The Encyclopedia of GHOSTS AND SPIRITS THIRD EDITION Also by Rosemary Ellen Guiley The Encyclopedia of Angels, Second Edition The Encyclopedia of Magic and Alchemy The Encyclopedia of Saints The Encyclopedia of Vampires, Werewolves, and Other Monsters The Encylopedia of Witches and Witchcraft, Second Edition The Quotable Saint The Encyclopedia of GHOSTS AND SPIRITS THIRD EDITION Rosemary Ellen Guiley Foreword by Troy Taylor For Joanne P. Austin The Encyclopedia of Ghosts and Spirits, Third Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Visionary Living, Inc. Copyright © 1992 by Rosemary Ellen Guiley All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Facts On File, Inc. An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Guiley, Rosemary. The encyclopedia of ghosts and spirits / Rosemary Ellen Guiley. — 3rd ed. p. cm. Includes index. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-8160-6737-4 ISBN-10: 0-8160-6737-6 1. Ghosts—Encyclopedias. 2. Spirits—Encyclopedias. 3. Parapsychology—Encyclopedias. I. Title. BF1461.G85 2009 133.103—dc22 2006103302 Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can fi nd Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.factsonfi le.com Text design by Cathy Rincon Cover design by Salvatore Luongo Printed in the United States of America VB Hermitage 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper. C ONTENTS s s FOREWORD vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix INTRODUCTION x ENTRIES A–Z 1 INDEX 542 F OREWORD s s In fall 2006, an award-winning physicist was quoted in encounters with the spirits of the dead for longer than USA Today declaring that ghosts cannot exist. They can- history has been recorded—and are still having them not walk among us, he said, because their feet would need today! to apply pressure on fl oors. They could not pass through Such reports are enough to make scientists lie wide walls because this would violate scientifi c laws of action awake in their beds at night, paralyzed with fear. Not and reaction. Ghosts, quite simply, cannot be real. because they are afraid of ghosts, but because they are Interestingly, like so many scientists throughout his- afraid that the grip they have tried to impose on society, tory, this particular physicist based his ideas about ghosts grabbing us by the throat and demanding that we not on his own personal disbelief. Science demands that for believe in such things, has started to slip once again. something to be “real,” it must be able to be duplicated This is not the fi rst time that such a thing has occurred. over and over again in a scientifi c setting. Unfortunately, During the latter part of the 1800s, scientists were shaken the supernatural does not really conform to the idea of to the core by the rise of the American movement known repeatable experiments. We can measure, document, and as spiritualism—the belief that the dead could, and fre- record, but ghosts do not perform on command, which quently did, communicate with the living. New innova- is what scientists demand. Ghosts cannot be trapped in tions in science had just started to break the hold that the laboratory. If you drag them out of the shadows and superstition and religion had on society, and, angered by expose them to the harsh glare of scientifi c “reality,” they the challenge spiritualism posed to this, scientists imme- tend to vanish. diately set out to debunk everything about it. And while Thanks to this, science tells us, ghosts cannot exist. many hoaxes were exposed, there were just enough genu- But do most people feel this way? It is unlikely that you, ine mediums among the fakes to send many of the sci- the reader, believe this to be the case or you would prob- entists back to their universities and laboratories in fear ably not have this book in your hands! Gallup Polls tell us and, in some cases, like Sir William Crookes, Sir Oliver that more than one in three Americans believe that houses Lodge, and others, to actually convert them to the validity can be haunted and more than 20 percent believe that of the spiritualist movement. people can communicate with the dead. So if ghosts cannot Today, with new technology assailing us on every side, exist, why do so many people believe that they can? scientists continue to assure us not to worry—there are This is a puzzling and perplexing question to most no ghosts, no hauntings, and no haunted houses. In the scientists and professional debunkers, but not to psychi- cold light of the modern era, such things cannot exist. cal researchers and ghost hunters. Those of us who delve There is nothing out there, lurking in the night. However, into the paranormal fi eld know that stories and reports we know different, don’t we? of ghosts have been with us for centuries, dating back By defi nition, a “ghost” is a “disembodied personality,” to ancient Rome and