Terms in Print Addresses: Abbreviations and Phrases on Printed Images 1500–1900 Ad Stijnman This is an updated version of Appendix 3 in my Engraving and Etching 1400–2000: A History of the Development of Manual Intaglio Printmaking Processes (London & Houten 2012), pp. 413–418. The text may be used with proper reference, and copied and disseminated freely as long as it is not changed in any way. I gratefully acknowledge all those who have helped me in any possible way in compiling these lists. 2 Introduction A large variety of abbreviations and phrases given in the so-called *ADDRESS(es) of prints and illustrations can be found from 1500. They supply information about who was involved in the production and publishing of the work and in what manner, to whom the work was dedicated, what the year of publication was, as well as about printing privileges.1 These expressions are usually found in the lower margins of engravings, etchings and lithographs, less in woodcuts and wood engravings, rarely in metalcuts. Copper engravers started signing plates with their initials or marks from the 1450s.2 The abbreviation F for fecit is used by Marcantonio Raimondi in MAF from c.1510. The term inventor is first used on engravings by Raimondi after Raphael c.1510–20 (INV.RAP.UR; RAPH.URBI.INVEN; RAF.URB.INVENT ROMAE). The abbreviation S for sculptor or sculpsit is used by Jacques Prévost in PS intertwined (S through lower part of P) in 1537. Print publishers began expressing their involvements in prints in Germany in c.1515–1520 (Jost de Negker zu Augspurg), followed in Italy from the 1530s (Romae apud Philippum Thomassinum; Jouannes Baptista de Rubeis iunior formis Romae; Romae ex typis Antonÿ Lafreri; Ant. Lafrerii Formis; Ant. Sal. exc.) and by Hieronymus Cock in Antwerp after 1550 (excude). This may have derived from printers’ devices in books that showed publishers’ names or marks to which further information was given in letterpress. Ugo Da Carpi applied for a privilege for his chiaroscuro printing in 1516. From the middle of the sixteenth century print publishers applied for privileges for particular prints or for all of their publications, which gave a legal base for prosecution in case of breach of the privilege (Erasmus Loy had specimens of his colour printed woodcuts stamped in black with phrases such as mit Rö. Kaij. Und Khu. Maij. Freijhait, nit Nachzudruckhen).3 Multiple privileges and licences from authorities are also found, such as for Peter Paul Rubens who was granted triple privileges from the King of France, the Archduke of the Spanish Netherlands and the Dutch States General between 1619–1620. Print addresses became standard following the professionalisation of the printing trade in the course of the sixteenth century. They were still used in the early nineteenth-century by lithographers and steel engravers signing their stones and plates, but declining in the second half of the nineteenth century when prints were produced by companies and not by individual craftsmen anymore. In the first half of the twentieth century only names of publishing and printing companies were left. Nowadays, the artist’s name, title, year and edition number are often written in pencil in the margin beneath the impression or on the back of the print. This gradually became common in the second half of the nineteenth century, with antecedents going back to the late seventeenth century and similar manners in books.4 1 See Engraving and Etching, pp. 76–82. 2 For a list of ‘Early Engravers up to 1500’ see Appendix 2 in Engraving and Etching, pp. 409–412. 3 On privileges and licenses see Antony Griffiths, The Print Before Photography: An Introduction to European Printmaking 1550–1820 (London 2016), pp. 95–107. See Anne-Lise Tropato’s studies on French privileges. 