TheC aseA gainsTth eC asfeo rC hrist ThCea fsoeCr h rist: TheC asea gainst A New TestamenStc holaRre futes LeeS trobel RoberMt. P rice 2010 AmeriActahne Pirsets s CranofrdN,e w Jersey ISBI0N : 15 -748-8005-8 ISB1N:39 718--58748-005-2 AmeriActahne Pirsets s P0.. B ox18 5 Cranfo0r7d0, 1N6J Voic(e9:0 287)6 -7300 FAX(:9 0287)6 -7402 wwwt.haeoirsgt s. Copyr©i 2g01h0tby A meriActahne Pirsetas lsrl,i grhetsse rNvope ador.ftt his pubclaitimoanyb er eprodsutcoeirdnea, dr etriseyvsatolert m r,a intstmiend anfyo romrb ya nmye aneslt,er conmiecc,h anpihcoatlo,c orpeycionrogdr,i ng, otherwwiiotsuhept,r iworri tpteernmi ioosnfts hpeu lbisehxecrie,ntp htce a soef briqeufo tationsi nce rmibtaoirdcltiaeiaelcsnd rd e views. PubliFsehberdu2 a0I0r y Prtienidnt hUen itSetdao tfAe msre ica LbiraorfCy o ngrCeastsga ilnogP-uibcnla-itDiaotna PriRcoeb,teM .r,1 594- Thcea saeg aitnhcseat s eC hfsrotir N :e wTae s tamsecnhtror leafutLeese StroIRb oeble Mr.P tr ice. p.e m. Inclbuidbelsi ogrraepfheiracenanidlcdn eesx . ISNB-1937:18- -5748-800(5a-lp2ka .p er) ISBN0-:15I- 7 884-(0a0lp5ka-.p8 e r) I.S trloL,be ee1,59 2C-asfeoC rh ri2.sC th.r istianityl-ti-eCroantturroev.e rsial 3.J esCuhrsi st--aPneodrffi scoens . C4h.r iJsets-ut-syH I.iT. s ittolrei.c i BT203.2S071703 7 232.-9-'d0c822 2009054035 DedicaTtoe d My GeneroFursi end DaviFd. P arks CONTENTS Inotdrucnt:Mi yoO wnI nvesti....g....a....t...i....o....n... ........... 9 Par1t:E xamintihneg Wre..c.•k..a..g...e.. ..............1..5.. ........... ChaptOenreT :h eU ttLearc okf E yewitEnveisdse nce 17 TheG ospeAlsr eN otB iograph..i...e...s.. ......... ChaptTewro :T estintgh eE videnocfet heG ospels 57 Do theG ospelSst anUdp toS cruti.n..y...?... ... ChaptTehrr eTeh:eM anuscErviipdte nce DoW e HavWeh att hEev nageliOsritgsi nally 95 Wrote..?... ......................................................... ChapteFro urN:o CorroboraEtviindge nce 10 9 No ReporteCrosv eretdh eJ esuBse at........ .... ChaptFeirv Teh:e S tones Keep Mum HowB ibliAcrcahla eoDlioggUsyp a W orld 121 withoJuets u..s... ............................................. ChapteSri xA: Butt-LooafEd v idence TheJ esuSse minaarn dM ainstreBaimb lical Resea..r...c...h... .................................................. l PatrI IU:s iJnegs ausasV entriloDquumims.y..t. ..'....s..1. 6 3 ChaptSeevre nT:h eI dentCirtiys is Did Jesus MtehNmeio crieCznreee ed? 156 ........ Chpater ETihge·h Pts:y choolfHo egrye sy MustA pologiBsetC sr azWyh enT heyS ay 177 JesuBse lievHeed W asG od?.. ....................... ChaptNeirn eT:h eP iffieE vidence CouladF iniJteesC uosrr espoinnAd n y 158 Wayt oa nI nfiniGtoed ?.. ............................... ChaptTeern T:h eF inger-PEaviindte nce 159 A Messo fM essianPirco phe.c...y.. ................ 8 RobeMr.tP riTcheeC: a sAeg aiTnhseCt a seF orC hrist ParItI RIa:t ionatlhiReze isnugr recti.o.n. .205 ............. . ...... . ... ChpateErl eveDena:Md a nW alking TheS woonT heor..y.. ............................2..0.7... ... ChapteTrw elveT:h eE videnocfet heE mptyA rgument WasJ esuBso'd y EEvveerIn n aT omb? 271 ........ ChpateTrh irtTeheeAn p:p eraanocefE vidence WasJ esSuese innL inaet 233 BurgeKri ng( ofK ings.)..?.. ........................... ChapteFro urteTehne:C ircumcisEivoind ence IsaS upernatuRreaslue rcrtitohnBe e st ExplanatfioroF no lnkosL ongTerri mming TheiSro nFso'r eskins? 251 ................................... ConclusTihoen l:Fu aroiefA poolget..i.c..s.. ......2.5. 5. .... . . . ... ... Bilbiography 259 ........................................................................ ScripItdnuerxe . ....... .. ... ....2.7.3. .. ...... ........ . . ... . ... .... . ......... ... . .... . . SujbecItdn ex . ..... ...279 ................................ ..... .. . . .. ................. . .. 9 INTRODUCTION My Own Investigation oum igwhatn ttok notwh iIstm. ig hhte lypo ut oe vuaaltweh at Y fololwsY.o us eteh,o uigithos b viIod usisa grderteai scwailtlthyh e ReverLeenSedt rosbienIlca ema tetmpttiorn egfu htiem Id, i ndo stt art myj ournwehyee rh ed iads,a s kepatniadcn A theIinsf catt.I,b egan wherheee nduepda nd ararthi iavsbe adn dostnaerdpt oiinIngp t r.a yed tor eceJievsCeuh sr iinsmttyo h eaarsmt y p erssoanva,ial os mr yS udnay Schotoela cthoelmrde I s houalted l,e vyeenao rlsd S.u rpasmsyi ng youncgo ntempoIrw aarxeibdeo slt,dow itnteoms ysf aitthoa lwlh o woulltide ssnc:h oolpmeaotpseliset,n t eixtntogm eo nt hbeu pse,o ptloe whoImh andoeudt eevilasnttgricacti snp ubplliacc ecet,.se ,tI ch .a mdy daidleyv otainocdno sen sfsaenduy n kionrrd i stqhuoeu agssh oto ansi t poppedm yom netnot alo rmIp. o onrioetvdes rc rieep vteudrrya ys,e eking edificiantt hiseto rnta ofirgwhatrecdah inogfts h Nee wT estaemnatn d allegortihzOeil ndIlg .o vc.heudra cnahdt e tndtehdr seeer vaiw ceeesIk t. consummeeb,du Itd onw'atnt tom akiest o ubnaddI w .a asn a dolescent zealbouittkt, e pt moeft roouuatbn liden stwiiltlmheeidan l ong-lasting lovforet hCeh srtiitarinat diosne,no sfdae u ttyot hCeh risettihaainncd , ane ndlfesascsi nawtiittohhBn ei bIls etl.sil t uidatyv iidntlh yhe o poefs undenrdsitinaetgv ebre tter. Ir ememwbheerIn flierarnsetd ,a s weintoshfse u rparnirdse el, oi fe f Chrisatpioalno gtehdteeie fcnsso:eft hfeia tbhya ppaelitnoig th sit sorical credaelnIstw .ia ss atiswfiitfehaid t( hw hitchhe dsaey Isw oulcda ll "supposbiutititf oh ne"wr)eer, ge o odda tgao,or de asfoornb se,l ieving thaitat l hla ppewneeldsl,om, u cthh bee ttAenrdI!s awi mmediately thaed vanotfaa pgeo logfeoret viacenslgm i.Isc oualpdp enaotlto,m ere sujbectibvuittsot m hf,eac tAsn.di frtu strtahtdeea dy lioguhottf ms e whefrni entdows h omIe xpla"itnheeevd i defornt chere e suirornde"ic td noatc ctehpte Icm aasdeHe o.w c outlhdeb yes ob ilnd? Ironliymc,ya d loubts andw eqraued e iesrctotiu otngsr oofwt thhi s inetreisnat p ologIek tnieciwswt .a sam attoefbr a shiocn yet shtaIt hatdo p lcaem ys,ef lorft hmeo menitnt, h seh ooefst huen beliife ver Iw erteoe vatleeu aacahgr umefnortt hhesi torJiecsaoulrsf ,orB bile accurIak cnyei.wwt o ubledp honforym et ot rtyoc onviontchebe yr s usianrgg