The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Celtic Magazine, Vol. I, No. VI, April 1886, by Various This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: The Celtic Magazine, Vol. I, No. VI, April 1886 A Monthly Periodical Devoted to the Literature, History, Antiquities, Folk Lore, Traditions, and the Social and Material Interests of the Celt at Home and Abroad Author: Various Editor: Alexander Mackenzie Alexander Macgregor Alexander Macbain Release Date: July 24, 2012 [EBook #40323] Language: English Character set encoding: UTF-8 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CELTIC MAGAZINE, APRIL 1886 *** Produced by Tamise Totterdell, Margo von Romberg and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) THE CELTIC MAGAZINE. No. VI. APRIL 1876. THE MASSACRE OF GLENCOE. [CONTINUED.] STAIR MEANWHILE HAD MADE UP HIS MIND, AND THROUGH HIS INFLUENCE THE CERTIFICATE OF MACIAN HAVING SIGNED HIS ALLEGIANCE WAS SUPPRESSED, AND ON THE 11TH OF JANUARY, AND AFTERWARDS ON THE 16TH, INSTRUCTIONS SIGNED AND COUNTERSIGNED BY THE KING CAME FORTH IN WHICH THE INHABITANTS OF GLENCOE WERE EXPRESSLY EXEMPTED FROM THE PARDON GIVEN TO THE OTHER CLANS, AND EXTREME MEASURES ORDERED AGAINST THEM. A LETTER WAS SENT BY LORD STAIR TO COLONEL HILL COMMANDING HIM TO EXECUTE THE PURPOSES OF THE GOVERNMENT, BUT HE SHOWED SUCH RELUCTANCE THAT THE COMMISSION WAS GIVEN TO ONE COLONEL HAMILTON INSTEAD, WHO HAD NO SCRUPLES. HE WAS ORDERED TO TAKE A DETACHMENT OF 120 MEN, CHIEFLY BELONGING TO A CLAN regiment levied by Argyle, and consequently animated by bitter feudal animosity towards the Macdonalds. TOWARDS THE CLOSE OF JANUARY A COMPANY OF ARMED HIGHLANDERS APPEAR WENDING THEIR WAY TOWARD THE OPENING OF THE VALLEY OF GLENCOE. THE MACDONALDS, FEARING THEY HAVE COME FOR THEIR ARMS, SEND THEM AWAY TO A PLACE OF CONCEALMENT, AND THEN CAME FORTH TO MEET THE STRANGERS. THEY FIND IT IS A PARTY OF ARGYLE'S SOLDIERS, COMMANDED BY CAPTAIN CAMPBELL OF GLENLYON, WHOSE NIECE (A SISTER BY THE WAY OF ROB ROY) IS MARRIED TO ALASTAIR MACDONALD, ONE OF MACIAN'S SONS. THEY ASK IF THEY HAVE COME AS FRIENDS OR FOES. THEY REPLY, AS FRIENDS, BUT AS THE GARRISON AT FORT-WILLIAM IS CROWDED THEY HAD BEEN SENT TO QUARTER THEMSELVES FOR A FEW DAYS AT GLENCOE. THEY ARE RECEIVED WITH OPEN ARMS, FEUDS ARE forgotten, and for a fortnight all is harmony and even hilarity in the hamlet. Loud in all the clustering cottages Rose sounds of melody and voice of mirth; [Pg 163] The measured madness of the dance is there, And the wild rapture of the feast of shells. Warm hands are clasped to hands that firm reply, And friendship glows and brightens into love. Thus for a fortnight matters go on, when on the 1st of February orders are issued by Hamilton to his subordinate, Major DUNCANSON, FIXING FIVE O'CLOCK NEXT MORNING FOR THE SLAUGHTER OF ALL THE MACDONALDS UNDER SEVENTY, AND ENJOINING THE VARIOUS DETACHMENTS OF MEN TO BE AT THEIR POSTS BY THAT HOUR TO SECURE THE PASSES OF THE GLEN THAT NOT ONE OF THE DOOMED RACE MIGHT ESCAPE. ESPECIAL CARE WAS TO BE TAKEN THAT THE OLD FOX AND HIS CUBS SHOULD NOT ESCAPE, AND THAT (WHAT COOL BUT HELLISH WORDS), "THAT THE GOVERNMENT WAS NOT TO BE TROUBLED WITH PRISONERS." THESE FELL ORDERS DUNCANSON HANDED on to Glenlyon, who gladly received and proceeded to carry them into execution with prompt and portentous fidelity. WITH SUCH INJUNCTIONS IN HIS POCKET, GLENLYON PROCEEDED TO ACT THE JUDAS PART WITH CONSUMMATE SKILL. HE SUPPED AND PLAYED AT CARDS, ON THE EVENING OF THE 12TH, WITH JOHN AND ALEXANDER MACDONALD—TWO OF HIS INTENDED VICTIMS; AND HE AND HIS LIEUTENANT (LINDSAY) ACCEPTED AN INVITATION TO DINE WITH OLD MACIAN FOR THE NEXT DAY. AT FIVE O'CLOCK ON THE morning of the 13th Hamilton hoped to have secured all the eastern passes to prevent the escape of any fugitives, but, at all events, then must Glenlyon begin his work of death. ALL NOW IS SILENT OVER THE DEVOTED HAMLET. ALL ARE SLEEPING WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE TWO SONS OF MACIAN, WHO HAD BEEN LED TO ENTERTAIN SOME SUSPICIONS THAT ALL WAS NOT RIGHT. THEY HAD OBSERVED THAT THE SENTINELS HAD BEEN DOUBLED AND THE GUARD INCREASED. SOME OF THE SOLDIERS TOO HAD BEEN HEARD MUTTERING THEIR DISLIKE TO THE TREACHEROUS TASK TO WHICH THEY HAD BEEN COMMISSIONED. THE MACDONALDS, IN ALARM, CAME TO GLENLYON'S QUARTERS A LITTLE AFTER MIDNIGHT, AND FOUND HIM PREPARING, ALONG WITH HIS MEN, FOR IMMEDIATE SERVICE. THEY ASKED HIM WHAT WAS THE MEANING OF ALL THIS, AND HE, WITH DAUNTLESS EFFRONTERY, REPLIED THAT HE AND HIS MEN WERE INTENDING AN EXPEDITION AGAINST GLENGARRY, AND ADDED, "IF ANYTHING HAD BEEN INTENDED DO YOU THINK I WOULD NOT HAVE TOLD ALASTAIR HERE AND MY NIECE." THE YOUNG MEN ARE ONLY HALF satisfied, but return, although grumblingly, to their own dwellings. OVER THE VALLEY, MEANWHILE, A SNOWSTORM HAS BEGUN TO FALL, BUT DOES NOT COME TO ITS FULL HEIGHT TILL FARTHER ON IN THE MORNING. THE VOICE OF THE CONA IS CHOKED IN ICE. THE GREAT HEIGHTS BEHIND THE SINAI OF SCOTLAND ARE SILENT, THEY HAVE NO THUNDERS TO FOREWARN, NO LIGHTNINGS TO AVENGE. MACIAN HIMSELF IS SLEEPING THE DEEP SLEEP OF INNOCENCE AND SECURITY. THE FATIGUES AND MISERIES OF HIS JOURNEY TO FORT-WILLIAM AND INVERARY ALL FORGOTTEN. IS THERE NO WAIL OF GHOST, NO CRY OF SPIRIT CORONACH, NONE OF THOSE EARNEST WHISPERS WHICH HAVE BEEN HEARD AMONG THE HILLS AT DEAD OF NIGHT, AND PIERCING THE DARKNESS WITH PROPHECIES OF FATE? WE KNOW NOT, AND HAD THERE BEEN SUCH WARNING SOUNDS THEY HAD GIVEN THEIR ORACLE IN vain. SUDDENLY, AT FIVE PRECISELY, A KNOCK IS HEARD AT MACIAN'S DOOR. IT IS OPENED IMMEDIATELY, AND THE OLD MAN BUSTLES UP TO DRESS HIMSELF, AND TO ORDER REFRESHMENTS FOR HIS VISITORS. LOOK AT HIM AS HE STANDS AT THE THRESHOLD OF HIS DOOR, CLAD IN NOTHING BUT HIS SHIRT, AND HIS LONG GREY HAIR, WITH LOOKS OF FRIENDSHIP AND A CUP OF WELCOME TREMBLING IN HIS OLD HAND; AND SEE HIS WIFE HAS HALF RISEN BEHIND HIM TO SALUTE THE INCOMERS. WITHOUT A MOMENT'S WARNING, WITHOUT A PRELIMINARY WORD, HE IS SHOT DEAD AND FALLS BACK INTO HER ARMS. SHE IS NEXT ASSAILED, STRIPT NAKED, THE GOLD RINGS, FROM HER FINGERS TORN OFF BY THE TEETH OF THE SOLDIERS, AND THEN SHE IS STRUCK AND TRAMPLED ON TILL SHE IS LEFT FOR DEAD ON THE GROUND, AND NEXT DAY ACTUALLY DIES. ALL THE