Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1933 The design of a masonry arch barn roof Henry J. Barre Iowa State College Follow this and additional works at:https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of theAgriculture Commons,Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering Commons, Construction Engineering Commons, and theConstruction Engineering and Management Commons Recommended Citation Barre, Henry J., "The design of a masonry arch barn roof" (1933).Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 14515. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/14515 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please [email protected]. Z 9 ?HS msim OF ^ lUBOKnr sahk wot Haary J* Barre a auteltted to the Oraduata FaeuXty tte dasrea U$S3m 09 SCIENCS Haior subject AearlouXtural Baetnearlng {Fam structures) Signatures have been redacted forprivacy lows state College X933 "smz OF Gomssm Ixttroduetloa e H&wtmw ot PwrlooM miSn e "TlM ixnFestigatlcii 14 Specific QbJecti'Mia 14 K5ethoa of pTOcedtire 15 Ttesults 17 Boof ne^niirfflTMai'ta 17 Sp8& X8 £0 £S wind t&eSm on iux»t 26 B«rle« of Bind prewsure isvestisatiow l0Gd aAsmsptioito S9 Seldotlcm of Type of Hoof confitrisctim Prosent types of oaiBtruction 82 Proposed doaigna 34 comparison of dssigHB S8 StxuoturaX Dosi^ 45 GeoeraX design 45 Hoot e^tlm fraslag details 47 -5^ Streos Amilyses VlrlBXona of th« a»ii axi» &0 Dead loads 50 ]3ead aB& vliiA loads 63 Eay f orlE load 57 Hoof CoiutrtietlOQ 9@ auslta oo&struGtlaa 6B Coxmtrtietlon operatiOM 99 Cost of eonatsruotlon s»xjm^xy &Bd coaolusi<ms 40 Ztlterature Cited 9^ AcHnovlodgaents 48 TABZ£3 ntsm^ ?igar« X ?}» All ISftsoory Ban 12 Flgur« & 0hB9rta%t<m& of Baxae end Ban Pl«n» by BlStbs 19 fiear9 3 Ban Cross aeotlone sbosla^ the Avarago of Details Obtained by a T/ldth of 34 Feet SO arable X Observations of H^ght of Bidge /Jjope aow i loor la 56-foot GamlHrsl noof Bans ?lsure 4 Oiarves to the stape of the Azeb, Boof £fiay cottfosm 24 Figure 9 Wind presaiaze Biatributlon on Ea^dels BalldiacEs aad tb« Aamwd Blstributlctt and ^lagaitaaB of TilnA pressures oa the Barn Jircb ROOf TabZft Xt DiiBonsioas aaad V^ightB of precast slaba of Different Materials Figure 6 aections of Three Different Types of Maeonry Aroh Ban noof C<m8truotloo 36 TabXe III Kstlmted Cost for riaterlals of piffennt Types of Oosstrootl^m fccr a Ben Boof 34 iBry 60 J?»«t ead a Beiglit of £0 Feet it FllCtIM 7 Qeoeral Cfiustruatloa Details of the £ftiiiolltMe cooerete Boot 44 Figure 9 iPranliie Detaile of %hm itoaolithie Ccmerete Hoof 46 Flgttie 9 DlTieiOBS of the Arch Axle Sfith a Tarla- ble msmnt of inortla - Ttlm noof fit flgwe 10 stress .uiaXyaifi for Dead Loada -» Til© T'-Oof es Tlgure IX Stress ^Uial7sl8 for Oorabined Dead and '.Vind Loads w Tile noof ngacce 18 streae AaalyBis tOr combined Dead and rtlnd Loads Preoaat Slab Roof Figure U Stress Amdysls for Cfiubined Bead ead Wind LMds « Monolitiile Ccmerete Boof W IKTROBTJCTIOK UA* of ttora pexsio&Giit eonstrtiotlon tiirou^ the utl* Xlsatioa of nasoary aaterlaXa hao not t>oe& fully e^lolted* 'HbB smaller butldinga wre the fl^t to ho hullt of po3>» manent isaterlaiB* Although ooii«rete aad el<y znatorlele had heea oaod In the lover part gT the leader Btxmtva^e^ little thought has been glTen to fire resistant construction by bulld- in^ the second story tXoora eB.fi roofs also of raesonry laateri- als« The enormous losses due to fire and wind could be averted largely by good niasonry construotlon, in which roapect rural building hss flailed to iceep pace ?jlth that of the city, imr- ther» new oethode of eot:i&t3a2Ctton as ^11 as ne« lightweight masonry aateriale have been developed which give proiol&e of being suited tm fire