Editors John J. Callaghan MD Lawrence and Marilyn Dorr Chair Professor Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa Aaron G. Rosenberg MD Professor Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush Medical College Chicago, Illinois Harry E. Rubash MD Edith M. Ashley Professor Harvard Medical School Chief Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts John C. Clohisy MD Daniel C. and Betty B. Viehmann Distinguished Professor Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri Paul E. Beaulé MD Professor Department of Surgery University of Ottawa Chief Division of Orthopedic Surgery The Ottawa Hospital Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Craig J. Della Valle MD Professor Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Illinois Contributors Matthew P. Abdel, MD Assistant Professor of Orthopedic Surgery Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Hesham Abdelbary, MD, FRCSC Assistant Professor of Orthopedic Surgery Orthopedic Division Ottawa Hospital University of Ottawa Ottawa, Canada Mansour Abolghasemian, MD Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran Muyibat A. Adelani, MD Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis, Missouri Abass Alavi, MD Director, Research Education Division of Nuclear Medicine Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Derek F. Amanatullah, MD, PhD Fellow Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota David W. Anderson, MD, MS Assistant Professor Attending Physician Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Kansas School of Medicine Kansas City, Kansas Michael J. Archibeck, MD New Mexico Center for Joint Replacement Surgery New Mexico Orthopaedics Albuquerque, New Mexico Joseph B. Assini, MD, FRCSC Fellow Adult Reconstruction & Joint Replacement Hospital for Special Surgery New York, New York Samer Attar, MD Assistant Professor Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Northwest University, Fineberg School of Medicine Chicago, Illinois Matthew S. Austin, MD Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Sidney Kimmel Medical College Adult Reconstruction Division Chief Adult Reconstruction Fellowship Director Rothman Institute 925 Chestnut St., 5th Floor Philadelphia, Pennsylvania David C. Ayers, MD Chair Department of Orthopedics and Physical Rehab. University of Massachusetts School of Medicine North Worcester, Massachusetts Debora Azevedo, MD Research Fellow in Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts David Backstein, MD, FRCSC Associate Professor of Surgery Division of Orthopaedics University of Toronto Toronto, Canada Erin Baker, MPT Rehabilitation Coordinator Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics Sinai Hospital of Baltimore Baltimore, Maryland Kamal Bali, MBBS, MS (Orthopaedics), DNB (Orthopaedics), MNAMS, Dip SICOT Fellow in Adult Joint Reconstruction Department of Surgery (Division of Orthopaedics) Schulich School of Medicine, Western University London Health Sciences Center, University Hospital London, Ontario, Canada Tim Band, MBA, F.I.Manf, (Dip.I.Manf), MCQI, CQP Smith & Nephew Orthopaedics Ltd Warwick, United Kingdom Samik Banerjee, MD Research Fellow Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics Sinai Hospital of Baltimore Baltimore, Maryland Regina M. Barden, BSN, RN, ONC Department of Orthopaedics Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Illinois John W. Barrington, MD Surgeon Texas Center for Joint Replacement Director, Joint Replacement Institute Texas Health Plano Plano, Texas Sandip Basu, MD Head, Nuclear Medicine Academic Programme Radiation Medicine Centre Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Tata Memorial Center Annex Mumbai, India Christopher P. Beauchamp, MD Associate Professor Department of Orthopaedic Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Arizona Paul E. Beaulé, MD Professor Department of Surgery University of Ottawa Chief Division of Orthopedic Surgery The Ottawa Hospital Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Hany S. Bedair, MD Hip and Knee Replacement Orthopaedic Surgeon Massachusetts General Hospital Assistant Professor of Orthopedic Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts Benjamin Beecher, MD Adult Reconstruction Fellow Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Keith R. Berend, MD Joint Implant Surgeons, Inc New Albany, Ohio Michael E. Berend, MD Center for Hip and Knee Surgery Joint Replacement Surgeons of Indiana Research Foundation St. Francis Hospital Mooresville Mooresville, Indiana Richard Berger, MD Assistant Professor Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Illinois Thomas L. Bernasek, MD Florida Orthopaedic Institute Tampa, Florida Daniel J. Berry, MD Professor Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Anil Bhave, PT Divisional Head Rehabilitation, Director Wasserman Movement Analysis Laboratory Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics Sinai Hospital of Baltimore Baltimore, Maryland Diana I. Bitar, MD Orthopaedic Surgeon Research Fellow Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Kevin Bozic, MD, MBA Chair Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care University of Texas at Austin Austin, Texas Declan Brazil, PhD Co-Director, Research Joint Implant Surgery & Research Foundation Managing Director, Signature Orthopaedics Co. Chatswood, New South Wales, Australia Nicholas M. Brown, MD Resident Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Illinois Thomas D. Brown, BS, MS, PhD Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Professor of Orthopaedics Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa Chad Brummett, MD Director, Pain Research Department of Anesthesiology University of Michigan Health System Ann Arbor, Michigan William D. Bugbee, MD Joint Replacement/Lower Extremity Reconstruction Cartilage Transplantation/Restoration Division of Orthopaedic Surgery Scripps Clinic La Jolla, California Pieter Buma, MD Professor, Head of the Orthopaedic Research Lab Department of Orthopaedics Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, The Netherlands Alissa J. Burge, MD Assistant Attending Radiologist Hospital for Special Surgery Assistant Professor of Radiology Weill Cornell Medical College New York, New York Asokumar Buvanendran, MD Professor and Director of Orthopedic Anesthesia Department of Anesthesiology Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Illinois Miguel E. Cabanela, MD Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester, Minnesota John J. Callaghan, MD Lawrence and Marilyn Dorr Chair, Professor Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa William Capello, MD Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Indiana University Medical Center Indianapolis, Indiana Joshua T. Carothers, MD New Mexico Center for Joint Replacement Surgery New Mexico Orthopaedics Albuquerque, New Mexico Ryan Caufield, MD Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Illinois Rajit Chakravarty, MD Orthopaedic Surgery Resident Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Drexel University College of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Kim Chandler, RN, BSN, ONC Department of Orthopaedics Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Illinois Shaun E. Chandran, MD Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts John Charity, MD, MRCS Associate Specialist The Hip Unit, Princess Elizabeth Orthopaedic Centre Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital Exeter, United Kingdom Vikram Chatrath, MD Avera Medical Group Marshall Marshall, Minnesota Darwin Chen, MD Assistant Professor Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Mount Sinai Hospital New York, New York Jonathan Christy, MD Joint Replacement Institute Central DuPage Hospital Winfield, Illinois John C. Clohisy, MD Daniel C. and Betty B. Viehmann Distinguished Professor Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri