The Cambridge Handbook of Social Problems The introduction of the Affordable Care Act A. Javier Treviño, Professor of Sociology at in the United States, the increasing use of pre- Wheaton College, is the author and editor of scription drugs, and the alleged abuse of racial several books, including The Social Thought of profiling by police are just some of the factors C. Wright Mills (2012), Investigating Social Prob- contributingtotwenty-first-centurysocialprob- lems, second edition (2018), The Development of lems. The Cambridge Handbook of Social Prob- Sociological Theory: Readings from the Enlighten- lems offers a wide-ranging roster of the social ment to the Present (2017), and C. Wright Mills problems currently pressing for attention and andtheCubanRevolution:AnExerciseintheArt amelioration. Unlike other works in this area, it of Sociological Imagination (2017). He has served also gives great consideration to theoretical and as president of the Justice Studies Association methodological discussions. The Handbook will (2000–2002) and as president of the Society for benefit both undergraduate and graduate stu- the Study of Social Problems (2010–2011). He dentseagertounderstandthesociologyofsocial was a visiting research Fellow at the University problems.Itissuitableforclassesinsocialprob- of Sussex, UK (2006), was a Fulbright scholar lems, current events, and social theory. Featur- to the Republic of Moldova (2009), and, since ing the most current research, the Handbook is 2014, has been a visiting professor in Social and anespeciallyusefulresourceforsociologistsand Political Theory at the University of Innsbruck, graduatestudentsconductingresearch. Austria. Published online by Cambridge University Press Published online by Cambridge University Press The Cambridge Handbook of Social Problems (cid:2) 1 Volume Edited by A. Javier Treviño WheatonCollege,Massachusetts Published online by Cambridge University Press UniversityPrintingHouse,Cambridgecb28bs,UnitedKingdom OneLibertyPlaza,20thFloor,NewYork,ny10006,USA 477WilliamstownRoad,PortMelbourne,vic3207,Australia 314–321,3rdFloor,Plot3,SplendorForum,JasolaDistrictCentre,NewDelhi-110025,India 79AnsonRoad,#06-04/06,Singapore079906 CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781108426169 doi:10.1017/9781108656184 (cid:2)C CambridgeUniversityPress2018 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2018 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabySheridanBooks,Inc. AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Names:Treviño,A.Javier,1958–editor. Title:TheCambridgehandbookofsocialproblems/editedbyA.JavierTreviño, WheatonCollege,Massachusetts. Description:NewYork,NY:CambridgeUniversityPress,2018.| Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Identifiers:lccn2017042226|isbn9781107121553(2vol.set:hardback:alk.paper)| isbn9781108426169(vol.1:hardback:alk.paper)|isbn9781108426176 (vol.2:hardback:alk.paper) Subjects:LCSH:Socialproblems. Classification:lcchn18.3.c362018|ddc306.4/61–dc23 LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2017042226 isbn 2VolumeSet978-1-107-12155-3Hardback isbn Volume1978-1-108-42616-9Hardback isbn Volume2978-1-108-42617-6Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracy ofurlsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. Published online by Cambridge University Press Contents AbouttheContributors page vii 5. SocialProblemsinGlobal Perspective 77 Introduction xi YvonneA.Braunand part i MichaelC.Dreiling GENERALCONCERNSAND 6. BridgingSocialMovementsand ORIENTATIONSINTHESTUDY SocialProblems 99 OFSOCIALPROBLEMS JaimeKucinskas 1. TheChallengesof 7. PublicSociologyandSocial ConceptualizingSocial Problems 119 Problems 3 JoshuaMeiselandMaryVirnoche JosephSchneider 8. ServiceSociologyandSocial 2. ResearchMethods 23 Problems 133 AmirMarvasti A.JavierTreviño 3. ParticipatoryActionResearch 9. Astrosociology:SocialProblems andSocialProblems 39 onEarthandinOuterSpace 149 RandyStoecker JimPass 4. PublicPolicyandSocial 10. ProspectsfortheSociological Problems:RecentTrendsinthe StudyofSocialProblems 169 FormalControlofIndividual JoelBestandDonileenR.Loseke Behavior 57 MarkPeyrotandStacyLeeBurns v Published online by Cambridge University Press vi contents part ii 20. SexualitiesandHomophobia 363 HISTORICALAND CatherineA.Gildae THEORETICALISSUESINTHE 21. PovertyandIncomeInequality: STUDYOFSOCIALPROBLEMS ACross-NationalPerspectiveon 11. SettlementSociology 185 SocialCitizenship 385 PatriciaLengermannand EikoStraderandJoyaMisra GillianNiebrugge 22. HousingMarketDiscrimination 409 12. ChicagoSchool:CityasaSocial W.DennisKeating Laboratory 203 23. HungerandFoodInsecurity 