beyond. People have been having and, as of now, there is absolutely no physical evidence vi Foreword vii that the human personality even exists. Science will not Those who do not believe in ghosts often convince admit that such a thing is present inside the body while it themselves that anyone who experiences one has misin- is still functioning, so we are far from scientifi cally prov- terpreted some form of natural phenomena or is either ing that it exists outside the body (as a ghost) after death. drunk, mentally ill, or lying about what they claim has However, I don’t think there are any among us who do occurred. In a situation like the one just described, every not accept the idea of the personality, or spirit, and if it single witness would have had to make the same mistake, can exist inside the body, then why not outside it? been mentally ill, or have had an alcohol abuse problem. It is unlikely that mainstream scientists will ever This was not the case. They could not have been lying accept this, just as it is unlikely that they will ever accept because they would have had no idea what to lie about. psychical research as a legitimate science. They cannot They were unaware that others had shared their experi- understand it and, worse, simply don’t want to. It’s usu- ence, and yet it had been repeating itself for many years. ally not until new facts emerge that scientists will admit Merely a coincidence? I don’t believe so and, in fact, I that they could have been wrong. For many years, the believe that the history in this case proved that the house world’s greatest scientists insisted that the Earth was fl at. was haunted. They largely ignored those who tried to prove otherwise We can collect historical evidence by gathering wit- until Magellan actually sailed around it in 1522. Other ness testimony and details about the ghost that may be scientists have claimed that the Earth was hollow or that present at a location. We can then research that gathered the sun revolved around it. In each case, science turned information and match it with former occupants of the out to be wrong. house who are still alive. This is simplifi ed, but having Will this someday be the case with the paranormal? independent witnesses from different time periods with It is hard to know for sure because psychical research- matching experiences makes for some pretty convincing ers have been working to prove the reality of the super- evidence. natural for more than 150 years. Some would say that Scientifi c debunking be damned—we have just his- they have done so with little success, but I would disagree torically proven that a house is haunted and that ghosts with this. Many ghost hunters have been able to prove do exist! that houses are haunted—not scientifi cally but histori- Have I convinced you now that history is imperative cally! How does this work? Let me give you the perfect for good paranormal research? If so, then the book you scenario for proving a house is haunted: are now holding will become even more crucial to your A family moves into a house and, shortly after, they begin future investigations. History is a great key to the spirit to experience strange happenings. Doors open and close world, and this book will unlock many doors for you. by themselves, lights turn on and off, and objects begin to I have been recommending Rosemary Ellen Guiley’s vanish, turning up again in odd places a few days later. Encyclopedia of Ghosts and Spirits since I fi rst became They are also startled to fi nd that the apparition of a man is involved in the world of psychical research. It is at the sometimes seen in a back hallway. top of my list of books that every ghost hunter should Bewildered by what is going on, they contact the pre- own. There are few books on the market that can be used vious owners of the house and learn that they also expe- as extensively, and this is even more true in the book’s rienced the odd happenings and saw the ghostly man. expanded incarnation. Checking back even farther, they discover that other owners Why should no paranormal researcher be without it? had shared these same experiences. Before this, no one was It’s not only because of the massive compilation of facts aware that others had seen the same things, and they had that it offers on just about everything in the spirit world, never been discussed outside the family. but also because of the history that it contains. I have Scientifi cally, no one had proven that a ghost was already described just how important history is to ghost haunting this house, but there is historical evidence of research, and I believe books like this one will be essen- this fact. In this particular case (which is based on a tial to the further development of this fi eld. In these times real case in my fi les), the witnesses to the haunting had of scientifi c criticism and