4 Griffiths 2016, p. 557, index ‘signing prints’. 3 Explanatory note Below two lists are presented. The first list is the Glossary with alphabetically ordered authorised terms, being a guide to the many Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Latin, Spanish and Swedish terms, phrases and abbreviations as found in print addresses; per authorised term first the most common expressions are given, with alternatives following (also); cross references (see also) guide to related authorised terms. The second list is the Index containing all the expressions from the Glossary in alphabetical order with references to their authorised terms. Still more expressions can be found, but those given here will help understanding them. Transcriptions: - ‘æ’ is transcribed as ‘ae’: æs => aes - ‘cu’ with a horizontal line or accent above it is transcribed as ‘cum’ - ‘i’ with a horizontal line or accent above it is transcribed as ‘in’ - i and j at the beginning of terms are transcribed as i: inv., jnv. => inv. - i and j at the end of terms are transcribed as j: Mai., Maj. => Maj. - u to be pronounced as v is transcribed as v: priuilegio => privilegio - v to be pronounced as u is transcribed as u: dedicatvs => dedicatus Otherwise transcriptions are literal, with any lines, dots or accents above letters as well as ligatures ignored, although for clarity in some cases abbreviations are written in full between square brackets or with an additional scope note or with a translation or with a period, such as ‘sup[er]. p[er]m.’ or ‘jnu. [= inv.]’ or ‘di Greg. PP. xiij ex privil. per an. X [= ten year privilege from Pope Gregory XII]’ or ‘[early 18th century]’. Different spellings are transcribed the way they are, such as ‘prevelegio’. Apparent mistakes in the original are transcribed the way they are, such as ‘dilin.’ (in letterpress) stays ‘dilin.’, although it was changed to ‘delin.’ in variant 2 of state I, probably a correction made at the press (see Christoffel Jegher, ‘Portrait of a Man’ after Peter Paul Rubens; H. IX.192.20-I). Publishers added their places of publication in engravings and woodcuts from the first quarter of the sixteenth century; engravers started adding names of places where they worked from the middle of the eighteenth century. For Latin place names see: J.G.T. Graesse, F. Benedict, Orbis Latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit; Großausgabe, eds. H. Plechl and S.-C. Plechl, (Braunschweig 1972). § The website http://www.columbia.edu/acis/ets/Graesse/contents.html transcribes the 1909 edition of Graesse’s dictionary and enables searching by word-image. However, the printed editions of 1971 and 1972 are more up to date and the 1972 edition mentioned above has more place names. See also: http://net.lib.byu.edu/~catalog/people/rlm/latin/names.htm (scroll to the bottom). 4 Glossary This is an alphabetical list of authorised terms for expressions found in print addresses. Check the following Index for an alphabetical list of all the abbreviations and phrases given here. • *Address = address, adres, Adresse, indirizzo, inscriptio; i.e., in this document, information concerning production and publishing given in a print, which is usually found in its lower margin; the following related expressions are used in modern literature o Before adding text = avant la lettre, avant toutes lettres, antilettera, avantilettera, before letters, before any text, voor de letter, voor alle letters o After adding text = après la lettre, after letters, na de letter o Without text = sans lettre, sans aucune lettre, senza lettera, without any text, without letterpress, zonder op- of onderschrift • Author of the text = for text accompanying