1 The 2012 Complete Book on Lee Enfield Accurizing Everything you could ever need to accurize a Lee Enfield and shoot it well. 2 The 2012 Complete Book on Lee Enfield Accurizing © All Rights Reserved Roger Wadham Auckland, New Zealand November, 2011 Contact; [email protected] 210 pages; 63,107 words/365 photos 3 Image; 1949 No4 Mk2 Parker Hale, with center bedding. Three different shooters on the same rifle, and the same day. This rifle is opened up and measured, pg 154. Foreword In the footsteps of the Masters The information presented here is what I was looking for when I was learning how to get better accuracy with Lee Enfields. What I was really after, the actual ‘how to’ information, didn’t seem to be available. After more than a decade of communicating with other Enfield enthusiasts and reading reams of dusty old books the secrets were discovered one by one, and I finally understood how it was done. I say ‘was’ because while ‘Enfielders’ today are an enthusiastic and growing community world wide, the bulk of the knowledge was garnered many years ago during the ‘Golden Age’ of target shooting, when Lee Enfields were cock of the roost. After those heydays of 1900 – 1912 the sport continued to grow despite the buffeting of WW1 and WW2 plus the great Depression, nevertheless Enfields went right on through collecting trophies world wide right up to the late 1960’s, a feat matched by few rifles, ever, let alone one first designed in 1888. So this book then is a good look at the old master’s methods, compiled into an illustrated, practical guide for those new to Lee Enfields and the home handy enthusiast, complete with all the images, measurements, data and insider’s forgotten tips you’ll ever need. This is not just a romp through dusty halls however, with at least one method featured that is so new it’s probably never before been seen on an Enfield, and a few as yet untried ones, proving that there is still new life in these ‘old girls’ yet. This guide follows in the footsteps of the masters, and so will you. ============ 4 Dedicated to To the men and women defending the freedoms of others with a rifle as their right arm, thank you. Acknowledgments Friends Behind every successful enterprise are those who provide intangible support that’s near impossible to define and quantify but without whom no accomplishment would be possible. My thanks here to Micheal P. who gifted me my first ever ‘three nought three’, a lovely 1918 Aussie No1 Mk3, which is still in the gun safe, and started the road we are now on, and to Stacy F, a straight shooting Texan, who patiently enjoyed my enthusiasm for years, and who regularly out shot me at the range, Dale P. my ever supportive and fun shooting buddy who I once watched plug a golf ball at 85 yards with his flintlock rifle and thereby set a bar very high for our ‘modern’ rifles, and my family who have always been the silent support we hope for. The online Forums, Jouster.com and Milsurps.com No acknowledgment is complete without mentioning the invaluable source of friendship, humor, knowledge and experience that has come my way since joining these two excellent forums. Members have ever been equally happy to encourage an Enfield novice, or ‘newby’, in ways to restore or to shoot their newly acquired Enfield, to how the military used and maintained their rifles, and to enter into deeper discussions about metallurgy or the finer points of engineering theory that went into the Enfield design. If you are fresh to Enfields, or even fresh to rifle shooting, I completely encourage you to find forums such as these to kick around a few thoughts, post pics of your own rifle/s, and ask questions of your own. At the Milsup’s Forum an excellent photographic and technical library is on file, and with their kind permission links are provided here at the end of some chapters. Forum Links;  Milsurps.com; http://www.milsurps.com/forumdisplay.php?f=72  Culver’s Jouster.com; http://www.jouster.com/forums/forumdisplay.php?8- SMLE-%28Lee-Enfield%29  Enfield Resource.com; http://www.enfieldresource.com/forums-survivor-polls =========== 5 Image; Before and after; Ishapore 1966, and above with carbon fiber sleeved barrel, page 179. Introduction Welcome to this guide about accurizing techniques for the Lee Enfield rifle. Roll up the sleeves, get your rifle and cleaning kit out, put’ The Dam Busters’ on a TV in the background, and sit back for a read ... This is written for anyone with a growing enthusiasm for Enfields and a few home handy skills. With 110 pages of text and 365 images, every point is well described, and the various levels of accurizing are designed to appeal to whatever skill level you wish to apply. These techniques are designed for all 20th century Lee Enfields with a two piece stock;  No1 Lee Enfield (1902-1910)  No1 Mk3 (1907-1985+)  No4 Mk1 and Mk2 (1930-55)  No5 Mk1 jungle carbine (1944-46)  Ishapore 2a in .308 NATO (1964-68+)  Including all 7.62 ,converted and issued, Enfields. Generally speaking, these accurizing techniques apply to any Lee Enfield with the classic two piece stock and steel wrist. In acknowledging the desire to preserve the integrity of these increasingly collectible rifles the accurizing techniques range from ‘no modification/ blue printing’ approach, to an all out, no limits modifications in pursuit of maximum accuracy. 