The Brave New World of Publishing CHANDOS PUBLISHING SERIES Chandos’new series of books are aimed at all those individuals interested in publishing. They have been specially commissioned to provide the reader with an authoritative view of current thinking.If you would like a full listing of current and forthcoming titles,please visit our website,www.chandospublishing.com,or contact Hannah Grace-Williams on e-mail [email protected] or telephone number +44 (0) 1993 848726. New authors:we are always pleased to receive ideas for new titles.If you would like to write a book for Chandos,please contact Dr Glyn Jones on e-mail [email protected] or telephone number +44 (0) 1993 848726. Bulk orders: some organisations buy a number of copies of our books. If you are interested in doing this,we would be pleased to discuss a discount.Please contact Hannah Grace-Williams on e-mail [email protected] or telephone number +44 (0) 1993 848726. The Brave New World of Publishing: The symbiotic relationship between printing and book publishing M H. B ANFRED REEDE Chandos Publishing Oxford · England Chandos Publishing (Oxford) Limited TBAC Business Centre Avenue 4 Station Lane Witney Oxford OX28 4BN UK Tel:+44 (0) 1993 848726Fax:+44 (0) 1865 884448 E-mail:[email protected] www.chandospublishing.com First published in Great Britain in 2008 ISBN: 978 1 84334 439 1 (paperback) 978 1 84334 440 7 (hardback) 1 84334 439 4 (paperback) 1 84334 440 8 (hardback) © M.H.Breede,2008 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying,recording or otherwise) without the prior written permission of the Publishers. This publication may not be lent,resold,hired out or otherwise disposed of by way of trade in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published without the prior consent of the Publishers.Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The Publishers make no representation,express or implied,with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this publication and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions. The material contained in this publication constitutes general guidelines only and does not represent to be advice on any particular matter.No reader or purchaser should act on the basis of material contained in this publication without first taking professional advice appropriate to their particular circumstances. Kodak and Versamark are trademarks of Eastman Kodak. Typeset by Domex e-Data Pvt.Ltd. Printed in the UK and USA. Printed in the UK by 4edge Limited - www.4edge.co.uk In memory of my father, Hans Breede, a printer in whose footsteps I followed. List of figures I.1 Gutenberg’s 42-line bible (beginning of the Book of John) 9 1.1 Le Danse Macabre, Mathias Huss, Lyons, France, 1499: oldest known depiction of a medieval print shop 35 1.2 Inking type with a printer’s ball 37 1.3 Number of books published in the German language, 1517–1525 51 1.4 Lithographic stone 56 1.5 Iron Washington press, invented by Samuel Rust in 1829 59 1.6 Number of new books published by British publishers in the twentieth century 62 1.7 The first machine-typeset book, The Tribune Book of Open-Air Sports, published in 1887 66 1.8 Manual book sewing on a loom 69 1.9 Growth of digital printing in relation to other printing processes 75 1.10 Gartner Hype Cycle of emerging technologies 78 2.1 Five-color offset-lithographic press 83 2.2 Web-offset presses, with press console in foreground and printed webs visible in the background 88 2.3 Blanket-to-blanket web-offset configuration 90 2.4 Heatset web-offset press 90 2.5 Workflow of book production on sheet-fed and web-fed presses 92 2.6 Electrophotography principle 99 2.7 Continuous inkjet principle 102 2.8 Magnetography principle 105 ix The Brave New World of Publishing 2.9 Ionographic print head 106 2.10 Ionography printing unit 106 2.11 Workflow of book production on a digital press 108 2.12 Front cover and printed endpaper of a digitally printed 210-page book promoting a digital press 109 2.13 Front cover and front matter of a digitally printed book with a personalized message 110 2.14 12-page web-offset and digital press signatures 112 2.15 Crossover of web-offset and digital press costs when printing 240-page mono-color books 115 2.16 Printing costs per 240-page mono-color book 115 3.1 The long tail of diversity 118 3.2 Idealized Pareto analysis and graph showing number of books sold by category in a hypothetical bookstore 119 3.3 Number of book titles available from bricks-and-mortar bookstores and Amazon 121 3.4 The life cycle of a book 124 4.1 Nipson VaryPress 400 137 4.2 Delphax CR2000 138 4.3 Kodak Versamark DS3700 Printing System 139 4.4 Xerox iGen3 110 141 4.5 HP Indigo Press 5500 142 4.6 Xerox Manual+Book Factory 144 4.7 Integrated book manufacturing workflow 145 4.8 SigmaLine by Muller Martini 146 5.1 Concept page of a children’s book with variable content 156 5.2 Design concept of a digital press with accordion book printing capabilities 158 5.3 Unfolded prototype of a 96-page accordion book 159 5.4 Accordion book with a wraparound cover 160 6.1 Conventional and print-on-demand book publishing workflows 166 x About the author In one capacity or another, Manfred Breede has been involved with printing and books throughout his professional career – first as an apprentice pressman in his native Germany, and then plying his trade as a journeyman in several European countries. Moving to Canada, he embarked on a career in technical education: teaching printing at the secondary school level for some 16 years before eventually arriving at his present position teaching printing at Ryerson University in Toronto. He is the author of the first and second editions of Handbook of Graphic Arts Equations and contributed a chapter to The Future of the Book in the Digital Age. Additionally, he makes frequent contributions to academic journals, is an invited speaker at industry conferences and consults on printing quality and efficiency as well as developing software in this area. In 2002 he was recognized by the readers of the Canadian journal PRINTACTION as one of the ‘50 Most Influential People in the Graphic Arts in Canada’. xi Acknowledgements The author wants to thank Scott Millward for preparing and packaging the illustrations for this book so competently and reliably. Thanks are owed also to Art Seto for the useful information he supplied for Chapter 6. The SRC Committee of the Faculty of Communication & Design at Ryerson University awarded the author a publication grant toward the writing of this book, which is acknowledged here with gratitude. Last but not least, the author likes to thank the copyeditor, Cherry Ekins, for her sharp-eyed editing and for giving the book its final polish. xiii List of acronyms BBC British Broadcasting Corporation CD compact disk CRT cathode ray tube CTP computer-to-plate dpi dots per inch EAN European Article Numbering system EPS encapsulated PostScript EVA ethyl vinyl acetate GATF Graphic Arts Technical Foundation GUI graphic user interface ISBN International Standard Book Number JDF job definition format LED light-emitting diode lpi lines per inch MIS management information system PDF portable document format PDL page description language PUR polyurethane-reactive PVA polyvinyl acetate RCA Radio Corporation of America RIP raster image processor SMS short message service UV ultraviolet VDP variable data printing xv