CLANSMEN AND SERVANTS IN THE SAME HOUSE ARE MASSACRED, ALL SAVE ONE, AN OLD DOMESTIC AND A sennachie. HE HAS BEEN UNABLE TO SLEEP ALL NIGHT WITH MELANCHOLY THOUGHTS, AND FALLING INTO A DEEP SLEEP ERE MORNING IS ROUSED BY A HORRIBLE DREAM, LEAVES THE HAMLET, DASHES THROUGH THE DOOR, DIRKS IN VAIN STRIKING AT HIS SHADOW, AND HANDS TRYING IN VAIN TO SEIZE HIS PLAID, HE RUNS TO THE HUT WHERE THE TWO BROTHERS ARE LYING AND CRIES OUT, LIKE SCREAMS OF BANSHIE through the night, "Is it time for you to be sleeping while your father is murdered on his own hearth?" THEY ARISE IN HASTE, MAKE FOR THE MOUNTAINS, AND BY THEIR KNOWLEDGE OF THE DARK AND DEVIOUS PATHS THROUGH THAT HORRIBLE WILDERNESS, ARE ENABLED TO ESCAPE. FROM EVERY HOUSE AND HUT THERE NOW RISE SHRIEKS, SHOUTS, GROANS, AND BLASPHEMIES, THE ROAR OF MUSKETS, THE CRIES OF MEN, WOMEN, AND CHILDREN BLENDED INTO ONE HARMONY OF HELL! THE SNOW IS NOW FALLING THICK, AND IS DARKENING MORE THE DARK FEBRUARY MORNING. LED THROUGH THE GLOOM, AS IF FOLLOWING THE LURID EYES OF SOME DEMONIAC BEING, THE SOLDIERS FIND THEIR WAY FROM HOUSE TO HOUSE, FROM ONE CLUSTER OF COTTAGES TO ANOTHER, RUSH IN, SEIZE THEIR VICTIMS, DRAG THEM OUT, AND SHOOT THEM DEAD. IN GLENLYON'S OWN QUARTERS NINE MEN, INCLUDING HIS OWN LANDLORD, ARE BOUND AND SHOT, ONE OF THEM WITH GENERAL HILL'S PASSPORT IN HIS POCKET. A BOY OF TWELVE CLINGS TO GLENLYON'S KNEES ASKING FOR MERCY AND OFFERING TO BE HIS SERVANT FOR LIFE, WHEN ONE DRUMMOND STABBED HIM WITH HIS DIRK AS HE WAS UTTERING A PRAYER BY WHICH EVEN GLENLYON WAS AFFECTED. AT AUCHNAIN, A HAMLET UP THE GLEN, SERGEANT BARBOUR AND HIS TROOPS CAME UPON A PARTY OF NINE MEN SITTING ROUND A FIRE, AND SLEW EIGHT OF THEM. THE OWNER OF THE HOUSE IN WHICH BARBOUR HAD BEEN QUARTERED WAS NOT HURT, AND REQUESTED TO DIE IN THE OPEN AIR. "FOR YOUR BREAD WHICH WE HAVE ATE," SAID THE SERGEANT, "I WILL GRANT YOUR REQUEST." HE WAS TAKEN OUT ACCORDINGLY, BUT WHILE THE SOLDIERS WERE PRESENTING THEIR muskets he threw his plaid over their faces, broke away and escaped up the valley. THIRTY-EIGHT PERSONS IN ALL, INCLUDING ONE OR TWO WOMEN AND A LITTLE BOY, WERE PUT TO DEATH, BUT, BESIDES, MANY WHO ARE SUPPOSED TO HAVE PERISHED IN THE DRIFTS. THE MURDERERS, AFTER MASSACRING THE INMATES, SET THE DWELLINGS ON FIRE; AND HOW GHASTLY AND LURID, ESPECIALLY TO THOSE WHO HAD ESCAPED UP THE GLEN, PERHAPS AS FAR AS THOSE MOUNTAINS CALLED THE THREE SISTERS, BOUND TO-DAY TOGETHER BY A BAND OF VIRGIN SNOW, MUST HAVE SEEMED THE EFFECT OF THE FLAMES FLASHING AGAINST THE WHITE OF THE HILLS, AND WHICH THEY KNEW WERE FED AND FATTENED BY THE BLOOD OF THEIR KINDRED! MANY FLED HALF NAKED INTO the storm, and through profound wreaths of snow, and over savage precipices, reached places of safety. The snow now AVAILS MORE TO SAVE THAN TO DESTROY SINCE ON ACCOUNT OF IT, HAMILTON WITH HIS 400 MEN WAS TOO LATE TO STOP THE EASTERN PASSES THROUGH WHICH MANY MADE THEIR ESCAPE. HAD HE COME UP IN TIME EVERY SOUL HAD PERISHED. WHEN HE ARRIVED AT [Pg 164] [Pg 165] ELEVEN THERE WAS NOT A MACDONALD ALIVE IN THE GLEN EXCEPT ONE OLD MAN OF EIGHTY, WHOSE WORM-LIKE WRITHINGS PROVE HIM still alive— One stab, one groan, and the tremendous deed Of massacre is done, at which the heath Which waves o'er all the Highland hills shall blush, And torrents wail for ages, ghosts shall shriek, Hell tremble through its dayless depths, and Heaven Weep, and while weeping grasp its thunderbolts. Beware Glenlyon's blood at you they're armed! Beware the curse of God and of Glencoe! THE ALLUSION IN THIS LAST LINE IS TO A STORY TOLD BY STEWART OF GARTH IN HIS "HISTORY OF THE HIGHLAND REGIMENTS," AND ON WHICH A BALLAD BY A DECEASED POET, B. SYMMONS, AN IRISHMAN OF GREAT GENIUS, WAS FOUNDED, AND APPEARED ORIGINALLY IN Blackwood's Magazine. THERE WAS A BRAVE OFFICER, COLONEL CAMPBELL OF GLENLYON, THE GRANDSON OF THE RUFFIAN WHO DISGRACED THE CAMPBELL NAME AND HUMAN NATURE AT GLENCOE. A CURSE WAS SUPPOSED TO REST UPON THE FAMILY, AND THE LANDS OF GLENLYON DEPARTED ROOD BY ROOD FROM HIS DESCENDANTS. THE GRANDSON, HOWEVER, WAS BROUGHT UP BY A PIOUS MOTHER, ENTERED THE ARMY, AND BECAME A PROSPEROUS OFFICER. HE WAS PURSUING HIS PROFESSION IN CANADA WHEN A ROMANTIC CIRCUMSTANCE OCCURRED. A YOUNG MAN NAMED RONALD BLAIR, A PRIVATE OF EXCELLENT CHARACTER AND TRUE COURAGE, WAS STATIONED AS A SENTINEL ON AN OUTPOST. HE LOVED AN INDIAN MAID WHO CAME EVE AFTER EVE TO MEET HIM AT HIS POST, STEERING UP THE ST LAWRENCE HER LONELY CANOE. ONE NIGHT AS SHE LEFT HIM A STORM RAGED ON THE WATERS AND EXPOSED HER and her bark to imminent jeopardy. She shrieked out her lover's name, and called for help. The waves have swamped her little boat, She sinks before his eye, And he must keep his dangerous post, And leave her there to die. One moment's dreadful strife—love wins, He plunges in the water, The moon is out, his strokes are stout, The swimmer's arm has caught her, And back he bears with gasping heart The forest's matchless daughter. MEANWHILE THE PICKET PASS AND FIND HIS POST DESERTED, AND, OF COURSE, HIS LIFE FORFEITED. HE IS CONDEMNED TO DIE, AND COLONEL CAMPBELL IS APPOINTED TO SUPERINTEND HIS EXECUTION. THE CIRCUMSTANCES TRANSPIRE. A REPRIEVE IS SENT BY THE COMMANDING OFFICER WITH SECRET ORDERS, HOWEVER, THAT THE SENTENCE BE PUSHED ON TO ALL BUT THE LAST, AND NOT TILL THE prisoner's prayers are over, and the death fillet bound, is the pardon to be produced. The morrow came, the evening sun Was sinking red and cold, When Ronald Blair a league from camp Was led erect and bold, To die a soldier's death, while low The funeral drum was rolled. THE MUSKETEERS ADVANCE TO ASK THE SIGNAL WHEN THEY ARE TO SHOOT, CAMPBELL TELLS THEM, "RESERVE YOUR FIRE TILL I PRODUCE THIS BLUE HANDKERCHIEF." THE PRAYER IS SAID, THE EYES ARE BOUND, THE DOOMED SOLDIER KNEELS. THERE IS SUCH A SILENCE THAT A TEAR MIGHT HAVE BEEN HEARD FALLING TO THE GROUND. CAMPBELL'S HEART BEATS HIGH WITH JOY AND FEAR TO THINK THAT BY DRAWING OUT THE PARDON IN HIS POCKET HE IS TO TURN DESPAIR INTO DELIGHT. HE KEEPS HIS HAND A MOMENT LONGER ON THE REPRIEVE, AND THEN DRAWS IT FORTH, BUT WITH IT DREW—O GOD, THE HANDKERCHIEF; THE SOLDIERS FIRE, RONALD BLAIR FALLS, AND HIS INDIAN MAID IS FOUND CLASPING HIS DEAD BODY TO HER BREAST AND DYING BY HIS SIDE, AND THE FRENZIED