6 The good news for those wishing to create a ground up, target blitzing project rifle is that from the millions of Lee Enfields manufactured, more than enough survive as sporterized rifles, parts, or as rifles needing major restoration, that there is no need to modify a rifle otherwise valued for its originality. Image; Ishapore 2a1 7.62, 100 yds, carbon fiber project rifle, , pg 179 In addition there are two more unusual methods described that have been proven for other rifles but that have yet to be tried on Lee Enfields. You might be the world’s next pioneer in using them. ============ The Author Hello, my name is Roger Wadham, an ex Hollywood writer and set designer with a more than passing affection for these great rifles and all they represent. I met my first Lee Enfield in Los Angeles in 1995 when a friend with a sense of humor handed me a No1 Mk3 on ANZAC day for an outing at the range. Little did Michael, or I, realize what this would start. That lovely Australian made rifle eventually crossed the Pacific back to NZ and is still safe in the safe 15 years later. After that rifle’s arrival I discovered there were other types of Enfield, and I couldn’t say no to buying another one, or two, and now they must be multiplying in the gun safe on their own, because without fail every month or two there seems to be another. Decreasing space in the gun safe, it turns out, is a ‘problem’ other ‘Enfielders’ discover too. In Los Angeles I was well spoiled by the local presence of the Angeles Crest Shooting Range, a large complex at the foot of the San Bernadino Mountains that caters to everyone from skeet shooters to LAPD trainees. It’s a great place to learn to shoot and best of all, they have a range with steel gongs strung out to almost 800 yards. 7 Lee Enfields eat 800 yards for lunch. Do that kind of shooting for a while and it doesn’t take long before 300 yards starts to feel like 50, and one’s accuracy improves quickly. It doesn’t take long shooting at these distances before any rifle owner starts to think about the nuances of the bullet’s flight, how the rifle works and why. This began the ongoing enjoyment of bettering my shooting. For myself unexpected health issues have taken me off the firing line, but having got the Enfield bug, new directions have led to me building the website Enfield Resource.com. In addition I’ve been enjoyably building target rifles for a few years, fun shooting with friends, and with this book have now turned pen to paper. Forum Links  Culver’s Jouster.com; http://www.jouster.com/forums/forumdisplay.php?8- SMLE-%28Lee-Enfield%29  Milsurps.com; http://www.milsurps.com/forumdisplay.php?f=72 World wide listing of 165 Enfield related web sites  Enfield Resource.com; http://www.enfieldresource.com/forums-survivor-polls ============ Why ‘accurizing’? I don’t know why but the same peculiar ‘bug’ that develops for collecting Lee Enfields also shows up when thinking about accuracy improvements for them. While there’s something seriously satisfying to be at the range with a ‘vintage’ bolt action rifle clanging steel gongs at 500 yards alongside ‘high tech’ modern rifles, it’s even more fun knowing one has an extra accurate rifle, something with a few invisible tweaks that don’t show under its stock military appearance, a wolf in sheep’s clothing. The Lee Enfield SMLE design is one of the most successful rifles of the last hundred years, the No4 is rated in the top three of the best battle rifles of all time. Yet if one were to sit down and design a rifle for accuracy it incorporates many attributes that one would specifically not want, a ‘flexy’ action, a two piece stock and in the No1’s, a ‘short and light’ barrel. A one piece stocked rifle could arguably be a naturally more accurate rifle, but there’s probably less a home enthusiast could do to lift its performance, so in an odd twist of fate the Lee Enfield’s apparent drawbacks are the very thing that allow us to go to work and draw out the rifle’s larger potential. While some methods are dramatic and obvious such as receiver bedding, others can be subtle and unseen. A highly accurate rifle is often the accumulation of a lot of small alterations, the details can make all the difference, so I recommend not to be overly drawn to one method and overlook others. 