increased public scrutiny of never compared notes on the case and, combined, had what we are doing in the paranormal world, it’s important lived in the house for a period of more than 50 years. that we raise our standards from mere “ghost hunting” to During each occupancy, the homeowners saw and expe- actual “ghost research.” We, as researchers, are required rienced the ghost-related activity without ever realizing to obtain the most authentic evidence possible of a haunt- that others had experienced it too. To add to this brief ing. While this seems obvious, it’s not always clear to scenario, the witnesses even identifi ed a photograph of many of the investigators who call themselves ghost hunt- the home’s original owner as the ghost that they had ers. Many are under the impression that walking around seen. They did this without hesitation—not knowing sensing spirits or wandering old cemeteries snapping ran- that former residents had also picked out this same dom photographs constitutes good ghost research. Noth- photo! ing could be farther from the truth! viii Foreword With every paranormal investigation, we must have the Encyclopedia of Ghosts and Spirits. For this reason, a purpose. Why is the location haunted? Why is the we owe Rosemary a debt of gratitude for the tremendous haunting taking place? What events occurred to make amount of work that she has put into this book. It is the the location become haunted in the fi rst place? These are essential guide to the spirit world, and I urge you to read questions that must be answered, and, once we do that, it from cover to cover. We still have much to learn when we can legitimately call ourselves researchers. it comes to the paranormal, but if it’s information that But how are such questions answered? This is where you are looking for, you could not have come to a better historical research becomes so crucial and books like this one become essential to your work. place! I can honestly say that no greater reference exists —Troy Taylor about the history of hauntings, ghosts, and spirits than Author and Founder, American Ghost Society A CKNOWLEDGMENTS s s I would like especially to thank Joanne P. Austin, to whom his help concerning instrumental transcommunication; this book is dedicated, for her research and editorial con- Sarah Estep and Tom and Lisa Butler, for EVP help; Loyd tributions to all the editions. I am also indebted to Troy Auerbach, a leading parapsychologist whose outstanding Taylor, who has written the foreword to this and the pre- work has inspired many people in the fi eld; George P. vious edition and whose books are excellent sources. Troy Hansen, a parapsychologist who provided many insights has been a major fi gure in ghost research and activities into the paranormal; Joshua P. Warren, for his outstand- since the mid-1990s, and his work has served as a model ing research; Jeff Belanger, founder of Ghostvillage.com, a for countless individuals and groups. valuable resource center; Alan Murdie, Tom Perrott (who In addition, I am grateful for the help I received from wrote a foreword to the second edition of this book), John many paranormal researchers and investigators, includ- Girvan, and Jo Clark, for helping me with my research in ing (and not in any particular order) Mark Nesbitt, whose England; Walter Meyer zu Erpen and Debra Barr, offi cers Civil War battlefi elds expertise is unparalleled; John Zaf- of the Survival Research Institute of Canada, for their fi s and Adam Blai, for their expertise in demonology; invaluable help in researching Canadian material; Hans Keith Age, a leading investigator who opened important Holzer, whose prolifi c works drew many researchers into doors for me; Karl Petry, one of the best psychics in the the paranormal; Renee Kruse, for opening research doors business; Kelly Weaver, one of the best mediums in the and sharing information; and Tim and John Frick, para- paranormal, and her husband, John Weaver, for their normal adventurers who have assisted me many times. I sharing of information and photographs; Rick Fisher, would also like to thank Deanna and Wayne Robinson, who has accumulated an impressive expertise in his proprietors of Thornewood Castle; Sharyn and George case researches; Dale Kaczmarek, for his help in assess- Luedke, owners of the McPike Mansion; Donald Woods ing photographs; Robbin Van Pelt and Craig Telesha, for and Lee-ann Wilber, proprietors of the Lizzie Borden their technical expertise; Derek Bartlett, for his help in House; and Tina Mattingly, an owner of the Waverly Hills case research; Jason Hawes and Grant Wilson, the stars Sanatorium. These people and many others are part of of Ghost Hunters and leaders of The Atlantic Paranor- a substantial community devoted to exploring ghosts, mal Society, for their generous assistance; Mark Macy, for hauntings, and the paranormal. ix