Project Gutenberg's The Botanical Magazine, Vol. 10, by William Curtis This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. Title: The Botanical Magazine, Vol. 10 Or, Flower-Garden Displayed Author: William Curtis Release Date: May 18, 2020 [EBook #62172] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE, VOL. 10 *** Produced by Karin Spence, Jason Isbell and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from images made available by the HathiTrust Digital Library.) THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE; OR, Flower-Garden Displayed: IN WHICH THE MOST ORNAMENTAL FOREIGN PLANTS, CULTIVATED IN THE OPEN GROUND, GREEN-HOUSE AND THE STOVE, ARE accurately represented in their natural Colours. TO WHICH ARE ADDED, Their Names, Class, Order, Generic and Specific Characters, according to the celebrated LINNÆUS; their place of Growth, and Times of Flowering: TOGETHER WITH THE MOST APPROVED METHODS OF CULTURE. A W O R K INTENDED FOR THE USE OF SUCH LADIES, GENTLEMEN, AND GARDENERS, AS WISH TO BECOME SCIENTIFICALLY ACQUAINTED with the Plants they cultivate. By WI L L I A M C U R T I S, Author of the Flora Londinensis. VOL. X. "What nature, alas! has denied "To the delicate growth of our isle, "Art has in a measure supplied; "E'en Winter is deck'd with a smile." COWPER. LONDON PRINTED BY STEPHEN COUCHMAN, For W. CURTIS, No 3, St. George's-Crescent, Black-Friars-Road; And Sold by the principal Booksellers in Great-Britain and Ireland. MDCCXCVI. TABLE OF CONTENTS 325—Justicia nasuta. 326—Mesembryanthemum viridiflorum. 327—Chrysanthemum indicum. 328—Trifolium incarnatum. 329—Ononis natrix. 330—Sida Cristata. 331—Kalmia angustifolia. 332—Oenothera fruticosa. 333—Cerinthe major. 334—Hypericum monogynum. 335—Ononis rotundifolia. 336—Lotus hirsutus. 337—Prunella grandiflora. 338—Allamanda cathartica. 339—Arum trilobatum. 340—Polygala Heisteria. 341—Scilla amæna. 342—Erica persoluta. 343—Antholyza Cunonia. 344—Aspalathus pedunculata. 345—Polygala bracteolata. 346—Protea mellifera. 347—Oenothera rosea. 348—Calceolaria Fothergillii. 349—Solanum laciniatum. 350—Erica ventricosa. 351—Saxifraga mutata. 352—Oenothera purpurea. 353—Mahernia incisa. 354—Mimulus aurantiacus. 355—Oenothera pumila. 356—Erica Massoni. 357—Briza maxima. 358—Erica baccans. 359—Convolvulus althæoides. 360—Hibiscus speciosus. INDEX—Latin Names of the Plants. INDEX—English Names of the Plants. INDEX—Latin Names of the Plants contained in the first Ten Volumes. INDEX—English Names of the Plants contained in the first Ten Volumes. INDEX—Hardy Trees contained in the first Ten Volumes. INDEX—Hardy Shrubs contained in the first Ten Volumes. INDEX—Hardy Herbaceous Perennial Plants contained in the first Ten Volumes. INDEX—Annual and Biennial Plants contained in the first Ten Volumes. INDEX—Greenhouse Plants contained in the first Ten Volumes INDEX—Stove Plants contained in the first Ten Volumes INDEX—Plants contained in the first Ten Volumes arranged according to the System of Linnæus [325] Justicia Nasuta. Dichotomous Justicia. Class and Order. Diandria Monogynia. Generic Character. Cor. ringens. Caps. 2-LOCULARIS: SEMINUM RETINACULIS 2-VALVIS: VALVIS LONGITUDINALIBUS UNCICULATIS. Stamina ANTHERA solitaria. Specific Character and Synonyms. JUSTICIA nasuta FOLIIS LANCEOLATO-OVATIS INTEGERRIMIS PEDUNCULIS DICHOTOMIS. Linn. Sp. Pl. Ed. 3. p. 23. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 63. PULCOLLI Rheed. Mal. 9. p. 135. t. 69. No. 325 This species of Justicia, long since figured in the Hortus Malabaricus, and described in the Species Plantarum of Linnæus, has been introduced to the Royal Garden at Kew, since the publication of the Hortus Kewensis, by Mr. Aiton: it is a stove plant, producing, almost the year through, abundance of flowers, distinguished not less for their singularity than their snowy whiteness; the following description, taken from the living plant, is fuller than that of Linnæus in the Sp. Pl. Descr. Stalk shrubby, somewhat angular, three feet or more in height, green, very much branched, slightly pubescent; Leaves opposite, standing on short footstalks, ovato-lanceolate, running out to a short blunt point, entire, veiny, a little downy; Peduncles from the alæ of the leaves, alternate, dichotomous, two small bracteæ are placed at