COLONEL EXCLAIMS—"THE CURSE OF Heaven and of Glencoe is here." THE TROOPS LEFT THE GLEN WITH A VAST BOOTY—900 KINE, 200 PONIES, AND MANY SHEEP AND GOATS. WHEN THEY HAD DEPARTED THE MACDONALDS CREPT FROM THEIR LURKING PLACES, WENT BACK TO THE SPOT, COLLECTED THE SCORCHED CARCASSES FROM AMONG THE RUINS, AND BURIED THEM THERE. IT IS SAID THAT THE BARD OF THE CLAN TOOK HIS PLACE ON A ROCK OPPOSITE THE SCENE OF THE MASSACRE AND POURED OUT A LAMENT OVER HIS SLAUGHTERED KINSMEN AND THEIR DESOLATE DWELLINGS. THE SUBJECT HAD BEEN WORTHY OF AN OSSIAN. THE SCENE THERE IS NOW CHANGED. A HOUSE OR TWO ONLY REMAINS WHERE SMOKED HUNDREDS OF HAPPY HEARTHS. THE THISTLE AND THE WILD MYRTLE SHAKE THEIR HEADS IN THE WINDS, AND UTTER THEIR LOW MONODY WHICH MINGLES WITH, AND IS SWELLED BY THE VOICE OF THE CONA, ALL SEEMING TO MOURN OVER CRIME, AND TO PRONOUNCE FOR DOOM. YET LET OUR CONCLUSION BE THAT OF THE JUDGE OF THE EARTH HIMSELF WHEN HE SAYS VENGEANCE IS MINE, I WILL REPAY, SAITH THE LORD, AND WHO MIXES MERCY WITH JUDGMENT, AND MAKES THE WRATH OF MAN TO PRAISE HIM IN PARDON AS WELL AS BY PUNISHMENT. YET THIS STUPENDOUS CRIME WAS NOT TO PASS WHOLLY UNPUNISHED. IT WAS A CONSIDERABLE TIME ERE ITS PARTICULARS AND AGGRAVATIONS WERE FULLY KNOWN. CONCEIVE SUCH AN ATROCIOUS MASSACRE PERPETRATED NOW! IN LESS THAN SEVEN DAYS THERE WOULD BE A CRY OF VENGEANCE FROM THE LAND'S END TO CAITHNESS. WITHIN A FORTNIGHT DEMANDS FOR THE BLOOD OF THE MURDERERS WOULD BE [Pg 166] [Pg 167] COMING IN FROM EVERY PART OF THE BRITISH DOMINIONS. IN A MONTH THE RINGLEADERS WOULD HAVE BEEN TRIED, CONDEMNED, AND HANGED, AND EVEN MR BRUCE, THE LATE LENIENT SECRETARY OF STATE, WOULD NOT VENTURE TO REPRIEVE ONE OF THEM. IT WAS DIFFERENT THEN. NOT A WORD OF IT APPEARED IN THE MEAGRE NEWSPAPERS OF THAT DAY. FLOATING RUMOURS THERE WERE, BUT THEY WERE ALL, IN MANY PARTICULAR POINTS, WIDE OF THE MARK, AND IT WAS LONG ERE THE PARTICULARS CONDENSED INTO THE TRAGIC AND TERRIBLE TALE WHICH IS CERTAINLY STRANGER THAN FICTION. VERY LITTLE INTEREST WAS THEN FELT IN HIGHLANDS FEUDS, AND AS MACAULAY TRULY SAYS, "TO THE LONDONER OF THOSE DAYS APPIN WAS WHAT CAFFRARRA OR BORNEO IS TO US. HE WAS NOT MORE MOVED BY HEARING THAT SOME HIGHLAND THIEVES HAD BEEN SURPRISED AND KILLED, THAN WE ARE BY HEARING THAT A BAND OF AMAKOSAH CATTLE-STEALERS HAD BEEN CUT OFF, OR THAT A BARKFUL OF MALAY PIRATES HAD BEEN SUNK." GRADUALLY, HOWEVER, THE DARK TRUTH CAME OUT, AND ORBED ITSELF INTO THAT BLOOD-RED UNITY OF HORROR, WHICH HAS SINCE MADE THE FIRMEST NERVES TO TREMBLE, AND THE STOUTEST KNEES TO SHAKE, WHICH HAS HAUNTED DREAMS, INSPIRED POETRY, CREATED NEW AND GHASTLY SHAPES OF SUPERSTITION, AND WHICH, EVEN YET, AS THE SOLITARY TRAVELLER IS PLODDING HIS WAY AMIDST THE SHADOWS OF AN AUTUMN EVENING, OR UNDER THE SHIVERING STARS OF A WINTER NIGHT, CAN DRENCH THE SKIN AND CURDLE THE BLOOD. NO WONDER THOUGH THE ACTORS IN THE TRAGEDY FELT, IN THEIR DIRE EXPERIENCE AFTERWARDS, THAT THE INFATUATION OF CRIME DISSOLVES THE MOMENT IT IS PERPETRATED; THAT BREADALBANE SOUGHT THE SONS OF THE MURDERED MACIAN TO GAIN IMPUNITY FOR HIMSELF BY SIGNING A DOCUMENT DECLARING HIM GUILTLESS; THAT GLENCOE HAUNTED THE COUCH AND CLOUDED THE COUNTENANCE, AND SHORTENED THE DAYS OF GLENLYON. HAMILTON APPARENTLY FELT NO REMORSE, AND HIS ONLY REGRET WAS THAT ANY HAD ESCAPED, AND THAT A COLOSSAL CRIME HAD BEEN TRUNCATED BY SOME COLOSSAL BLUNDERS. HE MIGHT HAVE SAID LIKE THE TEMPLAR IN THE TALISMAN, WHEN SOME ONE TELLS HIM TO TREMBLE, "I CANNOT IF I WOULD." AND YET AS GOD COMES OFTEN TO MEN WITHOUT BELL, SO THERE MIGHT BE SOME SECRET PASSAGE THROUGH which, on noiseless footsteps, remorse might reach even the sullen chamber of his hardened heart. MANY LESSONS MIGHT BE DERIVED FROM THE WHOLE STORY, NONE, AFTER ALL, MORE OBVIOUS AND NONE MORE USEFUL THAN THE OLD OLD STORY OF THE DESPERATE WICKEDNESS OF HUMAN NATURE WHEN UNPENETRATED BY BROTHERLY AND CHRISTIAN FEELING; AND THAT HE WHO HAS SOUNDED THE OCEAN, THE GRAVE, THE DEEPEST AND THE DARKEST MOUNTAIN CAVERN HAS YET A DEEPER DEEP TO FATHOM IN THE ABYSS OF HIS OWN HEART; AND THAT THE MORAL OF THE SUBJECT MAY BE YET MORE BRIEFLY CONDENSED IN THE ONE grand line which Shelley has borrowed from Burke:— "To fear ourselves and love all human kind." GEO. GILFILLAN. PROFESSORSHIP OF CELTIC AT OXFORD.—IN A CONGREGATION HELD ON TUESDAY, MARCH 7TH, A FORM OF STATUTE WAS PROMULGATED TO PROVIDE FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A PROFESSOR OF THE CELTIC LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE IN THIS UNIVERSITY. THE PRINCIPAL AND FELLOWS OF JESUS COLLEGE HAVE OFFERED THE SUM OF £500 ANNUALLY, TO BE APPLIED BY THE UNIVERSITY FOR THE FOUNDATION OF THE PROFESSORSHIP, AND A FURTHER SUM OF £100 IS TO BE PAID FROM THE UNIVERSITY CHEST, UNTIL AN EQUIVALENT PROVISION IS MADE FROM SOME OTHER SOURCE. THE STATUTE ALSO PROVIDES FOR THE CONSTITUTION OF A BOARD FOR ELECTING THE PROFESSOR. SUCH PROFESSOR WILL BE REQUIRED TO RESIDE WITHIN THE PRECINCTS OF THE UNIVERSITY FOR SIX MONTHS AT LEAST, IN EACH YEAR, BETWEEN THE TENTH DAY OF OCTOBER AND THE FIRST OF JULY NEXT FOLLOWING. THE PROFESSOR MUST APPLY HIMSELF TO THE STUDY OF THE CELTIC LANGUAGES, LITERATURE, AND ANTIQUITIES, AND GIVE LECTURES ON THOSE SUBJECTS, AND ALSO GIVE INSTRUCTION ON THE SAME SUBJECT TO MEMBERS OF THE UNIVERSITY. HE IS NOT TO HOLD ANY OTHER PROFESSORSHIP OR PUBLIC READERSHIP IN THE UNIVERSITY. MATTERS ARE LOOKING UP FOR THE CELTIC LANGUAGES AT LAST; THANKS TO THE REDOUBTED PROFESSOR BLACKIE. TWO CELTIC PROFESSORSHIPS ARE NOW PRACTICALLY ESTABLISHED. WE UNDERSTAND THAT CHARLES MACKAY, LL.D., F.S.A., THE WELL- known poet, and Celtic scholar, is a candidate for the Chair. THE PROPHECIES OF COINNEACH ODHAR FIOSAICHE—THE BRAHAN SEER.