the image, such as a verse o Has written the text = accidebat from the Latin verb ‘accidere’ [?]; also cecinit from the Latin verb ‘canere’; also compos. from the Latin verb ‘componere’, see also INVENTOR > HAS DESIGNED; also l., lu., lud., ludebat from the Latin verb ‘ludere’; also pangebat from the Latin verb ‘pangere’; also posui, posuit from the Latin verb ‘ponere’; also scribeb. from the Latin verb ‘scribere’ • Book Printing = letterpress, typography, typographically printed text o Has printed the text = ex typis, typis, typis express., from the Latin noun ‘typus’, indicates the person in control of the block, plate, stone or other carrier from which the image is printed, usually the printer-publisher, but in later references commonly the printer; also copper plates are meant with ‘aeneis typis’, however, and consequently ex typis, typis may refer to the owner of the printing plate; see also OWNER OF THE PRINTING PLATE, PROOF > PRINTED BY THE ARTIST and PUBLISHER > HAS PUBLISHED o Book printer = Buchdrucker; see also PRINTER o Book printing shop = Buchdruckerei • Colouring = colouring by brush, hand colouring o Has coloured by brush = col. • Coordinator = director, derect., direct. o Has coordinated the production = dierexit, direx., direx.t, direxit, dirigens, dirigente, drx., from the Latin verb ‘dirigere’; also iussit [?], sous la direction de, unt. Leit. v.; see also PUBLISHER • Copy = indication of the person who had a copy or replica made after the original plate o Had made the copy = restituit, from the Latin verb ‘restituere’; see also EXAMPLE FOR THE IMAGE 5 • Dealer = cunst verko., konstverkooper, Kupferstich-Handlung, Kunst Händlr, Kunsthandler, m.d d’estampes, map seller, md.s d’estampes [= plural], mercator, print seller, venditor; also when the print is sold by a bookdealer bibliop., bibliopola, boekverkoper, Buchhandlung, lib., librairie o Sells = prostat, prostant [= plural], from the Latin verb ‘prostare’; also are to be sold by, are to be sould by, are to behad, on le vend, on trouve a vendre, se haillan a vender en casa di, se trouve, se trouvent, se vand, se vande, se vend, se vendano, se vendent, si vende, si vendeno per, si vendono da, sold by, sould by, te coop by, sunt venales in aedibus, vendono, venduntur, venundant, zu finden beij, zu finden bey, zyn te bekoomen; commonly also the publisher; see also PUBLISHER > HAS PUBLISHED • Dedication = dedicatio o Has dedicated = D.D., D.D.D., D.D.D.D., dat dicat offert, dddt., ddt., ded., dedet, dedic., dedicabat, dedicat, dedicavit, dedicavit et dat, dedicant [= plural], dedicarunt [= plural], dedit dedicavitque, dicat, from the Latin verb ‘dedicare’, dat from ‘dare’; also consec., consecrat, from the Latin verb ‘consecrare’; also D.D.C.C., D.D.C.Q., dedica, dedicada, dedicato, dedicatus, dedié par, dediée par, dediées par, dediés par, dediéz par, dicavit, gewidmet von, offerebat, offert, opgedraagen, sacravit, zu Ehren, zugeeignet von; with many other elaborate phrases, especially in German lands in the 17th century • Draughtsman = delineator, deliniator; usually the person who made a drawing after the original painting, relief or sculpture o Has drawn = d., de., del., del.t, deli., delie., delien., delin., delina., deline., delinea., delineata, delineatae, delineati, delineatus, delineavit, deliniavit, delint., delinxit, delit., dell., delli., deln., delt., dilin., dli., lineavit from the Latin verb ‘delineare’; effig., effigiatae, effigiavit, effigiebat, effigitavit, from the Latin verb ‘effigiare’; also fig., figu., figur., figura., figurabat, figuravit, from the Latin verb ‘figurare’; also abgezeichnet, adnotati, adnotatum, deliné, deline infudit, delineo, deliniati, descripsit, desig., design., designatum, designavit, dess. par, desseignez par, dessigné par, dessignée par, dessignéz par, dessin. par, dessiné par, dessinée, dessinés, dib.