《论基督君主的教育》的表述形式是一系列的劝戒和箴言(以简洁易记的语句概括教诲的关键要领),对象是开明的统治者。其中的“基督教教义”其实只是它对于领袖和法治所赋予的高度的道德地位。
在《论基督君主的教育》中,伊拉斯谟提出了针锋相对的观点。马基雅维利力图教导攫取权力的统治者,如何才能最好地维持这份权力。而伊拉斯谟却直言不讳地赞同欧洲的世袭王室,明确指出,打乱现行秩序会引发分岐,不利于社会整合,代价过于高昂,因此难以考虑。统治者的臣民只有遭受赤裸裸的暴政,才有正当理由发起政治挑战。基于这种对于现状的认可与支持,伊拉斯谟在《论基督君主的教育》中为自己设下的问题是:如何确保那些世袭王位的统治者受到正确的教育,以便公正而仁慈地进行治理,使君主之治理永远也不传统沦为压迫。
Table of Contents
- Frontmatter
- INTRODUCTION page 1
- I. The Political Theories of Erasmus page 3
- II. The Education of a Christian Prince page 26
- III. Ancient Theories of Statecraft page 44
- IV. Ancient Sources of the Institutio page 94
- V. The Perfect Prince from the Sixth Century to the Sixteenth Century page 99
- VI. Summary of the Medieval Period page 125
- TEXT
- Dedicatory Epistle page 133
- I. The Qualities, Education, and Significance of a Christian Prince page 139
- II. The Prince Must Avoid Flatterers page 193
- III. The Arts of Peace page 205
- IV. On Tributes and Taxes page 215
- V. On the Beneficences of the Prince page 219
- VI. On Enacting or Emending Laws page 221
- VII. On Magistrates and Their Functions page 235
- VIII. On Treaties page 238
- IX. On the Marriage Alliances of Princes page 241
- X. On the Occupation of the Prince in Peace page 244
- XI. On Beginning War page 249
- BIBLIOGRAPHY page 259
- INDEX page 269