resistant penaimnt eonstruetlon* The AgrleuXtural ^engineering section of the jiigrieultaral saiperlsient station at thla eollege has conducted a nteifl^er of yaers esi Imresti^tion on the design and construction of an all mascmry bam as a project in the station. Although the results have been rather satlsfaGtory, the most difficult probleas have occurred in the conetruction of the roof, i^ich has added considerably to xte expense. V';ith the advent of nev fiiGEBQXury siaterlals co^d oethods or construotloHf solutions to a mmber of the^ dlffloultles suggest themelves^ either -7- by iiaproving the present design or eaaploying otbers la idileh eonstructl^ method are radically dlfferont* Xifi Qorl£ given here is a part of this invostigatlon and Is an atten^t to design a fire resistant and a relatively pemsent 1»m roof of susonry oonstrtotlos, providing ade quate and tmobstmoted storage epaee, «2ilGh eoold be cooetrue^ ted at reasonable first eoat and v&loli mold require lo« isalntenanee* _ii 1 RBVIEY; Ot P5a2VIO03 WORK Ko invostigatloual work other thaa that conducted the AgrloulturaX fagjonnieiit station at this oollaga has baen rttported whlfth 1» rolated directly to this problem, oo- callad "flpepioof ImrBS'* ha:T« been reported in a few instanoos, Tbese» how&nTt have be«a struetures with flat roofa aupportad at Intaxnedlata points and no atteiqpit bas bean made to obtain an aatirely unobstructed hay storagd ex^oe* Benoe, the folXo««- Ine aifiaraarizations are oonflned to the Invaatieations o<aid\>eted by the Esiperiaent station. in 19X3 w. Aehby (3) and J. Kelley (13), then sanlOT /igilcultural Eneinoering students at loaa State coUegOt made acsae design atudies of an all masonry barn for their thesis voxk* Both eraployed the principle of arches in their roof deele&t to place the tsasonry materiale in cos^ression under tlw roof^s own dead wight* Howerer* their designs dif^ fared otherwise. Eelley pr^^Kwed a design idtl^ was aSjoaost entirely of reinforeed eonorete eomitraotlon. The 6-in^ monolithic eonorete roof confor^d to the shape of an Ixnrerted catenary and its orerELll dlinenaions were a span of S6 feet and height of £5 feet. In Ashby*s proposed design^ hollow tile building blocks were placed in the fona of an arch and reinforced oonor^te aroh ribs were placed at 6*foot intervals to resist the ecoeixtrio loads such as wind« -9- m eO&kttatk to blB a»ai0i stuaisa* Afldiby &2jbo buJLlt tootoA a motxtm of a mdel of hia proposed roof idOoh mem eosstametod to t&o soaXo of 4 iBstes to the foot* Tte toots flhowdd tbe roof structure to be very stable, la tbat a sstls— fftotory faotor of safety had been developed end no funda^ nental veoknes^s nere apparent* In the siamBr of 1915, after the ln?eetlgation had bean or^^aized lato a statlfm pra^ot^ cot areh roof was desired oad a full«8isaed seetiozi IS feet Icmg oonatruotod by ««h (U m&XBOT^ hm J« Pletehor aad a« 9. Clyde (IS)* the sttae avoh Has tested to destroetlmi la the fell of 19£S by A» Clyde mxA H«try Glese (e}» tim 4esle^ was wsseatially ffszBO as l&at of Aslil^y* A spaa of 36 feet Gosd a height of £4 feet 7 laohes aboire the mow floor soto ehosen as ttie overall dlsieasioQ8 of the roof* The reinforced eonorete aroh 3*lbs tilleh wBre spaced 6 feat o& emtare sere 10 lat^s wide m&. "Taflc^ la depth from 3 Inohea at the orowa to 34 laohes at the supports* Four l/s^lneh eqaare bars eaoh la the top aad the bottoa eoastltuted the xeloforelag* The wood focms used tm: the e«»tvuetloa of the i^h had to be ^Ite heaigr md mil braeed i^aee ^ose had to oarry e lavee piort of Uie roof ml^ imtll It ivas ooa^loted# la the strflfigth tests the Bxch moo loaded a OfBtem of levers aad the load applied at the polst whore the resiiltaat