423 RogerSalerno StephenJ.Scanlan 13. Luhmann’sSociologicalSystems 24. Ageism,PastandPresent 441 TheoryandtheStudyofSocial Problems 221 W.AndrewAchenbaum WernerSchirmerand 25. Disabilities 459 DimitrisMichailakis RobynLewisBrown 14. TheConflictApproach 241 part iv StevenE.Barkan PROBLEMSOFINSTITUTIONS 15. RadicalInteractionismand theSymbolismof 26. MediaandtheConstructionof Methamphetamine 259 SocialProblems 477 MichaelA.Katovich WilliamHoynes 16. SocialConstructionism 279 27. FamilyProblems 497 PeterR.IbarraandMichaelAdorjan DonnaHolland 28. ProblemsinEducation 513 part iii PeterA.J.Stevens,MariosVryonides, PROBLEMSOF andA.GaryDworkin DISCRIMINATIONAND INEQUALITY 29. ProblemsoftheWorkplaceand Workforce 531 17. Racism 303 HéctorL.Delgado HeatherM.Dalmage 30. Long-TermUnemploymentin 18. Immigration 319 theUnitedStates 551 CeciliaMenjívarand OferSharone,DavidL.Blustein,and AndreaGómezCervantes CarlE.VanHorn 19. GenderInequality 339 Index 567 WilliamJ.Scarboroughand BarbaraJ.Risman Published online by Cambridge University Press About the Contributors W. Andrew Achenbaum, to combat ageism, Yvonne A. Braun is Associate Professor in the retired from the University of Houston to the Departments of Women’s and Gender Studies InstituteforSpiritualityandHealth. and International Studies at the University of Oregon specializing in gender, intersectionality, Michael Adorjan has applied social construc- internationaldevelopment,environment,global- tionismtoexamineyouthcrimedebatesandpol- ization, social movements, and inequality. Her icyresponses,Stockholmsyndromeasavernacu- recent scholarship has appeared in Gender & larresource,andpublicsociology.Heiscurrently Society, Social Problems, Global Ethics, Interna- researchingyouthandcyberrisk. tionalFeministJournalofPolitics,JournalofEnvi- ronmentalManagement,andCambridgeJournalof StevenE.BarkanisProfessorofSociologyatthe Regions,Economy,andSociety. UniversityofMaine.Heisapastpresidentofthe SocietyfortheStudyofSocialProblemsandalso Robyn Lewis Brown, PhD, is Associate Profes- oftheTextbookandAcademicAuthorsAssocia- sor of Sociology at the University of Kentucky, tion. where she also serves as chair of the under- graduate Health, Society, and Populations pro- JoelBestisProfessorofSociologyandCriminal gram. Her work emphasizes gender differences Justice at the University of Delaware. His most in experiences of health, illness, and disability recentbookisSocialProblems(2017). and frames both gender and disability as funda- mentalsourcesofsocialandeconomicinequality. DavidL.BlusteinisProfessorintheDepartment ofCounseling,Developmental,andEducational Stacy Lee Burns is Professor and past Chair of PsychologyintheLynchSchoolofEducationat the Department of Sociology at Loyola Mary- Boston College. His research, writing, practice, mount University in Los Angeles. She recently advocacy,andteachinghavebeendevotedtocre- servedaschairoftheCrimeandJuvenileDelin- ating a broad and inclusive approach to under- quency Division of the Society for the Study standingtheroleofworkinpeople’slives,opti- of Social Problems and is author of Making Set- mally encompassing everyone who works and tlement Work: An Examination of the Work of whowantstowork. JudicialMediators(2000),editorofEthnographies vii Published online by Cambridge University Press viii aboutthecontributors of Law and Social Control (2008), and coeditor WilliamHoynesisProfessorofSociologyatVas- (withMarkPeyrot)ofNewApproachestoSocial sar College in Poughkeepsie, New York, where ProblemsTreatment(2010). hehasservedasdirectorofboththeMediaStud- ies and American Studies programs. He is the Andrea Gómez Cervantes is a doctoral candi- author of Public Television for Sale (1994) and dateintheDepartmentofSociologyattheUni- coauthor, with David Croteau, of The Business versity of Kansas with specializations in global- ofMedia(2005)andMedia/Society(2015). ization and sociology of families. Her research focusesonimmigrantfamilies,immigrationpol- Peter R. Ibarra is Associate Professor in the icy,race/ethnicity,andsocialinequality. Department of Criminology, Law, and Justice at the University of Illinois at Chicago. Most Heather M. Dalmage is Professor of Sociology recently, he has published work in Crime, Law, andDirectoroftheMansfieldInstituteforSocial and Social Change; Journal of Technology in Justice at Roosevelt University in Chicago. She Human Services; and International Journal of hasauthoredandeditedfourbooksandisafor- OffenderTherapyandComparativeCriminology. mer Fulbright scholar at the University of Kwa ZuluNatal,SouthAfrica. Michael A. Katovich is Professor of Sociology at Texas Christian