Th e Bloomsbury Companion to Berkeley i Other volumes in the series of Bloomsbury Companions: Aesthetics , edited by Anna Christina Ribeiro Analytic Philosophy, edited by Barry Dainton and Howard Robinson Continental Philosophy, edited by John Ó Maoilearca and Beth Lord Epistemology , edited by Andrew Cullison Ethics , edited by Christian Miller Existentialism , edited by Felicity Joseph, Jack Reynolds and Ashley Woodward Hegel , edited by Allegra de Laurentiis and Jeff rey Edwards Hume , edited by Alan Bailey and Dan O’Brien Hobbes, edited by S.A. Lloyd Kant , edited by Gary Banham, Dennis Schulting and Nigel Hems Leibniz, edited by Brandan C. Look Locke , edited by S.-J. Savonius-Wroth, Paul Schuurman and Jonathan Walmsley Marx , edited by Jeff Diamanti, Andrew Pendakis and Imre Szeman Metaphysics , edited by Robert W. Barnard and Neil A. Manson Philosophical Logic, edited by Leon Horston and Richard Pettigrew Philosophy of Language, edited by Manuel Garcia-Carpintero and Max Kolbel Philosophy of Mind, edited by James Garvey Philosophy of Science, edited by Steven French and Juha Saatsi Plato , edited by Gerald A. Press Political Philosophy, edited by Andrew Fiala Pragmatism , edited by Sami Pihlström Socrates , edited by John Bussanich and Nicholas D. Smith Spinoza , edited by Wiep van Bunge, Henri Krop, Piet Steenbakkers and Jeroen van de Ven ii Th e Bloomsbury Companion to Berkeley Edited by Bertil Belfrage and Richard Brook Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc LONDON • OXFORD • NEW YORK • NEW DELHI • SYDNEY iii Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square 1385 Broadway L ondon New York WC 1B 3 DP NY 10018 UK USA www.bloomsbury.com BLOOMSBURY and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published 2017 © Bertil Belfrage, Richard Brook and contributors, 2017 Bertil Belfrage and Richard Brook have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identifi ed as Editors of this work. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury or the author. British Library Cataloguing-i n-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN : HB : 9781441162281 e PDF : 9781441128270 ePub: 9781441114785 Library of Congress Cataloging-i n-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Series: Bloomsbury Companions Typeset by Refi neCatch Limited, Bungay, Suffolk iv Contents Abbreviations vii List of Contributors viii Introduction by Bertil Belfrage and Richard Brook 1 Part 1 Berkeley’s Life and Importance 1 George Berkeley’s Biography T om Jones 5 2 Berkeley’s Bermuda Project in Context N ancy Kendrick 21 3 Berkeley’s Correspondence M arc A. Hight 49 4 Berkeley and Twentieth-Century Realist-Anti-Realist Controversies Howard Robinson 63 Part 2 Berkeley’s Major Works 5 Atomism in Berkeley’s Th eory of Vision Bertil Belfrage 85 6 Berkeley’s T reatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge Samuel C. Rickless 99 7 Th ree Dialogues between Hylas, Philonous and the Sceptic Tom Stoneham 121 8 Th e Mystery of Goodness in Berkeley’s P assive Obedience Bertil Belfrage 141 9 D e Motu : Berkeley’s Philosophy of Science R ichard Brook 158 10 A lciphron; or the Minute Philosopher : Berkeley’s Redefi nition of Free-Th inking Adam Grzeliński 174 11 Berkeley’s Q uerist : ‘Hints . . . What Is to be Done in this Critical State of Our Aff airs’ or Proposals for a Hyperborean Eutopia? Patrick Kelly 196 12 Berkeley’s S iris , an Interpretation Timo Airaksinen 216 Part 3 Berkeley in Context 13 Berkeley and Descartes C harles J. McCracken 247 14 Berkeley and Leibniz L aurence Carlin 254 v vi Contents 15 Berkeley’s Critique of Locke’s Th eory of Perception G eorges Dicker 268 16 Berkeley and Malebranche C harles J. McCracken 288 17 Reid’s Opposition to Berkeley J ames Van Cleve 299 18 Berkeley and Hume on the Imagination K eota Fields 314 19 Th e Reception of Berkeley in Eighteenth-Century France Sébastien Charles 334 Part 4 Main Th emes in Berkeley’s Philosophy 20 Immaterialism and Common Sense S. Seth Bordner 343 21 Immediate and Mediate Perception in Berkeley Richard Glauser 355 22 Berkeley on Ordinary Objects J eff McDonough 385 23 Berkeley’s Philosophy of Mind T alia Mae Bettcher 397 24 Berkeley on the Philosophy of Language J ohn Russell Roberts 421 25 Berkeley’s Philosophy of Mathematics W olfgang Breidert 435 26 Berkeley’s Philosophy of Religion Kenneth L. Pearce 458 Bibliography 484 Index 514 Abbreviations Alc A lciphron; or, the Minute Philosopher (1732) Analyst Th e Analyst; or, a Discourse Addressed to an Infi del Mathematician (1734) DM De Motu; sive, De Motus Principio & Natura, & de Causa Communicationis Motuum (1721) NB Two notebooks (A and B) published as P hilosophical Commentaries . P A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge . Part I (1710) PI Published Introduction to the P rinciples . MI Manuscript Introduction to the Principles . TV An Essay towards a New Th eory of Vision (1709) TVV Th e Th eory of Vision . . . Vindicated and Explained (1732) 3D Th ree Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous (1712) Siris S iris: A Chain of Philosophical Refl exions . . . (1744) Q Th e Querist, Containing Several Queries, Proposed to the Consideration of the Public (1735–1737, 1750) Works Th e Works of George Berkeley , 9 Vols, A. A. Luce and T. E. Jessop (eds), London, Nelson (1948–1957). vii Contributors Timo Airaksinen is Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Helsinki, Finland. Bertil Belfrage became Assistant Professor (universitetslektor) in Th eoretical Philosophy at Lund University, Sweden in 1970, and Research Fellow in the History of Ideas and Sciences in 1993. He was Senior Editor of Berkeley Studies in 2005–2007, is editing a new scholarly edition of Berkeley's works and has published numerous papers on diff erent aspects of Berkeley's philosophy. Talia Bettcher is Professor and Department Chair of Philosophy, College of Arts and Letters, California State University, USA . Seth Bordner is Assistant Professor Philosophy at the University of Alabama, USA . Wolfgang Breidert was formerly professor of philosophy at the University of Karlsruhe. He has translated most of Berkeley’s writings into German (1980–96). He is the author of George Berkeley: 1685–1753 (1989); Philosophen im Gedicht (2012); Philosophie in Gedichten (2013); and essays on history of mathematics, among others on Berkeley and mathematics. Richard Brook is Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at Bloomsburg University, USA . Laurence Carlin is Associate Professor of Philosophy and a member of the University Honors Faculty at University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, USA . Sébastien Charles is a Professor and Dean of Research at the University of Quebec in Trois-Rivières, Canada. James Van Cleve is a Professor of Philosophy at the University of Southern California, USA . Georges Dicker is Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at the College of Brockport, State University of New York, USA . viii Contributors ix Keota Fields is a Professor of Philosophy at the University of Massachusetts, USA . Richard Glauser is a Professor at the Institute of Philosophy, University of Neuchatel, Switzerland. Adam Grzeliński is the Director of the Institute of Philosophy at Nicholas Copernicus University, Poland. Marc Hight is Eliot Professor of Philosophy at Hampden-Sydney College, Australia. Tom Jones is a Reader in English, University of St. Andrews, UK . Patrick Kelly is Professor and Fellow Emeritus of History at Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland. Nancy Kendrick is a Professor of Philosophy at Wheaton College, USA . Charles McCracken is Professor Emeritus Philosophy at Michigan State University, USA . Jeff McDonough is Professor of Philosophy at Harvard University, USA . Kenneth Pearce is Ussher Assistant Professor in Berkeley Studies in the Department of Philosophy, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland and Lilly Postdoctoral Fellow at Valparaiso University, USA . Samuel Rickless is a Professor in the Philosophy Department of the University of California, San Diego, USA . John Roberts is Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy at Florida State University, USA . Howard Robinson is a Professor in the Department of Philosophy at the Central European University, Budapest, Hungary. Tom Stoneham is a Graduate Research Professor of Philosophy at the University of York, UK .