reading 121 5.1 Licensed Readers 124 5.2 Soul and Sex 126 6 Conclusion 131 Guide to the Catalogue 133 vi Contents CATALOGUE 1543 Editions Australia 137 Austria 137 Belgium 138 Brazil 140 Bulgaria 141 Canada 141 China 143 Czech Republic 143 Denmark 145 Estonia 146 France 146 Germany 158 Hungary 176 Ireland 178 Israel 180 Italy 182 Japan 195 Mexico 197 The Netherlands 198 Norway 202 Poland 202 Portugal 203 Romania 206 Russia 207 Contents vii Slovakia 208 Spain 209 Sweden 213 Switzerland 216 United Kingdom 221 United States 239 1555 Editions Argentina 281 Australia 281 Austria 281 Belgium 284 Canada 288 Czech Republic 290 Denmark 290 Finland 291 France 291 Germany 307 Hungary 331 Ireland 333 Israel 334 Italy 335 Japan 346 Latvia 347 Mexico 347 The Netherlands 347 viii Contents New Zealand 353 Norway 353 Poland 355 Portugal 365 Romania 365 Russia 366 Slovenia 368 Spain 369 Sweden 376 Switzerland 381 Ukraine 386 United Kingdom 387 United States 410 Copies Sold at Auctions Since 1990 1543 Editions 455 1555 Editions 462 Private Copies 1543 Editions 471 1555 Editions 474 Appendix 491 Bibliography 492 General Index 501 Index of Owners 505 Index of Places of Ownership 514 Acknowledgments The production of this volume has been a truly col- assistance, Gabrielle Fox helped with research, Stephanie laborative effort, first and foremost between the three Frow gave us a hand with coding and managing our da- co-authors. A very large number of friends, colleagues, li- tabase, Roberta Schiralli at Brill assisted us with secur- brarians and previously unknown helpers have also come ing imaging rights, Rachel Donohue-Doppler and Peter to our aid to complete the project. We are truly grateful for Angelinas helped set up a database at an early stage. their help. Without them, we would not have been able to At Brill, we are especially grateful to Marti Huetink and gather all the data that we are presenting here. Rosanna Woensdregt for shepherding the book through During the process of research and writing, the authors the production process. We want to warmly thank the two received very helpful advice from a number of friends and reviewers, whose comments were invaluable in shaping colleagues. Lauren Kassell and Monique Kornell closely the final version of this text. followed the development of this project, read the com- Dániel Margócsy would like to thank Anna Cieslik and plete manuscript, and offered useful advice to improve Emil and Lily Margócsy for traveling across the world on the text. Our argument benefitted from conversations in pursuit of Fabricas, and his parents, Edit and István with and the support of Monica Azzolini, Mario Biagioli, Margócsy, for support and research help. He is grateful Maurits Biesbrouck, Ann Blair, Marius Buning, Frederick for the support of his colleagues at the Department of Clark, Sven Dupré, Caroline Duroselle-Melish, Ioannis History at Hunter College—City University of New York, Evrigenis, Márton Farkas, Mechthild Fend, Christine and, now, at the University of Cambridge’s Department Ferdinand, Sietske Fransen, Richard Gaskell, Roelof van of History and Philosophy of Science. He also wants to Gelder, Gábor Gelléri, Francis van Glabbeek, Christine acknowledge the support of the PSC-CUNY Research Göttler, Anne Goldgar, Michael Gordin, Anthony Grafton, Award (TRADB-47-268), the Franklin Research Grant of Robrecht van Hee, Marieke Hendriksen, Nick Hopwood, the American Philosophical Society, and the publication Anna Jones, Eric Jorink, Vera Keller, Sachiko Kusukawa, support of the Department of History and Philosophy Scott Mandelbrote, José Ramon Marcaida, Hannah of Science at the University of Cambridge. A part of this Marcus, Alexander Marr, Madeline McMahon, Wijnand volume was written while Daniel enjoyed the hospital- Mijnhardt, Hannah Murphy, Barbara Naddeo, Isaac ity of the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Studies in Nakhimovsky, Ilja Nieuwland, Djoeke van Netten, Vivian Wassenaar. Mark Somos would like to thank his wife, Nutton, Richard Oosterhoff, Katharine Park, Katalin Marketa Klicova, and their children, Philip Hunter and Pataki, Pasquale Porro, Katherine Reinhart, Arlene Shaner, Emma Eva Meike Somos. He is grateful to the British Lisa O’Sullivan, Evan Ragland, Chitra Ramalingam, Jenny School at Rome, the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Rampling, Bill Rankin, Dunstan Roberts, Tricia Ross, and the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Irina Savinetskaya, Simon Schaffer, James Secord, Arlene Law and International Law in Heidelberg for their Shaner, Nancy and Nobu Siraisi, Omer Steeno, Michael financial and cognitive support. Stephen Joffe would Stolberg, Jean Strouse, Claudia Swan, Liba Taub, Michael like to thank his wife Sandra Joffe and his children Tworek, Koen Vermeir, Arnoud Visser, Jacqueline Vons, Craig and Heidi. The authors acknowledge the support Andrew Wear, Nick Wilding, Joanna Woodall, Alexander of the Joffe Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45243, USA. Wragge-Morley, Elizabeth Yale, Caroline Yerkes, Gabriella A special thanks goes to all the collectors, bibliophiles Zuccolin, Huib Zuidervaart, and audiences at a variety of and owners of the Fabrica who have allowed us to study conferences and lectures. We would like to thank Anna and analyze their exemplars. A number of scholars sup- Becker in Basel, Felicia Gottmann and James Livesey in ported our project by checking for Fabricas wherever Dundee, Christian Weikop in Edinburgh, and the staff they went. We wish to thank especially Katarzyna Cieślik, of the British School at Rome for their kind support. We Gábor Gelléri, Monique Kornell, Sachiko Kusukawa, also learned much from talking to a variety of rare book Hannah Marcus, Florin-Stefan Morar, Vivian Nutton, Irina sellers and auction houses, including Antiquariat Inlibris, Savinetskaya, who each checked a large number of exem- Arader Galleries, Hugues de Latude, H. M. Fletcher, Roger plars for us. Krzysztof Nierzwicki, who has been working Gaskell, Jonathan Hill, Martayan Lan, Jeremy Norman, on a Polish census, graciously shared his results with us, Jeschke van Vliet, Rick Watson, Dominic Winter, and and provided essential help in Poland. We are equally staff at Christie’s, the Dorotheum, Sotheby’s, Swann and thankful to Zlatko Pozeg, who generously shared informa- Bonham’s. Lisa Blaker provided essential administrative tion on his research on a census of the Fabrica. We would