University. His publications Héctor L. Delgado, the author of New Immi- includeavarietyofapproaches,includingethno- grants, Old Unions: Organizing Undocumented graphic participant observation, experimental Workers in Los Angeles (1994), is a Professor of laboratorystudies,andcinematicanalyses. SociologyandformerchairoftheDepartmentof SociologyandAnthropologyattheUniversityof W. Dennis Keating is Emeritus Professor of LaVerneandtheExecutiveOfficeroftheSoci- Urban Studies and Planning, Department of etyfortheStudyofSocialProblems. Urban Studies,College ofUrban Affairs,Cleve- land State University. He has published widely Michael C. Dreiling is Professor of Sociology onhousing,cities,andneighborhoods(including attheUniversityofOregonspecializinginpolit- his 2016 history of Cleveland’s historic Tremont ical and environmental sociology. He is author neighborhood) and is a past president of the oftwobooks(mostrecentlyAgentsofNeoliberal HousingandBuiltEnvironmentResearchCom- Globalization [2016]) and numerous articles and mitteeoftheInternationalSociologicalAssocia- is presently working on a comparative study of tion. thenetworkpowerofenergyindustries. JaimeKucinskas is Assistant Professor of Sociol- A. Gary Dworkin is Professor of Sociology and ogy at Hamilton College. Her research interests former chair of the Department of Sociology, spansocialmovementsandthesociologyofreli- University of Houston, and currently serves as gion,inequality,andculturalchange. president of Research Committee 04 (Sociol- Patricia Lengermann is Research Professor of ogy of Education) of the International Socio- SociologyattheGeorgeWashingtonUniversity. logical Association. His teaching, research, and She has been writing with Gillian Niebrugge publications include several books and articles since 1985. Their primary scholarly work is in on teacher burnout, student dropout behavior, the history of sociology and feminist sociologi- minority–majority relations, gender roles, and caltheory–mostnotably,TheWomenFounders: schoolaccountabilityandhigh-stakestesting. SociologyandSocialTheory1830–1930(2007),the CatherineA.GildaeisSeniorLecturerinSoci- chapter on the complex history of the rela- ology at Northeastern University. She holds a tionship of sociology and social work in the PhD in Law, Policy, and Society, and her work American Sociological Association centennial emphasizes how law and public policy interact history Sociology in America (2007), and several withandshapefamilylife,especiallyforLGBTQ article-lengthstudiesofthehistoryofsettlement people. sociology. Lengermann and Niebrugge are the founders of the ASA Section on the History of DonnaHolland, PhD, is Associate Professor of Sociology. Sociology and the Director of the Center for Social Research at Indiana University–Purdue DonileenR.LosekeisProfessorofSociologyat University Fort Wayne. Her research inter- the University of South Florida and the 2016– ests include resilience, family, foster care, and 2017 president of the Society for the Study of disaster. Social Problems. Her current interests focus on Published online by Cambridge University Press aboutthecontributors ix relationships between narrative and the politics theCEO,aboardmember,andanexecutiveedi- ofmeaningina“postfact”world. toroftheJournalofAstrosociologyattheAstroso- ciology Research Institute, a 501(c)3 nonprofit Amir Marvasti’s research focuses on identity organizationestablishedin2008. work in everyday encounters and institutional settings.Healsohasanactivepublicationrecord Mark Peyrot is Professor and former chair of onthepedagogyofqualitativeresearch. Sociology at Loyola University Maryland. He published (with Stacy Burns) the edited collec- Joshua Meisel is Associate Professor of Soci- tion New Approaches to Social Problems Treat- ology at Humboldt State University and past ment, vol. 17 (2010) in the Research in Social coordinator of the MA in Public Sociology. Problems and Public Policy series which is He is codirector of the Humboldt Institute relatedtothetopicoftheirchapter,andtheyare for Interdisciplinary Marijuana Research (www currentlycollaboratingonarelatedmonograph. .humboldt.edu/hiimr) and author of a forth- comingCaliforniaGeographerarticle,“Hiddenin Barbara J. Risman is Professor of Sociology at PlainSight:CannabisCultivationintheEmerald the University of Illinois at Chicago and presi- Triangle.” dent of the Board of Directors of the Council on Contemporary Families. Professor Risman’s Cecilia Menjívar is Foundation Distinguished bookWheretheMillennialsWillTakeUs:ANew ProfessorintheDepartmentofSociologyatthe Generation Wrestles with the Gender Structure University of