—JOHN NOBLE, BOOKSELLER, INVERNESS, IS ABOUT TO PUBLISH THOSE "PROPHECIES" IN SMALL BOOK FORM, COLLECTED AND EDITED BY ALEX. MACKENZIE OF THE Celtic Magazine. SOME VERY REMARKABLE INSTANCES OF SECOND SIGHT BY OTHERS THAN Coinneach Odhar WILL ALSO BE GIVEN. Parties forwarding any prophecies in their possession, or known in their district, to Mr Noble, or to Mr Mackenzie, will be conferring a favour, and will receive due acknowledgment. It is desirable to make the work as complete as possible. TEACHING GAELIC IN HIGHLAND SCHOOLS. THIS IS A QUESTION WHICH HAS FOR SOME TIME ENGAGED THE EARNEST CONSIDERATION OF MANY WHO ARE INTERESTED IN THE WELFARE OF THE HIGHLANDS. MUCH HAS BEEN SAID AND WRITTEN ON THE SUBJECT; ON THE ONE HAND BY THOSE WHO WISH TO SEE THE LANGUAGE OF THE INHABITANTS EXCLUDED FROM THE SCHOOLS—NAY MORE, USE EVERY MEANS AT THEIR COMMAND, BY WORD AND DEED, TO EXTINGUISH IT ALTOGETHER. THEY ARGUE THAT IT IS BETTER WE SHOULD ONLY POSSESS ONE LIVING LANGUAGE THROUGHOUT THE WHOLE COUNTRY, AND THAT, OF COURSE, THE LANGUAGE OF THE LEGISLATURE, THE COURTS OF JUSTICE, AND OF COMMERCE. NO DOUBT A GOOD DEAL CAN BE SAID FOR THIS VIEW OF THE CASE, AND WE SHALL HAVE SOMETHING TO SAY REGARDING IT HEREAFTER. ON THE [Pg 168] [Pg 169] OTHER HAND, WE HAVE THOSE WHO WOULD HAVE THE LANGUAGE CULTIVATED, SUPPORTED, AND MAINTAINED AS AN ACTIVE LIVING TONGUE, SPOKEN BY THE HIGHLANDER AND USED IN THE COMMON CONVERSATION AND BUSINESS OF LIFE; AND WITH THAT OBJECT HAVE IT TAUGHT IN OUR SCHOOLS JUST AS WE TEACH ENGLISH. OTHERS DO NOT EXACTLY GO THAT LENGTH. THEY WISH IT TAUGHT AS A SPECIAL SUBJECT ONLY, IN THE SAME WAY, ON THE SAME PRINCIPLE, AND WITH THE SAME ENCOURAGEMENT TO SCHOOLMASTERS AND PUPILS THAT IS GIVEN IN THE CASE OF LATIN AND GREEK, FRENCH AND GERMAN. AND LAST OF ALL, WE HAVE THOSE WHO ONLY GO THE LENGTH OF ADVOCATING ITS USE FOR CONVEYING INFORMATION TO GAELIC-SPEAKING CHILDREN REGARDING WHAT THEY READ IN THEIR ENGLISH CLASS-BOOKS—MAKING IT THE MEDIUM BY WHICH THE INTELLIGENCE OF THE PUPIL IS APPEALED TO, AND SO ENABLE HIM THE MORE EASILY AND SPEEDILY TO UNDERSTAND AND GRASP THE SUBSTANCE OF HIS LESSONS IN ENGLISH, A LANGUAGE WHICH IS TO HIM AS MUCH A foreign one as Sanscrit or Hindustani. ON THE PRESENT OCCASION WE SHALL REFER MORE PARTICULARLY TO THE LATTER—THOSE WHO WISH TO GIVE GAELIC THE DIGNITY OF BEING TAUGHT AS A SPECIAL SUBJECT, AND THOSE WHO ONLY WISH IT APPLIED AS A MEANS WITH WHICH TO REACH THE INTELLIGENCE OF THE CHILD WHILE RECEIVING AN ENGLISH EDUCATION. WE WILL ADMIT AT THE OUTSET, THAT THE PRIMARY OBJECT OF EDUCATION IN THE HIGHLANDS, AS WELL AS ELSEWHERE, MUST BE TO FIT THE CHILDREN FOR THE ACTIVE DUTIES OF AFTER LIFE. WE WILL ALSO ADMIT THAT A GAELIC EDUCATION, HOWEVER PERFECT, IS NOT ENOUGH FOR THIS PURPOSE. IF THIS BE SO—AND NO WRITER POSSESSED OF ORDINARY COMMON SENSE CAN REASONABLY DISPUTE IT—THE TEACHING OF GAELIC IN OUR HIGHLAND SCHOOLS CAN BE DISCUSSED ONLY AS A QUESTION OF SECONDARY IMPORTANCE; UNLESS WE CAN SHOW THAT IT IS THROUGH THE NATIVE LANGUAGE OF THE SCHOLARS THAT WE CAN BEST APPEAL TO THEIR INTELLIGENCE; AND, THAT WHILE GIVING GAELIC ITS PROPER PLACE IN OUR SYSTEM OF HIGHLAND EDUCATION, WE CAN ALSO SHOW THAT WE ARE TAKING A MORE DIRECT AND MORE NATURAL COURSE, IN THE END, TO SECURE A MORE INTELLIGENT AND vastly superior English education. NO ONE APPROACHING THE SUBJECT WITH AN UNPREJUDICED MIND, AFTER GIVING THE SMALLEST CONSIDERATION TO THE SUBJECT, CAN MAINTAIN THAT A SYSTEM WHICH WHOLLY IGNORES THE ONLY LANGUAGE KNOWN TO THE CHILD WHEN HE ENTERS SCHOOL FOR THE FIRST TIME, CAN BE EITHER A SENSIBLE, A REASONABLE, OR A SUCCESSFUL ONE. IT IS DOUBTFUL IF EVER SUCH A SYSTEM WAS ADOPTED ANYWHERE ELSE, AT HOME OR ABROAD, OUT OF THE HIGHLANDS OF SCOTLAND, AND THE GAELIC-SPEAKING DISTRICTS OF IRELAND; BUT WHETHER, OR NOT, IT WAS EVER ADOPTED IN THE PAST WE ARE UNABLE, AT THE PRESENT DAY, TO DISCOVER ANY TRACE OF SUCH AN UNNATURAL, SENSELESS, AND, WE MIGHT SAY WITHOUT EXAGGERATION, IDIOTIC SYSTEM IN ANY OTHER PART OF THE WORLD. THE DISADVANTAGES OF SUCH A PLAN OF TEACHING ARE SO APPARENT TO EVERY ONE EXCEPT THOSE TEACHERS AND THEIR FRIENDS, WHO ARE TOTALLY IGNORANT OF THE LANGUAGE OF THE CHILDREN THEY ARE SO WELL PAID TO TEACH AND WHO, FROM THE MANNER IN WHICH THEY DISREGARD THE NECESSITIES OF CHILDREN IN HIGHLAND DISTRICTS, MUST, WE ARE AFRAID, BE HELD TO PLACE THEIR OWN INTERESTS AND THAT OF THEIR CLASS FAR ABOVE THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE COUNTRY; FORGETTING THAT THE LEGISLATURE PASSED THE EDUCATION ACT NOT SO MUCH IN THE INTEREST OF TEACHERS AS WITH THE VIEW TO SECURE A REALLY SUBSTANTIAL EDUCATION TO THE PUPILS. WE MUCH REGRET THAT THERE SHOULD BE ANY NECESSITY TO POINT THIS OUT, AS THE INTEREST OF BOTH TEACHERS AND CHILDREN SHOULD BE identical; but this clearly cannot be, so long as teachers maintain and advocate a system contrary to reason and common SENSE, AND OPPOSED TO EVERY SYSTEM OF EDUCATION THROUGHOUT THE CIVILIZED WORLD; AND, INDEED, QUITE THE REVERSE OF WHAT THEY DO THEMSELVES IN THE CASE OF ALL OTHER LANGUAGES TAUGHT BY THEM, EXCEPT THAT OF ENGLISH TO GAELIC-SPEAKING CHILDREN. WHEN THE PUPIL IS SUFFICIENTLY ADVANCED IN ENGLISH TO JUSTIFY THE TEACHER IN TAKING UP ANY OF THE SPECIAL SUBJECTS, DOES HE, FOR INSTANCE, WHILE TEACHING LATIN OR GREEK, FRENCH OR GERMAN, BEGIN BY THROWING ASIDE THE KNOWLEDGE OF ENGLISH ALREADY ACQUIRED BY HIS PUPIL, AND COMMENCE TO TEACH THESE FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN THE SAME WAY ADOPTED BY HIM IN TEACHING THE CHILD ENGLISH—A LANGUAGE QUITE AS FOREIGN TO HIM AS LATIN OR GREEK, FRENCH OR GERMAN? DOES HE BEGIN WITH A LATIN SPELLING BOOK WITHOUT ANY TRANSLATIONS IN ENGLISH AND TEACH HIM THESE LANGUAGES ON THE SAME PARROT SYSTEM BY WHICH HE MANAGED TO GET HIM TO PRONOUNCE AND READ ENGLISH, IN MOST CASES WITHOUT EVER HAVING CARRIED WITH HIM THE INTELLIGENCE OF HIS PUPILS? NOT HE. HE KNOWS BETTER. IF HE WERE FOOLISH ENOUGH TO TEACH LATIN AND OTHER FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN SUCH A WAY, HE WOULD SOON DISCOVER THAT HIS LABOURS WERE MAINLY THROWN AWAY, AND THAT HE WOULD EARN FEW SPECIAL GRANTS BY THE TIME HIS PUPILS LEFT HIM. IF IT BE SO VERY ABSURD TO TEACH ALL OTHER LANGUAGES, ON SUCH A FALSE AND RUINOUS PLAN, UPON WHAT REASONABLE GROUNDS CAN THE SYSTEM BE MAINTAINED IN THE CASE OF TEACHING ENGLISH TO A GAELIC-SPEAKING CHILD? WE ARE AFRAID THE ONLY VALID REASON WHICH CAN BE GIVEN IS,—THAT OUR TEACHERS ARE, AS A RULE, QUITE IGNORANT OF GAELIC, AND UNABLE TO TEACH IT; AND FORSOOTH! THE INTERESTS OF THE RISING GAELIC-SPEAKING GENERATION ARE TO BE SACRIFICED TO SUIT THE CONVENIENCE OF THOSE PAID OFFICIALS WHO ARE QUITE UNSUITABLE, AND WHO SHOULD NEVER HAVE BEEN APPOINTED TO TEACH HIGHLAND CHILDREN UNTIL THEY HAD ACQUIRED A KNOWLEDGE OF THE LANGUAGE; ANY MORE THAN