each bifurcation; Flowers pure white, inodorous; Calyx composed of five lanceolate, entire leaves, continuing; these, as well as the whole of the plant, are beset with minute transparent globules, visible with a magnifier. Corolla deciduous, tube linear, grooved, pale green, slightly villous, bending a little upward; upper lip very narrow, bent back, bifid at the extremity, the edges toward the base rolled back, so as to make it appear in that part almost tubular; lower lip depending, trifid, segments equal, obtuse at the base, round the mouth of the tube marked with fine purple dots; Filaments two, short, projecting from the mouth of the tube, finally bending back; Antheræ at first yellow, afterwards livid; Germen oblong, smooth; Style capillary, slightly hairy; Stigma bifid. The plant is increased by cuttings; in the Hort. Malab. the bruised leaves are described as in use for the cure of cutaneous eruptions. [326] Mesembryanthemum Viridiflorum. Green-Flowered Fig-Marigold. Class and Order. Icosandria Pentagynia. Generic Character. Cal. 5-fidus. Petala numerosa linearia. Caps. carnosa infera polysperma. Specific Character and Synonyms. MESEMBRYANTHEMUM viridiflorum FOLIIS SEMICYLINDRACEIS PAPULOSO-PILOSIS, CALYCIBUS QUINQUEFIDIS HIRSUTIS. Ait. Kew. v. 2. p. 196. Haworth Mesemb. p. 199. Syst. Nat. ed. Gmel. p. 848. No. 326 Of the seventy species of Mesembryanthemum described in the Hortus Kewensis, this is the only one with green flowers. Mr. Masson introduced it from the Cape in 1774. The flowers are not only remarkable for their colour, but the extreme fineness of the florets; they begin to come forth in July, and continue to be produced till the end of September; the plant is easily increased by cuttings, is of ready growth, and blows freely. In Mr. Haworth' s Observations on the Genus Mesembryanthemum, lately published, there is a very ample description of it, to which we refer such of our readers as wish for more minute information respecting it. [327] Chrysanthemum Indicum. Indian Chrysanthemum. Class and Order. Syngenesia Polygamia Superflua. Generic Character. Recept. nudum. Pappus marginatus. Cal. hemisphæricus, imbricatus: squamis marginalibus membranaceis. Specific Character and Synonyms. CHRYSANTHEMUM indicum FOLIIS SIMPLICIBUS OVATIS SINUATIS ANGULATIS SERRATIS ACUTIS. Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 773. Spec. Pl. 1253. Thunb. Jap. p. 320. TSJETTI-PU. Rheed. Mal. t. 44. MATRICARIA sinensis. Rumph. Amb. p. 259. t. 91. MATRICARIA japonica maxima flore roseo sive suave rubente pleno elegantissimo. Breyn. Prod. p. 66? KIK, KIKF, vel KIKKU. Kœmpf. Amæn. Ex. p. 875. No. 327 We rejoice in the opportunity afforded us, of presenting our readers with the coloured engraving of a plant recently introduced to this country, which, as an ornamental one, promises to become an acquisition highly valuable. This magnificent species of Chrysanthemum, which we have hitherto seen only in the collection of Mr. Colvill, Nurseryman, King's-Road, Chelsea, began to flower with him early in November last, 1795; and as there were many buds on the plant, at that time, yet unopened, it appeared as if it would continue to flower during the early part of the winter at least. It is a plant of strong growth; the stem rising to the height of two or three feet, somewhat woody, much branched, beset with numerous leaves, having some resemblance to those of Mugwort, of a greyish hue; the flowers, on being smelt to, discover an agreeable fragrance, they are produced on the summits of the branches in a loose sort of cluster (those which terminate the main stem, grow to the size of a large carnation) of a dark purple colour; they are, it is to be observed, double, or rather between semidouble and double; the florets of the radius at first perfectly tubular or quilled, as they advance split gradually downward on the inside, their outside is of a greyish tint, which being visible in most of the florets, especially the younger ones, gives them a particoloured appearance; these florets do not so completely [8] occupy the receptacle but that room is left for a few others in the centre, of a different form, and yellow colour, which, on examination, appear to have their parts perfect, as indeed do those of the radius; the receptacle is beset