8 Some of the descriptions are not overly specific or explored in great depth, and are designed to get you thinking about ways to apply, use, research or improve a method. In other cases the chosen topic will be one with great depth, such as reloading or positive compensation, that many talented authors have written exhaustively on. In those cases you’ll find either links to more information, or search phrases to use on the internet that will bring you more results. A number of images of targets are included. None are designed to demonstrate what a great shot I (in my dreams) and my friends, Tony and Manuka, (who really are great shots) are, but rather to draw attention to the particular rifles grouping tendency with various modifications. They have all been generated under nearly identical conditions, same bench rest, same ammunition, same range, same weather, and many are the result of simply handing the rifle from one shooter to the next and drilling holes in a fresh target. The following chapters are alphabetically laid out. Each chapter is titled for that part of the rifle and lists increasing levels of accurizing options. After a section on bedding, the last section includes the never seen before carbon fiber barrel work on an Ishapore 1966 7.62. The final chapter is about tips that fine tune you, the shooter. Beyond the end is a detailed index, a way to navigate back. So, let’s begin. RJW NZ ============ 9 Contents 9 - Chapter One - A little background 10 - Blueprinting terms 10 - Famous accurizing companies – Fulton, Parker Hale 14 - Improvements rate 14 - How accurate are Enfields? 16 - How accurate are sniper rifles? 19 - Main screw or king screw? 19 - Military shooting contests 19 - MOA and BLO 21 - Shim materials 22 - Terminology 23 - .303 and .308 and other calibers. 23 – Determining the rifles axis 25 – Bubble levels 25 – Tools 26 – Global community 27 - Chapter Two - Your Rifle 30 - Ammunition 40 - The Barrel 51 - H barrels 56 - The Bolt 75 - Butt Stock 80 - Forend 101 - Hand Guards 105 - Head Space 108 – Main screw and collar 111 - Nose Cap 117 - Receiver 123 - Trigger Guard 136 - Trigger 144 - Chapter Three - Bedding 149 - Bedding the trigger guard 151 - Bedding the receiver 157 - Bedding the barrel 163 - Barrel bedding case studies 174 - Barrel bedding 177 - Hand guard packing 179 - Bedding the nose cap Chapter Four - More 182 - The Cutting Edge – carbon fiber project rifle 191 - The Future 193 - Tuning you, the shooter. 209 - Random bits 10 Chapter One - A Little Background Regulating, Blueprinting and Accurizing In the UK and the USA there are several popular use terminologies for the similar things. I’m sure there are folks who can argue these definitions but this will at least provide a beginning. In US and UK/Commonwealth speak, the term ‘blueprinting’ is used to mean modifying a car to maximum performance possible within factory tolerances. Typically this would mean boring a cylinder to accept the largest size piston, normally recommended to absorb wear and tear, but now used to create a useful increase in engine capacity. It does though get used liberally to mean both unchanged from factory, and tuned within tolerances, two quite different things. Enfield rifles sold for target shooting often have the phrase ‘Regulated by ‘------’, stamped on the front top of the receiver. In the UK ‘regulating’ is purportedly the process of bringing a rifle within factory specifications, usually to comply with NRA competition rules that require a military rifle to be exactly as manufactured. This is not a common phrase in the USA. While a ‘regulated’ rifle would be carefully set to best stock specifications, a rifle with either simply Fulton or Parker Hale stamped on it has probably been tuned for accuracy to the maximum that the rules allow. This can include use of a barrel bedding style not used by Lee Enfield but deemed acceptable for some shooting NRA rules in the UK. Accurizing is a term used over casually that can mean anything from slight to maximum changes. Fultons of Bisley and Parker Hale From 1890’s to 1960 plus, two pre eminent names have stood out in England as the ‘go to’ people for accurate Enfield shooting, Fulton and Parker Hale. What the name Colt is to Americans, Fulton and Parker Hale is to an Englishman. They sold and modified to order, accurized Lee Enfields, destined for owners across the world, and their rifles brought home trophies for decades. Their markings on the rifles they handled are somewhat discreetly stamped into the receiver knox form, the strengthened front portion of the receiver. They represent many years of experience with some of the world’s finest firearms, and to own a Lee Enfield with one of these names engraved into the receiver is increasingly a must have for a Lee Enfield owner. Fulton’s was, and still is, a well known and respected family business which has been connected with the inner circles of English target shooting and Enfield rifles since 1895. They earned a well deserved reputation by not