°, dibusó, dis., diseg.te, disegnata, disegnate, disegnato, disegno, drawn, entw. v., entworfen von, entworffen von, geteeckent door, geteekent door, getek., getekend, getekent door, gez. von, gezeichnet von, gezh., gheteeckent door, gz., sacada, tecknade; see also INVENTOR OF THE IMAGE > HAS INVENTED o “RW // [quill]”, Rudolph Wyssenbach (fl. 1545–60) has designed; see also under WOODCUTTER > HAS CUT 6 o “CvS // [brush]”, Cristopher van Sichem (c.1546–1624) has designed • Edition = the edition number can be settled by contract, but is never given in the plate; this information starts appearing – written in pencil – underneath the impression by the second half of the nineteenthth century; commonly the number within the edition and the total number of impressions is given, such as: 23/50 or II/XX, for artist’s proofs such as a.p. III/X and for offprints such as h.c. II/V; see also PROOF • Engraver = aeris caelator, anaglyptarius, caelator [with ablativus caelatore], calchographus, calcograph., calcographus, chal., chalcog., chalcogr., chalcographus, coelator, engraver, exculptor, excusor, glÿpfes, grabador, грав. [in Cyrillic script], gravador, гравер. [in Cyrillic script], graveur, graveur en taille douce, incisor, incisore, intagliatore, kalkiografos [in Greek script], Kupferstecher, Kupfferstecher, scalptor [with ablativus scalptore and plural scalptores], schulptor, sculptor [with ablativus sculptore], scultor; also ciceleur, i. & s. [= inventor et sculptor], Stempffelschneider; see also INVENTOR OF THE IMAGE and WOODCUTTER o Has engraved = cae., cael., caelab., caelata, caelati, caelav., caelavit, from the Latin verb ‘caelare’, derived from the Greek verb koilainw [= to excavate, to hollow out]; also caelum applic. [caelum = burin]; also inc., inci., incid., incide, incedeb., incidebat, incidi, incidit, incis., incisa, incisae, incise, incisit, inciso, incisum, incisus, inct., inscidit, insidit, from the Latin verb ‘incidere’ [also used for etchings, occasionally used for woodcuts; see also WOODCUTTER > HAS CUT (THE WOODBLOCK)]; also exculpsit, exsculpsit, s., sc., scalp., scalpebat, scalpit, scalps., scalpsit, scalpt., schalpsit, schul., schulp., schulpsit, schulpxit, sclp., sct., scu., scul., sculp., sculpcit, sculpeb., sculpebat, sculps., sculpserunt [= plural, means more engravers worked on the same plate], sculpsit, sculpt., sculpta, sculptae, sculpxit, st., from the Latin verb ‘(ex)sculpere’ [commonly also used with etchings, rarely with woodcuts], and more elaborate chalcographa arte sculptae [H. Goltzius, H.VIII.102.304-II]; also eng., engd., engrav’d by, engraved by, esc., excisit, expressit, gegraben von, gest. von, gestochen von, grab.°, grabado, grabó., graphice expressa, gravada, gravé par, gravé en couleur par [in France in the second half of the 18th century], gravée par, gravez, inschulptum, insculptam, machts, scolp., scolpi, scolpi a bulino, sculpsit ferro [= has engraved with the burin], se fait, transcripsit [all terms also used for etchings]; NB, occasionally excudit is used by publishers, see also PUBLISHER > HAS PUBLISHED o Has engraved or etched in copper = one of the above or below terms combined with: aere, aeri, in aere, in aes; also aeneis formis incisa, aeneis formulis, aeneis tabellis expressum, aeri 7 infudit, aere exarat, delineatio aere exarata, engraved in copper, gravés en taille douce [early 18th century], in das Kupfer gebracht, in aere spectandum exhibuit, in Kupffer gebracht, in ‘t cooper gebracht, in ‘t kooper gebragt, in ‘t koper gebracht [mid-18th century], in ‘t koper gebragt o Has engraved or etched in steel = Stahlst. o Has etched = a.f., aq. fort., aqua, aqua forte, aqua forti insculpsit, aquaforti, expressit aq. forti, f. aqua, fec. et aqua forti, f. aqua forti, faict a leau forte, faict en eau forte, fec. aqua forti, fecit aqua forti, fecit in aqua ford.; also forms of ‘sculpere’, see ENGRAVER > HAS ENGRAVED; also eingeaetzt, eingeschnitten, etch’d by, etched by, f. a l’aq. f., fatte coll. acqua forte, geaetzt, geätzt, geest, geëtst, geëtzt, gegrazet, gradiert, gradirt, gravé à l’eau-forte par, intagl.te,intagliata, intagliate, rad., radiert, radirt, scolpi all’ acqua forte; rarely ‘durch’ for a person who designed, drew and etched his own plates o Has etched with aquatint = aq:tinta, aqua tinta, aquat.t, aquatinta o Has etched the photogravure = ph. sc., photogravure sculpsit, photosculpsit o Has engraved the letters = écrit, scrip., scrips., scripsit, from the Latin verb ‘scribere’; also aeri aqua forti inscriptae, gelettert, maitre d’ecrit, sc. sc. o Has finished the work (or edited) = perfecit, from the Latin verb ‘perficere’; also engraved and finished [= has finished the work with the burin], finished, recognovit [= edited], terminé, terminé au burin [= has finished the work with the burin] o Has made = f., fac., faciebat, faecit, faict, faicts par, faits par, fc., fe., fec., fecer. [from the plural fecerunt], fecet, feci., fecit, fect., feecit, fesit, fet., ft., from the Latin verb ‘facere’; also fece, gemaakt, opus, verfertigt; see also WOODCUTTER > HAS CUT (THE WOODBLOCK) o Has made in mezzotint = geschaben von, geschabt von o Has re-engraved = reparavit o Studio of the engraver = caelatura, calcographia, calcographie, chalcographia; see also PRINTER > PRINTSHOP • Example for the image = exemplar; see also COPY > HAS MADE THE COPY o After life = ad dimidium nat. ambit, ad nat., ad v., ad vium, ad viv., ad vivum, after nature, ap. nat., au vif, d’après nature, efter naturen, from the life, gedaen naet leven, in re presenti, locum ad viv. del., n.d. Nat., na ‘t leven, naar ‘t leeven, nach dem Leben, nach der Natur, nae ‘t leven, sec. nat., sur le naturel, vu o After the object = ad obj., ad objectum o After the original = ad archetypon, ad archetypum, ad prototypi, e prototypo, ex archetypis, ex archetypo, iuxta prototypon, juxta archetypum, juxta exemplar, juxta originale, na het origin., naar ‘t origineel, nach d. Origin.; see also INVENTOR OF THE IMAGE > HAS DESIGNED 8 o After a drawing, painting, print, sculpture = after, après, d’apres, da, ex delineatione, ex imagine, ex marm. antiq., ex pictura, gravure d’interpretation, na, na de copye, naar, nach, secundum exemplar, secundum icon., secundum iconem • Financer = creditor o At the expenses of = a costa de, a spese di, auf Kosten von, aux dépens de, impensa, impensis, suis impensis, sump., sumptibus; usually, but not necessarily, the financer is also the publisher, see PUBLISHER; see also PATRON > HAS CAUSED TO BE MADE • Inventor of the image = auct., auctor, infentor, inventer, inventor [= male, with ablativus inventore], inventorix [= female], the person who made the draught, or the larger part of the drawing, painting, relief, or sculpture, respectively the larger part of the composition on which the design for the print is based; also auteur, auth.es [= plural], author, autor [= inventor and/or engraver of the image], figurator [with ablativus figuratore], I. & S. [= inventor et sculptor], inventer, inventeur, invintor o Has invented = in., inf., inue., inuen., inv., inv.t, inve., inven., inven.t, invenid, inveniebat, invenit, invent., invented, inventur, invet., jnu. [= inv.], from the Latin verb ‘invenire’; also adumbravit, afgebeeldt door, auctore [= by the inventor], concepit, de l’invention de, designed by, dess. par, desseignez