with membranous paleæ or chaffy scales, a circumstance which would lead us to consider this plant rather as an Anthemis than a Chrysanthemum, of which it has the calyx, with the foliage of Mugwort. New as this plant is to us, it appears to have been cultivated in China for ages: Linnæus, who describes it in his Species Plantar. refers us to a figure in the Hortus Malabaricus; this figure, and the description accompanying it, agree generally with our plant, but the flowers are more double, much smaller, less clustered, and do not correspond in point of colour, yet there can be no doubt but our plant is a variety of the same; it is there described as growing in sandy situations, and having green petals. Rumphius, in his highly interesting work, the Herbarium Amboinense is much more minute in his information; he observes, that these plants were originally brought from China, where they flower in May and June; that there are two sorts principally cultivated in India, the white and yellow-flowered, and a third sort, differing only in the colour of its flowers which are red (the variety, as we suppose, here figured) began to be known among them at Amboyna; the flowers there do not expand well, owing to their being produced at the rainy season, and they decay without producing any seed. He tells us further, that it is cultivated chiefly for pleasure; that the natives and the Dutch plant it only in the borders of their gardens, in which it does not succeed so well as in pots; and that, if it remains more than two years in the same spot, it degenerates, becomes less woody, and often wholly perishes; that the Chinese, by whom it is held in high estimation, pay great attention to its culture; they set it in pots and jars, and place it before the windows of their apartments, and that it is not unusual for them when they invite their friends to an entertainment to decorate their tables with it; on those occasions, he that produces the largest flower, is considered as conferring the greatest honour on his guests; besides these three varieties already mentioned, they have a fourth, which is more rare, whose flowers are of a greenish ash colour (is not this the var. figured in the Hort. Malab.?) all these varieties growing in separate pots, they place in certain quarters which they particularly wish to decorate, and the effect they produce is highly pleasing: in the cultivation of this plant they spare no pains, the shorter it is and the larger its flowers, the more it is esteemed; to make it dwarfish, and at the same time productive of flowers, they check its growth; for, if suffered to grow rude, it assumes a wild nature, and produces little but leaves when it is coming into flower, of the three blossoms which usually terminate each branch, they pluck off two, and thus the remaining flower grows larger; by this, and other management, they cause the flowers to grow to the breadth of one's hand: he enumerates still a fifth sort with white flowers, which is extremely rare, and smaller than the others, called Tsehuy say si, that is the drunken woman; its flowers morning and evening flag, and hang down as if debilitated by intoxication, in the middle of the day they become erect, and follow the course of the sun; but this (most probably a distinct species) is not exported from China. Finally, he remarks, that the Chinese and Malays are so attached to these flowers, that they even decorate their hair with them. Thunberg, in his Flora Japonica, enumerates it among the natives of that country, and describes it as growing spontaneously in Papenberg, near Nagasaki, and elsewhere, observing, that it is cultivated for the extreme beauty of its flowers in gardens and houses throughout the whole empire of Japan, and that the flowers vary infinitely in point of colour, size, and plenitude. Kæmpfer's account of it in his Amæn. Exot. is very similar. This Chrysanthemum appears to be a hardy greenhouse plant, and it is highly probable that, like the Camellia and Aucuba, it will bear the cold of our mild winters without injury. As it flowers so late, there is but little prospect of its producing seeds with us, but it may be increased by cuttings, and parting of the roots. [9] [328] Trifolium Incarnatum. Crimson Trefoil. Class and Order. Diadelphia Decandria. Generic Character. Flores subcapitati. Legumen vix calyce longius non dehiscens deciduum. Specific Character and Synonyms. TRIFOLIUM incarnatum SPICIS VILLOSIS OBLONGIS OBTUSIS APHYLLIS, FOLIOLIS SUBROTUNDIS CRENATIS. Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 689. Ait. Kew. v. 3. p. 87. TRIFOLIUM spica rotunda rubra. Bauh. Pin. p. 328. LAGOPUS maximus flore rubro. The greatest Haresfoot. Park. Th. p. 1106. f. 1. TRIFOLIUM album incarnatum spicatum f. Lagopus maximus. Bauh. Hist. 2. p. 376. No. 328 Of the annual species of Trifolium cultivated by the curious here, this is one of the largest, as well as one of the most shewy; the blossoms in the plants which we have had an opportunity of observing, have been of a bright crimson colour, and have therefore corresponded badly with the name of incarnatum, originally applied to the plant by some of the old botanists, and adopted by Linnæus; like other Trefoils with red flowers, the blossoms are doubtless found with different shades of colour, and sometimes wholly white. It is a native of Italy, a hardy annual, cultivated here by Parkinson in 1640, flowers in July, and readily ripens its seeds, by which it is easily raised. It appears to have been lost out of this country since its first introduction, as it is not mentioned by Miller; Mr. Aiton enumerates it among the productions of Kew-Garden, and we last summer saw several plants of it raised from foreign seeds flowering in the garden of John Symmons, Esq. Paddington-House, Paddington, who has to boast a collection of hardy herbaceous plants superior to most in this country; his readiness to oblige me with specimens for drawing on this occasion, and his various acts of kindness exerted in the promotion of my botanical views, I have to acknowledge with much gratitude. [329] Ononis Natrix. Yellow-Flowered Rest-Harrow. Class and Order. Diadelphia Decandria. Generic Character. Cal. 5-PARTITUS: LACINIIS LINEARIBUS. Vexillum STRIATUM. Legumen TURGIDUM SESSILE. Filamenta CONNATA ABSQUE fissura. Specific Character and Synonyms. ONONIS Natrix PEDUNCULIS UNIFLORIS ARISTATIS, FOLIIS TERNATIS VISCOSIS STIPULIS INTEGERRIMIS CAULE FRUTICOSO. Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 653. Ait. Kew. v. 3. p. 24. ANONIS viscosa spinis carens lutea major. Bauh. Pin. 389. No. 329 The Ononis Natrix, a plant usually to be met with in all general collections of greenhouse plants, is a native of Spain, and the South of France, where it is said to grow wild in the corn-fields. The general practice sanctioned by that of Mr. Aiton, is to consider this species as tender; Mr. Miller says it is very hardy, and recommends it to be planted in the open border, a treatment likely to suit it in mild winters; there is, however, one part of his account evidently erroneous, he describes the root as perennial, and the stem as herbaceous, this is not only contrary to Linnæus's specific description, but to fact, the stalk being undoubtedly shrubby. As this plant in the course of a year or two is apt to grow out of form, it is advisable either to renew it frequently by seed, which it produces in abundance, or to keep it closely cut in. It flowers from the middle of summer till towards the close, and is propagated readily either by seeds or cuttings. Is no novelty in this country, having been cultivated by Mr. James Sutherland in 1683[1]. [330] Sida Cristata. Crested Sida. Class and Order. Monadelphia Polyandria. Generic Character. Cal. simplex, angulatus. Stylus multipartitus. Caps. plures 1-spermæ. Specific Character and Synonyms. SIDA cristata FOLIIS ANGULATIS, INFERIORIBUS CORDATIS, SUPERIORIBUS PANDURIFORMIBUS, CAPSULIS MULTILOCULARIBUS. Sp. Pl. ed. 3. p. 964. Syst. Veg. ed. 14. Murr. p. 623. Ait. Kew. v. 2. p. 444. Cavanill. Diss. 1. t. 11. f. 2. ABUTILON Lavateræ flore, fructu cristato. Dill. Elth. t. 2. ANODA hastata. Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. Gmel. p. 1040. No. 330 Dillenius has figured and described this plant in his Hortus Elthamensis as an Abutilon: Linnæus in his Sp. Pl. has ranked it with the Sida's, in which he has been followed by Prof. Murray, Messrs. Aiton and Cavanille; but Prof. Gmelin, in the last edition of Linnæus' Syst. Nat. has made another new genus of it, by the name of Anoda; as his reasons for so doing are by no means cogent, we join the majority in continuing it a Sida. It flowered in the garden of Mr. Sherard, at Eltham, in 1725, and was introduced from Mexico, where it is a native: Mr. Aiton considers it a stove plant, as he does the Tropæolum majus, and other natives of South-America; strictly speaking they may be such, but if raised early, and treated like other tender annuals, this plant will flower and ripen its seeds in the open ground, as we have experienced at Brompton. It grows to the height of three feet, or more, producing during the months of July and August a number of blossoms in succession, which are large and shewy; the stigmata in this flower are curious objects, resembling the heads of Fungi in miniature. [331] Kalmia Angustifolia. Narrow-Leav'd Kalmia. Class and Order. Decandria Monogynia. Generic Character. Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. hypocrateriformis, limbo subtus quinque corni. Caps. 5-locularis. Specific Character and Synonyms. KALMIA angustifolia FOLIIS LANCEOLATIS, CORYMBIS LATERALIBUS. Linn. Syst. Veget. ed. 14. Murr. p. 404. Ait. Kew. v. 2. p. 64. Gronov. Fl. Virg. p. 65. CHAMÆDAPHNE SEMPERVIRENS, FOLIIS OBLONGIS ANGUSTIS, FOLIORUM FASCICULIS OPPOSITIS E FOLIORUM ALIS. Catesb. Carol. app. t. 17. f. 1. LEDUM FLORIBUS BULLATIS FASCICULATIM EX ALIS FOLIORUM OPPOSITIS NASCENTIBUS, FOLIIS LANCEOLATIS INTEGERRIMIS GLABRIS. Trew. Ehr. t. 38. No. 331 In this work we have already given three different species of Kalmia, two commonly, and one more rarely cultivated with us, we mean the hirsuta, and which indeed we are sorry to find is scarcely to be kept alive in this country by the most skilfull management; to these we now add another species, a native also of North-America, introduced by Peter Collinson, Esq. in 1736, two years after he had introduced the latifolia; Catesby mentions its having flowered at Peckham in 1743; it is a low shrub, rarely rising above the height of two feet, growing spontaneously in swampy ground, and flowering with us from May to July; there are two principal varieties of it, one with pale and another with deep red flowers; these two plants differ also in their habits, the red one, the most humble of the two, not only produces the most brilliant flowers, but those in greater abundance than the other; Mr. Whitley, who has these plants in great perfection, assures me that it usually blows in the autumn as well as summer. This shrub is extremely hardy, thriving best in bog earth, and is propagated most commonly by layers. Like the latifolia, it is regarded in America as poisonous to sheep. [332] Oenothera Fruticosa. Shrubby Oenothera. Class and Order. Octandria Monogynia. Generic Character. Calix 4-fidus. Petala 4. Capsula cylindrica infera. Semina nuda. Specific Character and Synonyms. OENOTHERA fruticosa FOLIIS LANCEOLATIS SUBDENTATIS, CAPSULIS PEDICELLATIS ACUTANGULIS, RACEMO PEDUNCULATO. Linn. Syst. Veget. ed. 14. Murr. p. 358. Ait. Kew. v. 2. p. 4. L'Herit. Stirp. nov. t. 2. t. 5. OENOTHERA florum calyce monophyllo, hinc tantum, aperto. Gron. virg. 42. LYSIMACHIA LUTEA CAULE RUBENTE, FOLIIS SALICIS ALTERNIS NIGRO MACULATIS, FLORE SPECIOSO AMPLO, VASCULO SEMINALI eleganter striato insidente, Clayt. n. 36. No. 332 Most of the Oenothera tribe are annual, have large yellow flowers, which open once only, and that in the evening, displaying their beauty, and exhaling their fragrance at a time which will not admit of their being much enjoyed; the present species in some respects deviates from many of the others, the root is perennial, the flowers which are large and shewy, though they open in the evening, remain expanded during most of the ensuing day; the flower-buds, the germen, and the stalk are enlivened by a richness of colour which contributes to render this species one of the most ornamental and desirable of the tribe. It is a hardy perennial, growing to the height of three or four feet, with us altogether herbaceous, and therefore improperly called fruticosa; a native of Virginia, flowering from June to August: was cultivated in 1739 by Mr. Miller. May be propagated by seeds, by parting of the roots, and also by cuttings. [333] Cerinthe Major. Great Honey-wort. Class and Order. Pentandria Monogynia. Generic Character. Corollæ limbus tubulato ventricosus: fauce pervia. Semina 2, bilocularia. Specific Character and Synonyms. CERINTHE major FOLIIS AMPLEXICAULIBUS, COROLLIS OBTUSIUSCULIS PATULIS. Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 187. Ait. Kew. v. 1. p. 183. CERINTHE glaber FOLIIS OBLONGO-OVATIS GLABRIS AMPLEXICAULIBUS, COROLLIS OBTUSIUSCULIS PATULIS. Mill. Dict. ed. 6. 4to. CERINTHE flore ex rubro purpurascente. Bauh. pin. p. 258. CERINTHE major. Great Honiewoort. Ger. Herb. No. 333 Ancient writers on plants, supposing that the flowers of this genus produced abundantly the material of which bees form their wax, gave it the name of Cerinthe, which rendered into English would be wax-flower or waxwort, not honeywort, by which the genus has long been, and is now, generally called. Of this genus there are only two species known, the major and the minor, both happily distinguished by the different form of their flowers, a part from which it is not common to draw specific differences, though in some instances they afford the best. The major varies much, the leaves being sometimes spotted, very rough, and the flowers of a more yellow hue; this is the sort figured by Gerard in his Herbal, who mentions its growing in his garden (1597). Miller considers this as a species but Linnæus, Haller, Aiton, and others, regard it as a variety; our figure represents the Cerinthe glaber of Miller. This is an annual, remarkable for the singular colour of its foliage; its flowers, though not very brilliant, possess a considerable share of beauty; both combined render it worthy a place in our gardens, more especially as it is a plant of easy culture, coming up spontaneously from self-sown seeds, and being a native of Switzerland, as well as the more southern parts of Europe, seedling plants produced in the Autumn rarely suffer by our winters. It flowers in July, August, and September. [334] Hypericum Monogynum. Chinese St. John's-Wort. Class and Order. Polyadelphia Polyandria. Generic Character. Cal. 5-phyllus. Petala 5. Nect. 0. Capsula. Specific Character and Synonyms. HYPERICUM monogynum FLORIBUS MONOGYNIS, STAMINIBUS COROLLA LONGIORIBUS, CALYCIBUS COLORATIS, CAULE fructicoso. Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 702. Hort. Kew. v. 3. p. 108. No. 334 Of this genus 28 species are enumerated in the Hortus Kewensis of Mr. Aiton, 42 in Prof. Murray's ed. of the Systema Vegetab. and 64 in Prof. Gmelin's 13th ed. of Linn. Syst. Nat. of the latter number 14 are described with 5 styles, 46 with 3, 2 with 2 styles, and 2 with 1; when the term monogynum was first applied to this species, it was a proper one, there being then only one in that predicament, another having since been discovered it ceases to be so now; some have indeed doubted the propriety of using the word monogynum at all, alleging that in reality there are five styles, which manifestly shew themselves above, though they coalesce below; such is the opinion of my friend, Dr. Gwyn; this is a point on which Botanists will think differently. This elegant native of China, now common in our greenhouses, appears from Mr. Miller to have been first introduced to this country in 1753, by Hugh, Duke of Northumberland; he tells us, that the plants were raised in his Grace's curious garden at Stanwick, from whence the Apothecaries garden at Chelsea was furnished with it. Mr. Miller has given us a minute description of this plant, which he observes is the more valuable, as it continues in flower great part of the year; he observes further, that if planted in a very warm situation, it will live in the open air, but that those plants which stand abroad will not flower in winter, as those do which are removed into shelter in autumn. It may be propagated by slips from the root, or by layers. [335] Ononis Rotundifolia. Round-Leaved Rest-Harrow. Class and Order. Diadelphia Decandria. Generic Character. Cal. 5-PARTITUS: LACINIIS LINEARIBUS. Vexillum STRIATUM. Legumen TURGIDUM SESSILE. Filamenta CONNATA ABSQUE fissura. Specific Character and Synonyms. ONONIS rotundifolia FRUCTICOSA, FOLIIS TERNATIS OVATIS DENTATIS, CALYCIBUS TRIPHYLLO-BRACTEATIS, PENDUNCULIS subtrifloris. Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 653. Ait. Kew. v. 3. p. 25. ONONIS rotundifolia FRUCTICOSA, PEDUNCULIS TRIFLORIS, CALYCIBUS TRIPHYLLO-BRACTEATIS, FOLIIS TERNATIS SUBROTUNDIS. Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 3. p. 1010. CICER sylvestre latifolium triphyllum. Bauh. Pin. 347. CICER sylvestre tertium. Dod. Pempt. 525. No. 335 Prof. Jacquin, and most modern writers on Botany, consider the Ononis here figured, as the rotundifolia of Linnæus; it accords certainly with the figure of Dodon. to which that author refers, but is irreconcileable with his description; the leaves for example are neither parva, integerrima, nor glabra, the words by which Linnæus describes them; they are indeed evidently serrated in the figure of Dodon. which he quotes: by the name of rotundifolia, however, this plant is now very generally known in our nurseries, to which its beauty has gained it admission. Lobel tells us in his Adversaria, printed in 1576, that the plant was then growing in the garden of a Mr. Morgan; as it is not enumerated in Mr. Miller's Dictionary, ed. 6, 4to,[2] we suspect that it has been lost out of the country and re- introduced. Baron Haller informs us, that it is found wild in abundance at the bottom of the Alps in Switzerland; it is found also in other parts of Europe. It flowers in our open borders from May to July, in which it ripens its seeds, by which it is in general propagated, as also by slips; it grows to about the height of a foot and a half, is very hardy, and easy of culture. [336] Lotus Hirsutus. Hairy Bird's-Foot-Trefoil. Class and Order. Diadelphia Decandria. Generic Character. Legumen cylindricum striatum. Alæ sursum longitudinaliter conniventes. Cal. tubulosus. Specific Character and Synonyms. LOTUS hirsutus CAPITULIS SUBROTUNDIS, CAULE ERECTO HIRTO, LEGUMINIBUS OVATIS. Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 691. Ait. Kew. v. 3. p. 93. LOTUS POLYCERATOS FRUTESCENS INCANA ALBA, SILIQUIS ERECTIS CRASSIORIBUS ET BREVIORIBUS RECTIS. Moris. Hist. 2. p. 177. s. 2. t. 18. f. 14. LOTUS pentaphyllos siliquosus villosus. Bauh. Pin. 332. No. 336 The Lotus hirsutus, according to Linnæus, is a native of the South of France, Italy, and the East. In mild winters it will bear the open border with us, but it is more generally kept in the greenhouse, of which indeed it has long had possession, being cultivated, according to Mr. Aiton, in 1683, by Mr. James Sutherland. It flowers from June to August. Its blossoms are of a white colour, which being contrasted with the redness of the calyx, gives them a pleasing appearance; Casp. Bauh. informs us, that they are purple also. This shrub will acquire the height of several feet; its flowers are usually succeeded by seed-vessels, which in favourable situations produce perfect seeds, by which the plant is easily propagated, as also by cuttings. [337] Prunella Grandiflora. Great-Flowered Self-Heal. Class and Order. Didynamia Gymnospermia. Generic Character. Filamenta bifurca; altero apice antherifera. Stigma bifidum. Specific Character and Synonyms. PRUNELLA grandiflora FOLIIS OMNIBUS OVATO OBLONGIS SUBSERRATIS, CALICIS LABIO SUPERIORE PROFUNDE TRILOBO. Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 13. Gmel. p. 920. Jacq. Fl. Austr. v. 4. t. 377. PRUNELLA prima. Clus. Hist. xlii. PRUNELLA cærulea magno flore. Bauh. Pin. 261. No. 337 The plant here figured, which we have several years cultivated in our garden at Brompton, without discovering in it the least disposition to vary, is undoubtedly the same as is figured by Prof. Jacquin, in his Fl. Austr. under the name of grandiflora; he regards it as a distinct species, and as such it is introduced in Prof. Gmelin's ed. of the Syst. Nat. of Linnæus: Mr. Aiton, in his Hort. Kew. following Linnæus, makes it a variety of the vulgaris, a common English plant, which we have never seen to vary much in the size of its flowers. Prof. Jacquin informs us, that it grows wild, mixed with the laciniata (a kindred species with yellowish flowers) on the Alps; it is found also in similar situations in various other parts of Europe. In July and August, it puts forth its large shewy blossoms, of a fine purple colour. Such as are partial to hardy herbaceous plants, of ready growth, which are ornamental, take up but little room, and are not apt to entrench on their neighbours, will be induced to add this to their collection. It is propagated by parting its roots in autumn.