The Analyst Application Second Edition The correct bibliographic citation for this manual is as follows: SAS Institute Inc. 2003. The Analyst Application, Second Edition.Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc. The Analyst Application, Second Edition Copyright © 2003, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA ISBN 1-59047-394-9 All rights reserved. Produced in the United States of America. Your use of this e-book shall be governed by the terms established by the vendor at the time you acquire this e-book. U.S. Government Restricted Rights Notice: Use, duplication, or disclosure of this software and related documentation by the U.S. government is subject to the Agreement with SAS Institute and the restrictions set forth in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights (June 1987). SAS Institute Inc., SAS Campus Drive, Cary, North Carolina 27513. 1st printing, June 2002 2nd printing, August 2003 SAS Publishing provides a complete selection of books and electronic products to help customers use SAS software to its fullest potential. For more information about our e-books, e-learning products, CDs, and hard-copy books, visit the SAS Publishing Web site at support.sas.com/pubs or call 1-800-727-3228. SAS®and all other SAS Institute Inc. product or service names are registered trademarks or trademarks of SAS Institute Inc. in the USA and other countries. ® indicates USA registration. Other brand and product names are trademarks of their respective companies. Contents Chapter1.Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Chapter2.TheDataTable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Chapter3.ManagingResultsinProjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Chapter4.CustomizingYourSession . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Chapter5.CreatingGraphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Chapter6.CreatingReports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 Chapter7.DescriptiveStatistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Chapter8.HypothesisTests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Chapter9.TableAnalysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 Chapter10.AnalysisofVariance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 Chapter11.Regression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 Chapter12.SampleSizeandPowerCalculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 Chapter13.MultivariateTechniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 Chapter14.SurvivalAnalysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377 Chapter15.MixedModels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 Chapter16.RepeatedMeasures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413 Chapter17.Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 AppendixA.SummaryofTasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449 SubjectIndex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473 SyntaxIndex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481 Acknowledgments Credits Documentation Writing TimArnold,ElizabethBrownrigg,NathanCurtis, MartyKing,MauraStokes,LoriWitham Editing DonnaM.Sawyer,MauraStokes EditorialSupport DeeDoles ProductionSupport CreativeSolutionsDivision andCoverDesign Software Development DavidDeNardis,GreggKemp,JulieLaBarr, JeanneMartin,KatherineJ.Roggenkamp, JeffSun,WayneE.Watson Testing DanielS.Adelsberg,NathanA.Curtis, WendyHassler,LoriWitham,OzkanZengin Support Group QualityAssurance MarkF.Austin,KatherineGiacoletti,KellyM.Graham vi About the Analyst Application The Analyst Application is a point-and-click interface to basic statistical analyses in the SAS System. These analyses are performed primarily by usingproceduresinbaseSASandSAS/STATsoftware,althoughsomeanal- ysesarecarriedoutwiththeuseofspeciallywrittenSASmacros. Documentation This book describes the features of the Analyst Application and how to use it to perform typical analyses, but it is not intended to teach or describe the statistical methodology that is employed. You can find a description of the statistical techniques used in the SAS/STAT User’s Guide and more tutorial- style information in several Books By Users (BBU) books. The pertinent booksarelistedinthebackofeachstatisticaltaskchapter. Software Requirements The Analyst Application is available in Version 8 of the SAS System for the following platforms: Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT, UNIX workstations,OS/2,OpenVMSAlpha,andVMSVAX.Requiredarethefol- lowing: • BaseSASsoftware,SAS/STAT,andSAS/GRAPHmustbeinstalled. • SAS/ASSISTmustbelicensed. • SAS/ACCESS must be installed in order to import external PC file formats. • SAS/IML must be installed in order to produce confidence ellipses in the Correlations task and partial regression plots in the Linear Regressiontask;theselectionsaregrayedoutifSAS/IMLisnotavail- able. vii viii (cid:1) Acknowledgments Chapter 1 Overview Chapter Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 GettingStarted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 BringUpAnalystandCreateaSampleDataSet . . . . . . . . . . 4 BringtheDataintotheDataTable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 PerformaRegressionAnalysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 YourResults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 SavingaProject . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ProjectFolders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 DataTable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 UsingtheMouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 OpeningNodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 SelectingandRemovingVariables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 AccessingTasksandHelp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 GettingHelp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20