par, dessigné par, dessignée par, dessignéz par, dessin. par, erf. from ‘erfunden’, ersunnen, ex inventione, geïnventeert, inventa, inventado, inventae per, inventé par, inventées par, inventes par, inventez par, inventiert von, inventirt durch, invento, nae d’inventie van, naar d’inventie van, naer d’inventien van, uyt gebeelt door; see also DRAUGHTSMAN > HAS DRAWN o Has designed (the composition) = comp., compo., composuit, cop., from the Latin verb ‘componere’; also depictae a, dressé, fingebat, finx. from the Latin verb ‘fingere’, see also AUTHOR OF THE TEXT > HAS WRITTEN THE TEXT and EXAMPLE FOR THE IMAGE > AFTER THE ORIGINAL o Has cooperated in making the design = orn., ornav., ornavit, from the Latin verb ‘ornare’ o Has drawn = fig., figurabat, figurat., figuravit, from the Latin verb ‘figurare’; see also DRAUGHTSMAN > HAS DRAWN o Has revised = revis’d [= the drawing made after the original] • Lithograph = i. lith., imp. lith., imp. lithog., impression lithographique, L.D., lith. Druck, St. v., Stdr. v., Steindr. v., Steindruck von; NB: the division between drawing on the lithographic stone and printing it is not always clear, due to which terms can be explained in different ways o Has drawn the lithograph = ad lap., auf Stein gez. von, gez. u. in Stein gest., in lap. del., in lapid. delie., in lap. dlt., in lap. srpt., in lapide scripsit, in lpd. scpst., in lpd. spst., lap. inscr., lap. insrpt., lapid delin., lapidi incisae, lapidi inscripsit, lithogr., lithographice del., 9 lithographirt von, on stone by; also auctor [if the author of the text drew the illustrations], gravirt o Has printed the lithograph = lith., lith. impr., lith.e, litho., lithog., lithog.e, lithografierade, lithographié par; also ged. v.; also used for the person who drew the design on the stone o Has printed the lithograph in colour = chromolith. o Lithographic printshop = i. lith., imp. lith., imp. lithog., impression lithographique, Kunstdruckerei, L.D., lith. Anst., lith. art. Inst., lith. Atelier, lith. Inst., lith. Institut, Lith. u. Druck, lithogr. Atelier, lithographische Anstalt, lithographisches Atelier, lithographisches Institut, Steindruckerei • Maker o From the workshop = ex officina; see also PRINTER > PRINTED BY THE ARTIST • Owner of the printing plate = aeneis formis, aeneis typis, ex. formis, ex typis, f., for., form., forma, formeis, formis, from the Latin noun ‘forma’, typis; usually refers to the publisher, see also BOOK PRINTING > HAS PRINTED THE TEXT, PRINTER AND PUBLISHER > HAS PUBLISHED • Painter = pict., pictor, pictrix; also eiconog., iconographus, Maaler, pittore o Has painted = p., painted, pin., pinczit, ping., pingebat, pins., pintado, pinx., pinxcit, pinxer. [= plural], pinxit, pinxt., pt., px. from the Latin verb ‘pingere’; also coloribus expressit, depingebat, depinxerat, depinxit, dip., dipin., dipins., dipinse, dipinto, gekonterfeÿt, gemahlt von, gemalt von, peint par • Patron = the person who commissioned the work o Has caused to be made = f.f., fieri curavit, fieri fecit; see also FINANCER and PUBLISHER > HAS PUBLISHED • Printer = architypographus [= book printer], Buchdrucker [= printer of books and woodblocks], impressor; also Hofkopferdrücker [= plate printer]; see also BOOK PRINTING > BOOK PRINTER, OWNER OF THE PRINTING PLATE and MAKER o Has printed = im., imp., imp.t, impr., impressit, imprimit, from the Latin verb ‘imprimere’; also Druck von, de l’impression de, gedruckt, getruckt, ghedruckt, impresce, impresse, imprimé par, printed by, stampa, stampano da, stampati da, tryckte; can also be used by the publisher, because printer and publisher are often the same person until the middle of the 17th century, see also PUBLISHER > HAS PUBLISHED o Has printed in colours = coloribus adumbrata, coloribus distincta typis impressa o Plate printer = impressor imaginum aeri incisarum o Print = impressum [“Henricus Goltzius Sculp. & Excudebat Impreßum Harlemi. // A°. 