Kansas. Her work focuses on the (2018) offers a revision of her gender structure manifestations of state power; on the form of theory and illustrates it with qualitative inter- enforcement practices and the creation of legal views with a gender-diverse sample of young statuses;andontheeverydaylivesofimmigrants, adults. primarilyfromCentralAmerica. RogerSalernoisProfessorofSociologyatPace DimitrisMichailakis,PhD,isProfessorofSoci- University in New York City, where he teaches ology and Social Welfare in the Department of coursesinurbansociology,gender,andsocialthe- Social and Welfare Studies, Linköping Univer- ory.HismostrecentbookisBoyhoodandDelin- sity,Sweden.HeisresearchdirectorforPlatform quencyin1920sChicago(2017). forTheory-DrivenResearchinSocialWork. Stephen J. Scanlan is Associate Professor of Joya Misra is Professor of Sociology and Pub- Sociology at Ohio University. His research lic Policy at the University of Massachusetts, areas include environmental sociology, inter- Amherst. She studies labor, inequality, and pol- national development, social movements, and icy,mostlyfromacross-nationalperspective. social inequality, with specific interests in envi- Gillian Niebrugge is Professorial Lecturer at ronmental justice, hunger and food justice, gen- theGeorgeWashingtonUniversity.Shehasbeen deranddevelopment,andpoverty. writing with Patricia Lengermann since 1985. William J. Scarborough is a PhD student in Their primary scholarly work is in the history SociologyattheUniversityofIllinoisatChicago. of sociology and feminist sociological theory – His research focuses on the economic and cul- mostnotably,TheWomenFounders:Sociologyand turalforcesinvolvedinthereproductionofgen- Social Theory 1830–1930 (2007), their chapter on derinequality. the relationship of sociology and social work in the Sociology in America (2007), and several WernerSchirmer,PhD,isSeniorResearcherat article-lengthstudiesofthehistoryofsettlement the Department of Social and Welfare Studies sociology. Niebrugge and Lengermann are the at the University of Linköping, Sweden. He has founders of the ASA Section on the History of published several articles applying Luhmann’s Sociology. systemstheorytoavarietyofsocialissues. JimPassfoundedthemultidisciplinaryacademic Joseph Schneider is the Ellis and Nelle Levitt field of astrosociology in 2004 to fill the void Professor of Sociology at Drake University. He in which the social sciences and humanities has written on the medicalization of deviance failed to focus enough on issues related to the and the experience of illness (both with Peter impact of outer space on both terrestrial soci- Conrad), social problems theory, Donna Har- eties and beyond Earth’s atmosphere (i.e., the away,andtheplaceofobjectsandmaterialityin human dimension of outer space). He serves as humanexperience. Published online by Cambridge University Press x aboutthecontributors Ofer Sharone is Professor of Sociology at the race/gender/class, welfare states, incarceration, University of Massachusetts, Amherst and the andimmigration. author of the book Flawed System/Flawed Self: CarlE.VanHorn,PhD,isthefoundingdirector Job Searching and Unemployment Experiences of the Heldrich Center for Workforce Develop- (2013).Hisresearchandteachingfocusoncareer mentandDistinguishedProfessorofPublicPol- transitions, job searching, unemployment, and icy at the Edward J. Bloustein School of Plan- qualitativecross-nationalcomparisons. ningandPublicPolicyatRutgersUniversity.He Peter A. J. Stevens is Associate Professor at is a visiting nonresident scholar with the Fed- eral Reserve Bank and a fellow of the National Ghent University, Department of Sociology, AcademyofPublicAdministration. whereheteachesQualitativeResearchMethods. His research focuses on sociology of education MaryVirnocheisProfessorandchairofSociol- andraceandethnicrelations. ogyatHumboldtStateUniversity.Sheidentifies asafeministpublicsociologistworkingondiver- RandyStoecker’spracticefocusesonusingtech- sityandinclusivestudentsuccessinhigheredu- nical assistance and training, and participatory cationandSTEMfields. action research, to build the capacity of grass- rootsgroups.Healsowritesandspeaksonthese MariosVryonidesisaprofessorattheEuropean topics. University Cyprus, Department of Education, where he teaches Research Methods in Educa- Eiko Strader is a doctoral candidate in Sociol- tion and Sociology of Education. His research ogyattheUniversityofMassachusetts,Amherst. focuses on educational inequalities, social and Her research interests focus on inequality, culturalcapital,andnewformsofeducation. Published online by Cambridge University Press