WE WOULD THINK OF ENGAGING A TEACHER INNOCENT OF ANY KNOWLEDGE OF ENGLISH TO TEACH FOREIGN LANGUAGES TO A CHILD BORN AND BRED IN THE MIDLAND COUNTIES OF ENGLAND. WOULD ANY ONE IN HIS SENSES EVER THINK OR DREAM OF SUCH A PROPOSAL? AND YET THIS IS WHAT SOME people maintain to be the correct thing to do in the Highlands of Scotland. GOVERNMENT HAS ALREADY ADMITTED AND PROVIDED IN THE CODE FOR TESTING THE INTELLIGENCE OF THE CHILDREN THROUGH THEIR NATIVE TONGUE; BUT THIS CONCESSION IS QUITE USELESS WHERE THE TEACHER IS IGNORANT OF GAELIC, AND WORSE THAN USELESS WHERE THE EXAMINING INSPECTOR IS POSITIVELY UNABLE TO TEST THEM AS PROVIDED FOR BY THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT. WOULD IT NOT HAVE BEEN BETTER STILL HAD IT MADE PROVISION TO REACH AND ROUSE THE INTELLIGENCE THROUGH, AND BY MEANS OF IT. THE LEGISLATURE HAS ALSO MADE OTHER SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR THE PECULIAR SITUATION AND EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE HIGHLANDS, AND WE FEEL SURE, IF IT CAN BE SHOWN TO BE A NECESSITY, THAT THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT WILL ALSO ALTER THE CODE SO AS TO PUT TEACHERS WHO MAY POSSIBLY BE KEPT BACK A LITTLE IN THE FIRST TWO STANDARDS, IN CONSEQUENCE OF ANY TIME THAT MAY BE LOST IN TEACHING GAELIC, IN A MORE FAVOURABLE POSITION, AND SO ENABLE THEM TO DRAW THE SAME GRANT AS IF THEY DEVOTED THEIR WHOLE TIME TO THE EXCLUSIVE TEACHING OF ENGLISH. WE FEEL SURE THAT NO ONE WHOSE OPINION IS WORTHY OF THE SLIGHTEST CONSIDERATION, WILL, FOR A MOMENT, ATTEMPT TO ARGUE AGAINST A SYSTEM OF TEACHING CHILDREN THROUGH THE ONLY language which they understand. TO TEACH THUS, SUCCESSFULLY, IT WOULD BE BEST TO ADOPT CLASS BOOKS AND GRAMMARS IN THE EARLIER STAGES, IN BOTH LANGUAGES, [Pg 170] [Pg 171] AS IS DONE ELSEWHERE, IN EVERY CASE WHERE A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IS TAUGHT. THESE MIGHT BE GIVEN UP, WHEN THE PUPIL ARRIVED AT THE THIRD STANDARD. AFTER THIS HE COULD PICK UP ALL THE REQUISITE KNOWLEDGE OF GAELIC WITH LITTLE DIFFICULTY; FOR BE IT OBSERVED, WE ARE AT PRESENT ONLY ADVOCATING THE USE OF GAELIC AS A medium FOR IMPARTING A SOUND AND INTELLIGENT ENGLISH EDUCATION. WE ARE HAPPY TO KNOW THAT IT IS STILL THE PRACTICE, PARTICULARLY IN THOSE DISTRICTS WHERE A SNOBBISH APING OF COCKNEYISM HAS YET FAILED TO OVERPOWER AND CRUSH OUT THE OLD DEVOTIONAL SPIRIT OF THE GAEL, FOR THE PARENTS TO CONDUCT FAMILY WORSHIP, AT LEAST TWICE A DAY, BY THE READING OF A CHAPTER AND A PSALM OUT OF THE GAELIC BIBLE, WHILE THE CHILDREN, WHO COME TO THE AGE OF DISCRETION, HAVE TO FOLLOW THE READER IN THEIR GAELIC BIBLES, AND THUS THEY SOON LEARN TO READ GAELIC PERFECTLY. WE THINK IT, THEREFORE, QUITE UNNECESSARY TO TEACH GAELIC BEYOND THE STAGE AT WHICH IT FAILS TO BE USEFUL IN HELPING TO A BETTER AND MORE INTELLIGENT UNDERSTANDING OF THEIR ENGLISH CLASS-BOOKS, EXCEPT TO THOSE WHO ARE TO BECOME MINISTERS OR SCHOOLMASTERS; WHEN THE TEACHER, IN THE CASE OF SMART BOYS, SHOULD BE ENCOURAGED TO TAKE IT UP and teach it as a Special Subject. WE FULLY APPRECIATE, AND MAKE ALLOWANCE FOR, THE DIFFICULTY TO BE OVERCOME IN PROVIDING A SPECIAL SET OF GAELIC AND ENGLISH ELEMENTARY SCHOOL-BOOKS SPECIALLY SUITED FOR THE HIGHLANDS, AND WOULD BE DISPOSED TO FOREGO THE unquestionable advantages derivable from them were we satisfied that the teachers were capable and willing to make up TO SOME EXTENT FOR THE DEFECT BY FULLY EXPLAINING THE MEANING OF THE ELEMENTARY ENGLISH LESSONS TO THE CHILDREN THROUGH THEIR MOTHER TONGUE; AND THEN TEACH GAELIC AS A SPECIAL SUBJECT IN THE MORE ADVANCED STANDARDS TO THOSE WHO INTENDED TO CONTINUE THEIR EDUCATION WITH THE VIEW OF FOLLOWING ANY OF THE LEARNED PROFESSIONS. WE HAD AMPLE AND CONCLUSIVE PROOF THAT GAELIC READING CAN BE ACQUIRED BY GAELIC-SPEAKING CHILDREN IN A VERY SHORT TIME. NOT LONG AGO THE GAELIC SOCIETY OF INVERNESS OFFERED PRIZES IN THE PARISH OF GAIRLOCH TO THE BEST GAELIC SCHOLARS; FOR THE BEST READING, THE BEST spelling, and THE BEST TRANSLATIONS FROM GAELIC INTO ENGLISH, AND FROM ENGLISH INTO GAELIC. WE WERE INFORMED BY SOME OF THE TEACHERS THAT BEFORE THESE PRIZES WERE OFFERED THEY NEVER TAUGHT GAELIC TO THE CHILDREN; AND EVEN WHEN THEY DECIDED TO COMPETE, ONLY TAUGHT IT PRIVATELY AFTER ORDINARY SCHOOL HOURS. THE PROGRESS MADE, AS EXHIBITED BY THE EXAMINATION WAS, ON SUCH SHORT NOTICE, REALLY MARVELLOUS. THE READING AND SPELLING WERE ALMOST PERFECT, AND THE TRANSLATIONS WERE SUCH THAT WE BELIEVE TRANSLATIONS FROM ENGLISH TO LATIN AND GREEK, OR vice versâ, OF EQUAL FAITHFULNESS WOULD SECURE A BURSARY IN SOME OF OUR UNIVERSITIES. WE ARE WRITING FROM ACTUAL EXPERIENCE, HAVING TAKEN A PART IN THE EXAMINATION; AND ONE SINGLE FACT OF THIS KIND OUGHT TO HAVE MORE WEIGHT IN ARGUMENT THAN ALL THE THEORIES WHICH THOSE WHO ARE IGNORANT OF the facts can propound. WE HAVE REPEATEDLY HEARD AND SEEN OBJECTIONS MADE THAT A GAELIC EDUCATION WAS CALCULATED TO HINDER THE GAELIC- SPEAKING CHILD IN HIS PROGRESS IN ENGLISH, AND THAT HE COULD NOT OVERCOME THE DIFFICULTY OF ACQUIRING A CORRECT ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION WITH THE SAME EASE AND FACILITY AS IF FIRST TAUGHT TO READ IT. WE HAVE EVEN HEARD IT STATED SERIOUSLY THAT A HIGHLANDER WHO READ AND WROTE GAELIC COULD NEVER BE A GOOD ENGLISH WRITER, AND WERE CHALLENGED TO PROVE THE contrary. WHEN WE FIRST WENT TO SCHOOL WE KNEW NOT A SINGLE WORD OF ENGLISH. WE ATTENDED ONE WHERE IT WAS THE RULE THAT NO ENGLISH WAS TO BE TAUGHT UNTIL WE WERE ABLE TO READ THE GAELIC TESTAMENT, AFTER WHICH WE HAD TO TRANSLATE OUR BIBLE LESSON ON ALTERNATE MORNINGS FROM ENGLISH INTO GAELIC, AND FROM GAELIC INTO ENGLISH. THERE WERE EIGHT OR NINE OTHER SCHOOLS IN THE PARISH, IN ONE ONLY—THE GIRLS' SCHOOL—IN WHICH THE SAME RULE WAS APPLIED. WE HAD AN EXCELLENT TEACHER WHO TAUGHT LATIN AND GREEK (AND WE THINK, IN ONE INSTANCE, HEBREW) TO THE MORE ADVANCED PUPILS. WE HAVE MADE ENQUIRIES AS TO THE RESULT, AND FIND THAT FROM FORTY TO FIFTY OF THE BOYS WHO WERE TAUGHT IN OUR SCHOOL HAVE RAISED THEMSELVES TO GOOD SOCIAL POSITIONS THROUGHOUT ENGLAND, THE SOUTH OF SCOTLAND, AND THE COLONIES. THE FEW WHO REMAINED AT HOME ARE KNOWN TO BE THE MOST INTELLIGENT AND BEST INFORMED IN THE PARISH; AND THE GREAT MAJORITY OF THOSE WHO HAVE