The Cultural Studies Reader Second Edition The Cultural Studies Reader is the ideal introduction for students to this exciting discipline. A revised introduction explaining the history and key concerns of cultural studies brings together important articles by leading thinkers to provide an essential guide to the development, key concerns, and future directions of cultural studies. This expanded second edition offers: (cid:1) thirty-eight essays including eighteen new articles (cid:1) an editor’s preface succinctly introducing each article (cid:1) comprehensive coverage of every major cultural studies method and theory (cid:1) an updated account of recent developments in the field (cid:1) articles on new areas such as science and cyberculture, globalization, postcolonialism, public spheres, and cultural policy (cid:1) a fully revised introduction and an extensive guide to further reading (cid:1) suggestions for further reading at the end of each article and a comprehensive bibliography Combining major thinkers from other disciplines with cultural studies pioneers such as Raymond Williams and key contemporary figures, The Cultural Studies Reader is essential reading for any student wanting to know how cultural studies developed, where-it is now, and its future directions. Contributors: Ackbar Abbas, Theodor Adorno, Arjun Appadurai, Roland Barthes, Tony Bennett, Lauren Berlant, Homi K. Bhabha, Pierre Bourdieu, Judith Butler, Rey Chow, James Clifford, Michel de Certeau, Teresa de Lauretis, Richard Dyer, David Forgacs, Michel Foucault, Nancy Fraser, Nicholas Garnham, Stuart Hall, Donna Haraway, Dick Hebdige, bell hooks, Max Horkheimer, Eric Lott, Jean- François Lyotard, Angela McRobbie, Meaghan Morris, Hamid Naficy, Janice A. Radway, Andrew Ross, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Edward Soja, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Peter Stallybrass, Carolyn Steedman, Will Straw, Michael Warner, Cornel West, Allon White, Raymond Williams. Simon During is Robert Wallace Professor of English at the University of Melbourne. His articles have appeared in numerous journals including Cultural Studies, Textual Practice and Critical Inquiry, and he is the author of Foucault and Literature (Routledge 1992) and Patrick White (Oxford 1994). The Cultural Studies Reader Second Edition Edited by Simon During London and New York First published 1993 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Second edition first published 1999 by Routledge Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2001.  1993, 1999 Simon During – the collection  1993, 1999 the contributors – individual chapters All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data The cultural studies reader / edited by Simon During. — 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Culture. 2. Culture—Study and teaching. 3. Popular culture. I. During, Simon HM101.C8928 1999 306—dc21 98–51656 CIP ISBN 0-415-13753-5 (hbk) 0-415-13754-3 (pbk) ISBN 0-203-13217-3 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-18538-2 (Glassbook Format) Contents Acknowledgments x 1 Simon During INTRODUCTION 1 PART ONE Theory and method 2 Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer THE CULTURE INDUSTRY: ENLIGHTENMENT AS MASS DECEPTION 31 3 Roland Barthes DOMINICI, OR THE TRIUMPH OF LITERATURE 42 4 Carolyn Steedman CULTURE, CULTURAL STUDIES AND THE HISTORIANS 46 5 James Clifford ON COLLECTING ART AND CULTURE 57 6 Angela McRobbie THE PLACE OF WALTER BENJAMIN IN CULTURAL STUDIES 77 7 Stuart Hall CULTURAL STUDIES AND ITS THEORETICAL LEGACIES 97 vi CONTENTS PART TWO Space and time 8 Edward Soja HISTORY: GEOGRAPHY: MODERNITY 113 9 Michel de Certeau WALKING IN THE CITY 126 10 Michel Foucault SPACE, POWER AND KNOWLEDGE 134 11 Jean-François Lyotard DEFINING THE POSTMODERN 142 12 Ackbar Abbas BUILDING ON DISAPPEARANCE: HONG KONG ARCHITECTURE AND COLONIAL SPACE 146 PART THREE Nationalism, postcolonialism and globalization 13 Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak SCATTERED SPECULATIONS ON THE QUESTION OF CULTURAL STUDIES 169 14 Homi K. Bhabha THE POSTCOLONIAL AND THE POSTMODERN: THE QUESTION OF AGENCY 189 15 David Forgacs NATIONAL-POPULAR: GENEALOGY OF A CONCEPT 209 16 Arjun Appadurai DISJUNCTURE AND DIFFERENCE IN THE GLOBAL CULTURAL ECONOMY 220 PART FOUR Ethnicity and multiculturalism 17 bell hooks A REVOLUTION OF VALUES: THE PROMISE OF MULTICULTURAL CHANGE 233 CONTENTS vii 18 Eric Lott RACIAL CROSS-DRESSING AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF AMERICAN WHITENESS 241 19 Cornel West THE NEW CULTURAL POLITICS OF DIFFERENCE 256 PART FIVE Science and cyberculture 20 Donna Haraway A CYBORG MANIFESTO 271 21 Andrew Ross THE CHALLENGE OF SCIENCE 292 PART SIX Sexuality and gender 22 Teresa de Lauretis UPPING THE ANTI (SIC) IN FEMINIST THEORY 307 23 Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick AXIOMATIC 320 24 Judith Butler SUBJECTS OF SEX/GENDER/DESIRE 340 25 Lauren Berlant and Michael Warner SEX IN PUBLIC 354 PART SEVEN Carnival and utopia 26 Richard Dyer ENTERTAINMENT AND UTOPIA 371 27 Peter Stallybrass and Allon White BOURGEOIS HYSTERIA AND THE CARNIVALESQUE 382 viii CONTENTS PART EIGHT Consumption and the market 28 Meaghan Morris THINGS TO DO WITH SHOPPING CENTRES 391 29 Raymond Williams ADVERTISING: THE MAGIC SYSTEM 410 PART NINE Leisure 30 Pierre Bourdieu HOW CAN ONE BE A SPORTS FAN? 427 31 Dick Hebdige THE FUNCTION OF SUBCULTURE 441 32 Will Straw CHARACTERIZING ROCK MUSIC CULTURE: THE CASE OF HEAVY METAL 451 33 Rey Chow LISTENING OTHERWISE, MUSIC MINIATURIZED: A DIFFERENT TYPE OF QUESTION ABOUT REVOLUTION 462 PART TEN Culture – political economy and policy 34 Tony Bennett PUTTING POLICY INTO CULTURAL STUDIES 479 35 Nicholas Garnham POLITICAL ECONOMY AND CULTURAL STUDIES 492 PART ELEVEN Media and public spheres 36 Stuart Hall ENCODING, DECODING 507 CONTENTS ix 37 Nancy Fraser RETHINKING THE PUBLIC SPHERE: A CONTRIBUTION TO THE CRITIQUE OF ACTUALLY EXISTING DEMOCRACY 518 38 Hamid Naficy THE MAKING OF EXILE CULTURES: IRANIAN TELEVISION IN LOS ANGELES 537 39 Janice A. Radway THE INSTITUTIONAL MATRIX OF ROMANCE 564 Bibliography 577 Index 601