1583”; H. Goltzius, H.VIII.100.205-I] o Printshop = off., officina, stamperia; see also ENGRAVER > STUDIO OF THE ENGRAVER o Printed by the artist, see also BOOK PRINTING > HAS PRINTED THE TEXT and PROOF > ARTIST’S PROOF; see also MAKER 10 • Privilege = to secure copyrights; sometimes the number of years for which the privilege is valid is given [cum previlegio per annos 10, cum privilegio per annos XV, cum privilegio ad sexennium, cum sexennali privilegio, p.X.An.], sometimes the privilege is only given for a town [cum privilegio Antverpia]); also used for censorship o Permission for printing (general) = imprimatur o Publication according to the law = dép., depon., déposé, déposé à la Biblio. Nat., déposé à la Bibliothèque, déposé à la Bibliothèque Imperiale, déposé à la Direction, deposé à la Direction Générale, deposé à la Direction Générale des Estampes, deposé à la Direction Générale de l’Imprimerie et de la Librairie, deposé au Bureau des Estampes, enregistré a la Bibliothéque Nationale, all terms used in France; according to act of Parliament, publish’d according to act of Parliam.t, published according to act of Parliament, published as the act dir.s, published as the act directs, all terms used in England and commonly with a date or year following o With imperial privilege (Holy Roman Empire) = accessit privilegium Caesareum, c.g. et pr. S.C.R.M., c.gr. et pr. S.C.R.M., c.p.S.C.M., c. pri. S.C.M., c. privi. S.C.M., com. priuil. S. Cae. Mtis., cum gr. et priv. S.C.M., cum gr. et priv. S.C.Maj., cum grat. et priv. S.C. Maj., cum grat. et priv. Sacr. Caes. Majest., cum grat. et privil. S.C. Maj., cum grat. et privil. Sac. C. Maj., cum grat. et privil. Sacrae Caesarea Majestatis, cum gratia et priv. S.C. Maj., cum gratia et priv. Sac. Caes. Maj., cum gratia et priv. Sac. Caes. Majest., cum gratia & privi. imperiali, cum gratia et privil. Sac.ae Caes. M., cum gratia et privill. S. C. M., cum gratia et privileg. S. Cae. M., cum gratia et privilegio Imperiali, cum gratia et privilegio S.C.M., cum gratia et privilegio Sac. Caes. Maiest., cum gratia et privilegio Sac. Caes. Majestatis, cum pr. S.C.M., cum pr. S.C.Maj., cum prae. Ca. M.s, cum prae. Caes., cum prae. Caes. Mae.s, cum prae.° Caes.ae, cum prae.° Caes.ae Mai.s, cum prae. Sac. Caes. Mai.s, cum prae.° Sac.ae Caes.ae Mai.s, cum praevi. Caes. Mag.s, cum praevil. Caes. Mages., cum praevilegio Caes. Mag.s, cum priv. S.C.M., cum priv. S.C. Maj., cum priv. S. Caes. Majest., cum priv. Sac. Caes. Maj., cum privil. C.M., cum privil. S.C.M., cum privil. S. Cae. M., cum privil. S. Cae. M.tis, cum privil. S. Caes. M., cum privil. Sa. Cae. M., cum privil. Sa. Cae. M.tis, cum privil. Sa. Cae. Maj., cum privil. Sac. Caes. M., cum privil. Sac. Caes. M.tis, cum privil. Sac. Caes. Maj., cum privil. Sac. Caes. Majestatis, cum privil. Sac. Caes. Maÿ.tis, cum privil. spec., cum privileg. S.C.M., cum privileg. S. Caes. Maiestat., cum privileg. Sac. Caes. Majest., cum privileg. spec., cum privilegio Caesarea, cum privilegio S.C.M., cum privilegio S.C.Maiestat., cum privilegio S.C. May., cum privilegio S.C. Mayestatis, cum privilegio Sac. Caes. M., cum privilegio Sac. Caes. Mai.tis, cum privilegio Sac. Caes. Majest., cum privilegio Sac. Caes. Maÿ., cum privilegio Sac. Caes. Maÿestatis, cum privilegio Sac.ae Caes. M., cum privilegio Sacrae Caes. Maj., cum S.C.M. privilegio, cum Sac. Caes. Majestats privilegiis, mit Röm. Kayserl. Majest. Privilegio, S. Caes. M.tis, Sac. Caes. Mai.; also mit Kaiserlichen Freyheit, mit Keys. Maiest. Freyheit, in keinerley Format