BEEN EDUCATED ON THE SYSTEM NOW IN FASHION HAVE FORGOTTEN ALL THEY HAVE EVER LEARNED AND HAVE TAKEN TO THE herring fishing, while a miserable existence about their parents' crofts is enough to satisfy their highest ambition. IT IS QUITE UNNECESSARY TO PROVE THAT THOSE WHO ADVANCED THEIR SOCIAL POSITION FROM HOME, HAVE ACQUIRED A BETTER PRONUNCIATION THAN THOSE WHO HAVE NEVER LEFT IT, AND WHO HAVE FORGOTTEN ALL THEY WERE EVER TAUGHT; AND IN REPLY TO THE OBJECTION THAT THOSE WHO ARE TAUGHT GAELIC CAN NEVER WRITE ENGLISH WITH THE SAME EASE AND FLUENCY AS THOSE WHO OBTAIN AN EXCLUSIVELY ENGLISH EDUCATION, WE ASSERT THAT THOSE OF OUR HIGHLAND COUNTRYMEN WHO KNEW, SPOKE, AND WROTE GAELIC BEST ARE PRE-EMINENT AMONGST US AS THE BEST WRITERS OF ENGLISH—SUCH, FOR INSTANCE, AS "OLD" NORMAN MACLEOD; THE LATE DR NORMAN MACLEOD; DR MACLEOD OF MORVEN AND HIS THREE SONS; SIR JAMES MACKINTOSH; DR MACKINTOSH MACKAY; JOHN MACKENZIE OF THE "BEAUTIES OF GAELIC POETRY;" DR MACLAUCHLAN; DR CLERK, KILMALLIE; SHERIFF NICOLSON; MR CAMERON OF RENTON; JAMES MACPHERSON, OF OSSIANIC FAME; DR KENNEDY, DINGWALL; MR BLAIR, GLASGOW; "NETHER- LOCHABER;" D. MACKINNON, EDINBURGH; THE MACDONALDS OF FORT-WILLIAM AND OF THE "TIMES;" AND MANY OTHERS WE COULD MENTION. WE SHALL BE DELIGHTED TO SEE PRODUCED A LIST OF WRITERS FROM THE HIGHLANDS, EVEN IF POSSESSED OF THE SO-CALLED QUALIFICATION OF A TOTAL IGNORANCE OF THE GAELIC LANGUAGE TO EQUAL THESE MEN IN ENGLISH COMPOSITION. THE CONTENTION OF OUR OPPONENTS IS REALLY SO IRRATIONAL AND ABSURD AS TO BE UNWORTHY OF NOTICE, WERE IT NOT THAT WE SEE MEN OF POSITION SERIOUSLY GIVING EXPRESSION TO SUCH ABSURDITIES. WE HAVE EVEN SEEN A GENTLEMAN WHO HAS BEEN ELEVATED SINCE, MUCH TO the surprise of the profession, to the position of an inspector of schools, stoutly maintaining it in large type in the columns OF ONE OF OUR NORTHERN NEWSPAPERS. SUCH ARGUMENTS AMOUNT TO THIS—THAT A REAL AND THOROUGH KNOWLEDGE OF HIS NATIVE LANGUAGE, WHETHER IT BE GAELIC, ENGLISH, OR FRENCH, IS A DRAWBACK AND A DISQUALIFICATION FOR ACQUIRING AND WRITING A FOREIGN ONE, AND THAT THE GREATER HIS IGNORANCE OF HIS NATIVE TONGUE THE GREATER THE PROFICIENCY OF A SCHOLAR IN A FOREIGN ONE; WHILE COMMON SENSE, (WHICH IS UNFORTUNATELY, IN EDUCATIONAL CIRCLES, SOMETIMES, AND ESPECIALLY ON THIS QUESTION, very uncommon), and all the experience of the past go to prove the very opposite. IT IS PLEASANT TO FIND THE RATIONAL VIEW MAKING STEADY PROGRESS EVEN AMONG THOSE WHO WERE UNDERSTOOD FOR A LONG TIME TO HOLD A DIFFERENT OPINION. MR JOLLY, HER MAJESTY'S INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS, WHO IS UNFORTUNATELY IGNORANT OF THE NATIVE [Pg 172] [Pg 173] LANGUAGE OF THE CHILDREN WHOM HE EXAMINES PROFESSIONALLY, EXPRESSED HIMSELF UNFAVOURABLE TO TEACHING GAELIC IN HIGHLAND SCHOOLS, BEFORE HE HAD TIME TO EXAMINE THE QUESTION FOR HIMSELF; BUT HAVING LOOKED THE MATTER IN THE FACE, AND GIVEN IT SERIOUS CONSIDERATION, WE ARE GRATIFIED TO FIND HIM STATING AT THE LAST ANNUAL MEETING OF THE GAELIC SOCIETY THAT HE BELONGED TO THE CLASS WHO DESIRED THAT GAELIC SHOULD BE USED FOR GETTING AT THE INTELLIGENCE OF THE CHILDREN WHEN READING ENGLISH; AND WHO AFTERWARDS WISHED THE GAELIC LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE TO BE INTRODUCED WHEN THE CHILDREN HAD MASTERED THE MECHANICAL DIFFICULTIES OF READING, AND WERE ABLE TO ENTER INTO THE MEANING AND SPIRIT OF WHAT THEY READ. "ALTHOUGH A LOWLANDER HE HAD EVERY SYMPATHY WITH THOSE WHO DESIRED TO PRESERVE THE GAELIC; AND HE HELD EXACTLY THE SAME VIEWS ON THE SUBJECT OF GAELIC TEACHING AS ARE HELD BY PROFESSOR BLACKIE, THE REV. ALEX. MACGREGOR, AND DR CLERK, KILMALLIE." WE HAVE A PRETTY GOOD IDEA AS TO WHAT THE REV. MR MACGREGOR'S VIEWS ON THE QUESTION ARE, AS WELL AS PROFESSOR BLACKIE'S, AND ARE THEREFORE QUITE SATISFIED WITH MR JOLLY'S. THE PROFESSOR, WE ARE HAPPY TO SAY, HAS ENGAGED TO GIVE EXPRESSION TO HIS, IN A DEFINITE FORM, ON AN EARLY DATE IN THESE PAGES; AND WE FEEL SURE THAT THEY WILL SATISFY ALL REASONABLE men. WE ATTACH GREAT VALUE TO THE EXPRESSION OF SUCH AN OPINION AS MR JOLLY'S, ARRIVED AT AFTER MATURE DELIBERATION AND OBSERVATION OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE HIGHLANDS; FROM ONE WHO IS HIMSELF A STRANGER TO THE LANGUAGE, AND WHO WOULD NATURALLY BE PREJUDICED AGAINST IT; FOR WE MUST KEEP IN MIND THAT IN EXPRESSING SUCH A FAVOURABLE OPINION HE WAS TO SOME EXTENT WEAKENING HIS OWN POSITION AS AN INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS, UNABLE TO EXAMINE IN A LANGUAGE WHICH HE HONESTLY AFFIRMED, AND WITH A CANDOUR WHICH DESERVES ACKNOWLEDGMENT, OUGHT TO BE USED, AND AT A CERTAIN STAGE TAUGHT IN THE SCHOOLS. WE ARE QUITE SATISFIED TO PLACE THIS OPINION AGAINST THE VIEWS OF ANOTHER INSPECTOR IN THE NORTH, WHOSE ONLY REPLY to THE ADVOCATES OF GAELIC IN OUR SCHOOLS IS—THAT SUCH A SYSTEM WOULD LIMIT THE SPHERE FROM WHICH TO CHOOSE TEACHERS —FORGETTING, OR CHOOSING TO IGNORE, THAT THE TEACHERS OUGHT AND MUST ACCOMMODATE THEMSELVES TO THE SYSTEM WHICH ALL RATIONAL MEN ADMIT TO BE THE ONLY TRUE AND SUCCESSFUL ONE, AND THE ONLY ONE PRACTISED EVERYWHERE ELSE OUT OF THE HIGHLANDS. A GENTLEMAN WHO COULD PUBLICLY USE SUCH AN ARGUMENT AS, "IF THE LANGUAGE OUGHT TO BE KEPT ALIVE BY BEING TAUGHT IN SCHOOL, SURELY EDINBURGH AND GLASGOW ARE THE PLACES WHERE THIS SHOULD BE DONE, WHERE THE CHILDREN KNOW nothing of it, and not in the Highlands where the children already speak it with fluency,"—is perfectly innocent of the real question at issue, and deserves little notice or attention in the controversy. WE HAVE BY NO MEANS EXHAUSTED THE SUBJECT, BUT SHALL, MEANWHILE, CONTENT OURSELVES BY LAYING DOWN THE FOLLOWING PROPOSITIONS:—(1), THAT IT BEING AN ACKNOWLEDGED EDUCATIONAL PRINCIPLE THAT THE UNKNOWN CAN ONLY BE MADE SUCCESSFULLY KNOWN THROUGH THE KNOWN; AND AS THIS PRINCIPLE IS NOT ONLY ACKNOWLEDGED BUT PRACTISED EVERYWHERE ELSE OUT OF THE SCOTTISH HIGHLANDS WE MUST HOLD IT TO BE THE ONLY RATIONAL ONE TO ADOPT THERE ALSO; UNLESS IT CAN BE SHOWN THAT THE HIGHLANDER IS CONSTRUCTED INTELLECTUALLY ENTIRELY DIFFERENT FROM THE REST OF HUMANITY. WE MUST THEREFORE, TO BE RATIONAL, TEACH THE UNKNOWN ENGLISH THROUGH THE KNOWN GAELIC: (2), WE MUST ADAPT THE CODE TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASE: (3), OUR TEACHERS MUST KEEP IN MIND THAT AFTER ALL, THEY ARE ONLY A PART (ALTHOUGH A VERY IMPORTANT PART), OF THE SYSTEM BY WHICH PARLIAMENT HAS WISELY DECIDED TO PLACE EDUCATION WITHIN THE REACH OF EVERY CHILD IN SCOTLAND, AND IF IT CAN BE SHOWN—AND IT IS SELF-EVIDENT—THAT TEACHERS WHO ARE IGNORANT OF THE GAELIC LANGUAGE ARE NOT COMPETENT OR SUITABLE TO CARRY OUT THE INTENTIONS OF THE LEGISLATURE, THEY MUST JUST ACCOMMODATE THEMSELVES TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THEIR POSITION, AND QUALIFY PROPERLY TO DISCHARGE THEIR DUTIES BY ACQUIRING A SUFFICIENT KNOWLEDGE OF GAELIC TO ENABLE THEM TO IMPART EDUCATION ACCORDING TO THE ONLY RATIONAL SYSTEM, IN USE, IN ALL CIVILISED COMMUNITIES: (4), TO GET THE FULL BENEFIT OF THE CONCESSIONS ALREADY MADE BY THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT AS TO THE TESTING OF THE CHILD'S INTELLIGENT UNDERSTANDING OF HIS ENGLISH READING BY MEANS OF HIS NATIVE LANGUAGE, IT IS ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY THAT OUR INSPECTORS OF SCHOOLS SHOULD HAVE A SUFFICIENT KNOWLEDGE OF GAELIC TO ENABLE THEM TO TEST THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE children as intended by the Department, and now provided for, in the Code. THE GREAT AND PRIMARY QUESTION IS, HOW TO IMPART A SOUND EDUCATION TO THE RISING GENERATION? THE MEANS—THE TEACHING STAFF—ARE ONLY IMPORTANT IN SO FAR AS THEY SERVE TO BRING ABOUT THE GREAT END AND PRINCIPAL OBJECT OF ALL—AN EDUCATION IN the true sense of the term.[A] A. M. FOOTNOTES: Since the above was in type Mr Fraser-Mackintosh, M.P., has given notice of his intention, upon Friday, 31st March, to call attention to the Scottish Education Code of 1876, and to move a resolution on the subject of Gaelic teaching in the schools in Gaelic-speaking districts. GENERAL SIR ALAN CAMERON, K.C.B., COLONEL 79TH CAMERON HIGHLANDERS. [CONTINUED.] [Pg 174] [A] [Pg 175] CHAPTER IX. THE first duty which Major Cameron had now (1794) imposed on him by his "Letter of Service" was to recommend the OFFICERS FROM THE "HALF-PAY LIST" TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH HIM IN RAISING THE REGIMENT. IN THE DISPOSITION OF THESE HE WAS TO A CERTAIN EXTENT UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF HIS OWN INCLINATION TO HAVE AS MANY AS HE COULD, OF HIS OLD AMERICAN BROTHER- OFFICERS, WITH HIM IN THE UNDERTAKING. AFTER THE SELECTION WAS MADE, THE NAMES WERE SUBMITTED TO THE WAR OFFICE AND APPROVED. REFERENCE TO THE LIST OF OFFICERS SELECTED WILL PROVE THAT MAJOR CAMERON WAS NOT UNMINDFUL OF HIS BROTHER- OFFICERS OF THE "ROYAL EMIGRANT REGIMENT," HIS CHOICE CONSISTING OF FIVE OFFICERS OF THE CLAN M'LEAN, WHILE TWO ONLY BELONGED TO HIS OWN. THE REASON OF THE NUMERICAL DIFFERENCE WILL BE UNDERSTOOD TO BE, IN CONSEQUENCE OF THE ABOVE STATED RESTRICTIONS. WHEN THE "HALF-PAY LIST" WAS EXHAUSTED, BY DISTRIBUTION AMONG THE NUMEROUS CORPS BEING EMBODIED, AND MAJOR CAMERON WAS RELEASED FROM THE WAR OFFICE REGULATIONS, THE COMMISSIONS IN THE REGIMENT WERE ALWAYS GIVEN to his Lochaber relatives, as the army list of subsequent years will testify. ALTHOUGH MAJOR CAMERON HAD BEEN, BY THIS TIME, ABSENT FROM LOCHABER A NUMBER OF YEARS, YET HE WAS NOT AN ENTIRE STRANGER, FOR HE WAS FROM TIME TO TIME HEARD OF. HE HAD BEEN ADVISED BY HIS BROTHER THAT THE RAGE AND IRRITATION OCCASIONED BY THE RESULT OF THE DUEL HAD GREATLY SUBSIDED, IF NOT, INDEED, ENTIRELY DISAPPEARED, AND THAT HIS ARRIVAL IN THE COUNTRY WAS NOT AT ALL LIKELY TO REVIVE THEM. ON RECEIPT OF THIS INTELLIGENCE MAJOR CAMERON, WITH POLITIC CALCULATION, ARRANGED THAT HE SHOULD ARRIVE IN HIS NATIVE PLACE ON ONE OF THE FIRST DAYS OF NOVEMBER, WHICH ARRANGEMENT WOULD GIVE HIM THE OPPORTUNITY OF MEETING THE GREATER PART OF THE COUNTRY PEOPLE OF ALL CLASSES, THIS BEING THE WEEK OF THE WINTER MARKET AT FORT-WILLIAM. THE IDEA ALSO STRUCK HIM THAT, AS HE WAS TO BE ENGAGED IN "HIS MAJESTY'S SERVICE," THE GOVERNMENT MIGHT GIVE HIM, FOR HIS OWN AND HIS OFFICERS' ACCOMMODATION, QUARTERS IN THE GARRISON. HIS APPLICATION TO THE BOARD OF ORDNANCE, TO THIS EFFECT, PROVED SUCCESSFUL, AND THE BUILDING KNOWN AS "GOVERNMENT HOUSE" WAS PLACED AT HIS DISPOSAL. HIS FAMILY, AT THIS TIME, CONSISTED OF THREE SONS, RESPECTIVELY NAMED PHILIPS, DONALD, AND NATHANIEL; THE FIRST AND LAST AFTER THEIR MOTHER'S FATHER, AND THE OTHER AFTER HIS OWN FATHER (HE OF THE '45). THE ELDEST TWO ACCOMPANIED HIM TO THE HIGHLANDS, AND REMAINED THERE LONG ENOUGH TO ACQUIRE SOME ACQUAINTANCE WITH THE GAELIC LANGUAGE, AN ACQUISITION WHICH THEY OFTEN DECLARED AFTERWARDS TO HAVE SERVED THEM ADVANTAGEOUSLY IN THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE SOLDIERS OF THE 93d. THE DAY AT LAST ARRIVED WHEN ALAN, AFTER AN ABSENCE OF TWENTY-ONE YEARS, WAS TO LOOK AGAIN ON HIS NATIVE HILLS, AN EVENT WHICH, NO DOUBT, GLADDENED AND WARMED HIS HIGHLAND HEART. IT IS STATED THAT HE TIMED HIS FIRST APPEARANCE TO TAKE PLACE ON THE LAST DAY OF THE MARKET, AND HE OBSERVED IT PUNCTUALLY. THIS ENABLED THE PEOPLE, IF SO INCLINED, TO MEET HIM WITHOUT interfering with their business affairs. His brother was most useful to him in making proper preparations for his reception. QUITE A MULTITUDE WENT OUT TO MEET HIM AND HIS COMPANIONS, A MILE OR SO, AND ACCORDED HIM A MOST ENTHUSIASTIC RECEPTION. IT HAS, INDEED, BEEN SAID, THAT THE OVATION AND THE ESCORT OF THAT DAY RESEMBLED MORE THAT USUALLY AWARDED TO AN ILLUSTRIOUS CONQUEROR THAN THAT TO A MERE FIELD-OFFICER OF THE BRITISH ARMY. ALAN GAVE INSTRUCTIONS TO MAKE THAT AND SUBSEQUENT DAYS A CARNIVAL OF HOSPITALITY—FEASTING AND REJOICING WITHOUT LIMIT. AFTER A REASONABLE TIME, HOWEVER, FESTIVITIES MUST TERMINATE, AND BUSINESS COMMENCE. A WRITER OF RIPE EXPERIENCE, ON HIGHLAND SUBJECTS, ADVERTS TO THE ANXIOUS STATE OF PUBLIC FEELING AT THIS TIME [B]—"IN 1793, AND THE SUCCEEDING YEARS, THE WHOLE STRENGTH AND RESOURCES OF THE UNITED KINGDOM WERE CALLED INTO ACTION. IN THE NORTHERN CORNER A FULL PROPORTION WAS SECURED. A PEOPLE STRUGGLING AGAINST THE DISADVANTAGES OF A BOISTEROUS CLIMATE AND BARREN SOIL, COULD NOT BE EXPECTED TO CONTRIBUTE MONEY. BUT THE PERSONAL SERVICES OF YOUNG AND ACTIVE MEN WERE READY WHEN REQUIRED FOR THE DEFENCE OF THE LIBERTY AND INDEPENDENCE OF THEIR COUNTRY." PRODUCING SO MANY DEFENDERS OF THE STATE, AS THESE GLENS HAVE DONE, THEY OUGHT TO HAVE BEEN SAVED FROM a system which has changed the character of, if not altogether extirpated, their hardy inhabitants. CHAPTER X. THE BUSINESS OF "RAISING" THE REGIMENT WAS NOW (1793-94) TO COMMENCE IN REAL EARNEST, AND AS IT WAS THE MAJOR'S DESIRE THAT THE COMPLEMENT SHOULD BE MADE UP OF AS MANY AS HE COULD INDUCE TO JOIN FROM HIS OWN AND THE ADJACENT DISTRICTS, HIS OFFICERS AND HIMSELF VISITED EVERY PART ROUND ABOUT, AND WITH SO MUCH SUCCESS THAT, BETWEEN LOCHABER, APPIN, MULL, AND MORVEN, 750 MEN WERE COLLECTED AT FORT-WILLIAM, WITHIN A PERIOD OF LESS THAN TWO MONTHS; AT ANY RATE THE OFFICIAL ACCOUNTS RECORD THAT NUMBER TO HAVE BEEN INSPECTED AND APPROVED BY GENERAL LESLIE ON THE 3D JANUARY (1794).