umtehnaItt s dnioadtc tlyult ahiwnekrc eo gendti.'d wtnaI n t tou saen tya ctsaiaycn ,y thtihnamgti gwhotr k,i fwa esIr ae usceadr deaolream r e rper opadgiasOntb.v iyo,au tfs ilIrt shto utghhaetr guments 10 RobeMr.tP riTcheeC:a sAeg aiTnhseCt a seF oCrh rist Iw asp ickuipfn orgm r eiandJgo hWna rwiMcokn tgeormyF,.'BF r.u ce,2 JosMhc DoweainJod,t 3h ersp4r ewdteatrrnyge o oBdu!ot n ciet beac ame mattoefer v uaaltpirnogb lsaitbaiigrcu menwtesi,g heivnigd emnuccoehf, iitm postsoi bvlemeru icofyhf,i a tm bigufoouunsid,it m Ip ostsofi albll e bacoknf iatahsI o nchea Ad.n d ttohrimse mnetI.ek dn eIww assi lpping bacfokrm p rcehai"nggo noedw tso" eanitne"irgntogvo ide wIws a.ts"h e leaodfem ryc ampIutnseV rar syiC thrisFteilalno gworsuhpIiw. pa tsh eir chipelfa nonfee vra enilgsteivce nAtnsdI.w asi ncreadseipnrgelsys ed abotuhtne a ggqiunegs t"iWohnai:tfI 'wmr no g?A s goaosid lt ookIs , mightb ewr ong!A" ndf aitwha esl udmiens,gil ppianwga y. Agaiinr oniaclatllh wliayss,h appeantti hnvege rtyi mmeyw ider acquainwtiatCnhhc rei slttieiraanwt aussr heo wmient gh aetva nlgiecal Chsrtiiawnaist yia nnt ereasntdci onmgp rehweonrslidvveIi w eaws. excittobe eda ssioactweidti ht -iwfe ritetr ! uF eoarf we yeiantr hse mide-vsentImi aedsie,mt y b usitnoev sissa intid n terevviaenlwgi ecal writaenrldse adwehresn eIvc eoru Ils do.u gthhtew iirs dnoomlt,e atsot buttress fmaiyt hu.n easy JohWnarw icMko ntgoHmiersyt&,o C ryh rist(iDaonwinGtyer rosvI en:t er­ VarsiPtrye 1s9s7,4 ). 2 F.F. BrucTheeN, e w TestameDnotc umentAsr:eT heyR eliabl(eG?r aRnadp ­ idEse:rm dan5s',eh d 1.9,6 109,7 B2r)u;c Trea,di tiOolnda: n dN ew.C ontempo­ rary EvaPnegreslpie(ccGatrlia Rvnaeidps d Zso:n der1v9a7n0,) . 3 JoshcD oMwlele,d.M ,o rEev icdeetn hDaetm andVser idacH ti:s torical Evidefnortc heCesh risStcirainp( tAurwrrheoesaS dp riCnagmsp:Cu rsu sfaodre Chri1s9t7,5 ). J.NA.nDd.e rCshorins,t ianTihteyW :i tnesosfH istorAy L.a wyer'Asp ­ proach( LondToynnd:aP lree 1s9s6,A9 n)d;e rTshoeE nvi,d enfcoer t heR esur­ recti(oDn ownGerrosvl en:t esriVPtaryre 1s9s6,A6 n)d;e rAs Loanwy,e arm ong thTehe olog(iGarnaRsnap di dEse:r dm1a9n7s4,M)i c;ha elG reeMna,nA ilve! (DownGerrosvI en:t er-PrVeasr1ss9,i7) t;1Ey d wiMn.Y amauTchhSei t,o nes and theS �ripturEevs.a ngePleiprcesaclt i(vNeYJs:. BL.i ppincott/Holman, 1972Y)a;mua chJies,u sZo,r oasteBru,dd ha,S ocrateMsuh,a mmad (Downers GrovIen:t esriVPtaryre rsesv,e. d .1,9 72I).H;o waMradr slhlLau,k eH:i sto­ riana ndT heologiCaon.n tempEovraanrgye Pleircsaple ctivReapsi d(sG:r and Zonder1v9a7n4M),a; rh asl,lI Beliinte hHveie s toJreiscIuaB sle. l iSeevrei es · # 5 (GraRnapdi dEse:r dm,a1 n9s7R7a)l;Pp .hM a rtMianr,kE :v aenlgiansdt TheologiCaon.n tpeomraErvyae nlgiPcearlcs tpie(vGersaR nadp iZodnsd:e rvan, 197G3e)o;r ge ElIdB oenli eiLvneat hdeRd e,su rrecotifJo ens usIB. elieve Se­ rie2s( #G raRnadp iEdesr:d m1a9n7sK5,e) n;n Ge.tH ha wkiTnhesC ha,l lenge ofR eligSitouud(siD eoswr nsGe rovlen:t errsViPatrye 1s9s7,H3 e)r;b Beutrtte r­ fielCdh,r istainaHdni istty(o Lryoo nndF:o nt1a9n5a8,) .