THE EAGLE, GLOBE, AND ANCHOR 1868-1968 HISTORY AND MUSEUMS DIVISION HEADQUARTERS, U.S. MARINE CORPS WASHINGTON, D.C. MARINE CORPS MUSEUM TECHNICAL MONOGRAPH SERIES This Technical Monograph Series is prepared under the direction of the Senior Historian and will include other works similar in nature. These are largely derived from the museum's material collections and are designed to explore in depth the particular subject addressed. It is hoped that the Series will stimulate interest in the more obscure aspects of the material history of the Marine Corps and at the same time introduce a specialized reference document of considerable utility to the historical researcher as well as the technician. The Marine Corps Museum is located a few miles south of Washington, D. C., just off Interstate 95 and is open daily to the public free of charge. The research facilities are open to users who have obtained prior authorization from the Curator from 8:00 a. m. to 4:30 p. m. Monday through Friday, federal holidays excepted. COVER SEAL The device reproduced on the front cover is an interpretation of an 1812 United States Marine Corps hat device by JoAnn Wood. Fors&e by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington,D.C. 20402 Stock No. 008-055-00117-0 THE EAGLE, GLOBE, AND ANCHOR 1868-1968 By Colonel John A. Driscoll, USMCR PCN 19000319900 HISTORY AND MUSEUMS DIVISION HEADQUARTERS, U. S. MARINE CORPS WASHINGTON, D. C. Printed 1971 Reprinted 1977 1'or sale by the Buperlnteiident of Document., U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Stock No. OO8-OM-00fl7-0 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1 I 1868—1876 5 II 1876—1892 11 III 1892—1904 19 IV 1904—1914 31 V 1914—1922 37 VI 1922—1930 51 VII 1930—1937 61 VIII 1937—1949 67 IX 1949—1962 83 X 1962—1968 97 APPENDICES Page A. The 1868 Fatigue Cap Ornament. 103 B. The 1869 Officer's Epaulette Ornament 105 C. The 1875 Uniform Ornaments 107 D. The 1892 Uniform Ornaments. 109 E. The 1900 Uniform Ornaments. 111 F. The 1904 And 1908 Uniform Ornaments. 113 G. The 1912 And 1917 Uniform Ornaments. 117 H. The 1922 Uniform Ornaments. 121 I. The 1929 Uniform Ornaments. 127 J. The 1937 Uniform Ornaments. 135 K. The 1943 Women's Reserve Uniform Ornaments. 141 L. The 1945 Women's Reserve Uniform Ornaments. 145 M. The 1949 Uniform Ornaments. 147 N. The 1962 Uniform Ornaments. 157 0. The 1966 Uniform Ornaments. 161 111 ILLUSTRATIONS INTRODUCTION Figure 1 Enlisted hat plate, circa. 1812 Figure 2 Enlisted cap ornament, circa. 1834—1840. Figure 3 Officer's full dress cap ornament, 1859—1876. CHAPTER I Figure 4 Officer's fatigue cap ornament photograph submitted together with the Boards recommendation to Secretary of the Navy Gideon Wells by Brig. Gen. Comdt. Jacob Zeilen on 17 Nov. 1868 for approval. Figure 5 Officer's fatigue cap ornament photograph sent to posts and stations on 30 Nov. 1868. Figure 6 Officer's fatigue cap ornament photograph (rear view) sent to posts and stations on 30 Nov. 1868. Figure 7 Officer's fatigue cap ornament, 1868-1876. Figure 8 Officer's fatigue cap ornament, 1868-1876. Observe, showing the globe and eagle separated from the dark blue cloth upon which the foul anchor is embroidered in gold bullion. Figure 9 Officer's fatigue cap ornament, 1868-1876. Reverse, showing the globe and eagle separated from the dark blue cloth upon which the foul anchor is embroidered in gold bullion. CHAPTER II Figure 10 "Richly-gilt United Stites shield" for the officer's full-dress hat ornament, 1876—1892. Figure 11 "Silver Corps device" for the officer's full-dress hat ornament, 187 6—1892. Figure 12 Officer in full-dress uniform prescribed by the 1875 Uniform Regulations. Figure 13 Officer's undress cap ornament, 1876-1892; officer's fatigue cap ornament, 1876—1881. Figure 14. Enlisted full—dress hat ornament, 1876—1892. Figure 15 Enlisted Marine in the full-dress uniform worn from 1876-1891(2). Figure 16 Enlisted undress cap and fatigue cap ornament illustrated in the 1875 Uniform Regulations. V ILLUSTRATIONS (Cont'd) Figure 17 Enlisted Marine in the full-dress coat and undress cap prescribed by the 1875 Uniform Regulations. Figure 18 Officer's dress coat corps devices, 1877—1892; Officer's summer undress coat corps devices, 1892—1900; Officer's undress Cot corps devices, 1900—1904; Officer's summer undress coat corps devices, 1900—1904; Officer's campaign coat corps devices, 1900— 1904. Figure 19 Musician, U. S. Marine Band, circa. 1885, in full-dress coat and white helmet. CHAPTER III Figure 20 Officer in the full—dress uniform worn from 1892—1904. Figure 21 Officer's undress cap ornament, 1892-1904. Figure 22 Officer in the undress uniform prescribed by the 1892 Uniform Regulations. Figure 23 Officer's epaulette ornament (right) 1892-1904. Figure 24 Officer in the undress coat prescribed by the 1892 Uniform Regu- lations. Figure 25 Enlisted black helmet device (type 1), 1892-1904. Figure 26 Enlisted black helmet device (type 2), 1892-1904. Figure 27 Enlisted shoulder knots with corps device, 1892-1904. Figure 28 Enlisted Marine in the full dress coat worn from 1892-1904. Figure 29 Officer, circa. 1898, in undress uniform. Figure 30 Officers, 1898, in campaign uniform. Figure 31 Enlisted Marines, 1900, Peking, China, wearingtheundress uniform with campaign hat. Figure 32 Enlisted Marines, circa. 1900, in the Phillippines, wearing the old blue field kit for tropical use. Figure 33 Staff officer's shoulder knot ornament (right), 1900-1904. Figure 34 Enlisted cap ornament, 1900-1908. CHAPTER IV Figure 35 Officer's service cap and field hat ornament, 1904-1914. vi