[C] GENERAL STEWART STATES, "IN THE INSTANCE OF THE EMBODIMENT OF THE 79TH NO BOUNTY WAS ALLOWED BY GOVERNMENT, AND THE MEN WERE THEREFORE RECRUITED AT THE SOLO EXPENSE OF MR CAMERON AND HIS OFFICERS; NEVERTHELESS THE MEASURE OF THE SUCCESS WILL BE UNDERSTOOD BY THE EARLY DATE OF THEIR INSPECTION AT STIRLING, WHERE THEY RECEIVED THE DENOMINATION OF THE 79TH CAMERON HIGHLANDERS." THE MAJOR WAS NOW DESIROUS TO REPAIR AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE PLACE APPOINTED FOR INSPECTION, THAT HE MIGHT GET HIS CORPS NUMBERED, AND WITH THAT DETERMINATION, ORDERED EVERY MAN TO BE IN READINESS FOR THE JOURNEY SOUTHWARDS. GREAT WAS THE EXCITEMENT IN THE LITTLE VILLAGE ADJOINING THE GARRISON OF FORT- WILLIAM, ON THAT WINTER'S MORNING, WHEN CAMERON AND HIS FOLLOWERS COLLECTED ON ITS PARADE-GROUND, TO HAVE THE ROLL CALLED BY "OLD ARCHIE MACLEAN" (THEIR FIRST ADJUTANT), PREPARATORY TO BIDDING FAREWELL TO LOCHABER—A LAST FAREWELL BY THE GREATER PART OF THEM. THE NEAREST AND DEAREST MUST PART, AND SUCH WAS THE CASE WITH THE LOCHABERMEN AND THEIR FRIENDS, NOW THAT "THEY PROMISED TO HELP KING GEORGE." WITH ALAN AT THEIR HEAD, THIS DEVOTED BAND FILED OFF IN WELL REGULATED ORDER, MARCHING WITH STEADY STEP THROUGH THE VILLAGE, THE PIPERS LEADING, PLAYING THE WELL-KNOWN MARCH —"Gabhaidh sinn an rathad mor" (WE'LL KEEP THE HIGH ROAD), WHILE LARGE NUMBERS OF THE COUNTRY PEOPLE CONVOYED THEM ON THEIR ROUTE A CONSIDERABLE DISTANCE, RELUCTANT TO GIVE THE FINAL FAREWELL; DEFERRING IT TILL THEY WERE REMINDED THAT THEY HAD NOW A LONG WAY TO GO BACK. THEIR AFFECTION PROBABLY LAID THEM UNDER A SPELL THAT "FAREWELL WAS SUCH SWEET [Pg 176] [Pg 177] SORROW, THEY COULD NOT SAY FAREWELL TILL TO-MORROW." A STRING OF HORSES PRECEDED THEM, TO DIFFERENT STAGES, WITH THEIR CREELS WELL PROVIDED WITH CREATURE COMFORTS DESIRABLE FOR THEIR LONG JOURNEY, ALONG INDIFFERENT PATHS, AND OVER BLEAK MOUNTAINS, TO STIRLING. AT THAT SEASON OF THE YEAR, THE WEATHER WAS VERY SEVERE, AND THE ABSENCE OF ANY HABITATIONS ON THE WAY DID NOT ADMIT OF ANY HALTING; THEREFORE IT WAS DECIDED TO CONTINUE THEIR ONWARD COURSE WITHOUT INTERRUPTION, EXCEPT THE SHORT INTERVALS NECESSARY FOR REFRESHMENTS. THIS DECISION ENABLED THEM TO REACH THE RENDEZVOUS AT NOON OF THE THIRD DAY, WHEN AFTER A DAY OR TWO'S REST, DRILLING WAS RESUMED WITHOUT INTERMISSION, IN CONSEQUENCE OF WHICH PERSISTENCY, THE CORPS WERE IN A FAIR STATE OF ORDER BY THE TIME THE INSPECTING OFFICER ARRIVED. "THE CAMERON HIGHLANDERS" UNDERWENT THIS ORDEAL OF MILITARY AND MEDICAL INSPECTION TO THE GENERAL'S ENTIRE SATISFACTION, AND HE DULY REPORTED THE RESULT TO THE WAR OFFICE, AND, BEING THE FIRST TO BE SO REPORTED THE CORPS RECEIVED THE FIRST AND SUBSEQUENT NUMBER OF 79TH (THE 78TH, MACKENZIE'S ROSS-SHIRE REGIMENT, HAD BEEN COMPLETED IN THE MONTH OF MARCH OF THE PREVIOUS YEAR). MEANWHILE THE EXIGENCIES OF THE SERVICE BECOMING PRESSING, THE "OFFICE" WAS INDUCED TO DISPATCH URGENT ORDERS TO CAMERON TO AUGMENT THE REGIMENT WITH THE NECESSARY 250 MEN TO RAISE IT TO A TOTAL STRENGTH OF 1000 RANK AND FILE. IN OBEDIENCE TO THIS SUMMONS, HE, WITH OTHERS OF HIS OFFICERS, LOST NO TIME IN RETURNING TO THE DISTRICTS OF THE HIGHLANDS FROM WHENCE THEY CAME. IF FURTHER PROOF WERE NEEDED OF THE POPULARITY OF CAMERON, THE FACT THAT HE COLLECTED THE 250 RECRUITS WANTED, AND REPORTED THEM AT THE SAME PLACE (STIRLING), IN THE SHORT SPACE OF FIVE AND TWENTY DAYS, WILL BE SUFFICIENTLY CONVINCING. WHEN THE 1000 MEN WERE COMPLETED ON THE 30TH JANUARY (1794), ALAN WAS ADVANCED TO THE LIEUTENANT-COLONELCY OF THE REGIMENT! [D] THIS MARVELLOUS RAPIDITY MAY BE CONTRASTED WITH THE FACT, THAT WHEN MR CAMERON OF FASSIFERN WAS OFFERED A COMPANY IN THE CORPS BEING RAISED BY THE MARQUIS OF HUNTLY IN THE FOLLOWING MONTH OF FEBRUARY, HE WAS OBLIGED TO HAVE RECOURSE TO THE ASSISTANCE OF HIS BROTHER-IN-LAW, MACNEIL OF BARRA, TO COMPLETE THE NUMBER OF 100 MEN. HE COULD ONLY SECURE NINETEEN MEN IN HIS OWN DISTRICT OF LOCHABER, NOTWITHSTANDING THAT HE WAS AIDED BY THE PERSONAL INFLUENCE OF HIS COUSIN LOCHIEL. ALAN CAMERON DID NOT SEEK, NOR DID HE RECEIVE THE SLIGHTEST FAVOUR from the Chief of his clan, for reasons which may be subsequently referred to.[E] CHAPTER XI. THE COLOURS FOR THE 79TH HAD BEEN PREPARED, AND IMMEDIATELY ON ITS BEING REGISTERED THEY WERE PRESENTED (1794), AFTER WHICH THE REGIMENT RECEIVED THE ROUTE FOR IRELAND. THERE THEY REMAINED TILL THE FOLLOWING JUNE, WHERE THEIR UNIFORM REACHED THEM, WHICH, BEING THE HIGHLAND DRESS, WAS SIMILAR TO THAT OF THE OTHER HIGHLAND CORPS, EXCEPT IN THE MATTER OF "FACINGS," WHICH WERE GREEN. ALTHOUGH THE TARTAN OF THE CLAN CAMERON IS ONE OF THE HANDSOMEST PATTERNS; THE GROUND AND PREVAILING COLOUR BEING RED, IT WAS THOUGHT UNSUITABLE FOR WEAR WITH THE SCARLET JACKET; BUT THAT WAS NOT A SUFFICIENT REASON FOR ITS NON-ADOPTION AS THE TARTAN OF THE "CAMERON HIGHLANDERS," INASMUCH AS THE TARTAN WORN (THE STEWART) BY THE 72D IS OF STILL BRIGHTER COLOUR THAN THE CAMERON. NEITHER OF THESE WAS THE REAL REASON WHICH CAUSED THE CLAN TARTAN'S non-adoption by the 79th.[F] ALAN CHOOSE RATHER TO HAVE A TARTAN OF HIS OWN (OR RATHER HIS MOTHER'S) DESIGN. THAT PATTERN IS SO WELL KNOWN AS TO NEED NO DESCRIPTION. THE FIRST SUPPLY WAS PROVIDED BY MESSRS HOLMS OF PAISLEY (NOW OF GREENHEAD, GLASGOW), AND DESIGNATED THE "CAMERON EARRACHD," AS DISTINGUISHED FROM THAT OF THE CAMERON PROPER. IT IS THE PATTERN CHOSEN BY THE HIGHLAND COMPANY OF THE LIVERPOOL RIFLE CORPS, AND BY THE 2D LOCHABER COMPANY, OF WHICH Lochiel was captain.[G...