® Teach Yourself COMPLETE Ask for directions Greetings and feminine Plural adjectives ......, __. _ ·~··..._•'""'" Accept invitations Take a taxi Tell the time future tense Visit the old bazaar Check m at the airport Call a doctor Families Test yourself ft and learn more online ~\V teachyourself.com) ,_..t.\l ~t\ t.~ , .. ':,\\ffO~ 2 x 70-minute audio COs (MP3 compatible) Level4 "Global scale" of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: learning, teaching, assessment (CEFR) Can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. Can summarise information from different spoken and written sources, "u' reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. ........... Can express him/herself spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, ~~ differentiating finer shades of meaning even in more complex situations . >-' ~~ >-w 1-U Can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognise implicit meaning. Can express him/herself fluently and spontaneously .. u without much obvious searching for expressions. Can use language I-.l.>l.".......'. Cfleaxni bplryo adnucde e cffleeacrt,i vweelyll -fsotrr uscotcuirael,d a, cdaedteamileicd atenxdt porno fceosmsipolneaxl spuubrpjeocstes,s . >-' showing controlled use of organisational patterns, connectors and ~ft >-w cohesive devices. 1-U Can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in his/her field of specialisation. Can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. Can produce clear, detailed text on a wide range of subjects and explain a viewpoint on a topical issue giving the advantages and disadvantages of various options. Can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. Can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. Can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. Can describe experiences and events, dreams, hopes and ambitions and briefly give reasons and explanations for opinions and plans. Can understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate relevance (e.g. very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment). Can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information on familiar and routine matters. Can describe in simple terms aspects of his/her background, immediate environment and matters in areas of immediate need. Can understand and use famili r everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. Can :;;: introduce him/herself and others and can ask and answer questions ................. about personal details such as where he/she lives, people he/she knows -> and things he/she has. Can interact in o simple way provided the other >-' person talks slowly and clearly and is prepared to help. ~ff >-w 1-U <0 Council of Europe. www.coe.int/lang. Extract reproduced with the permission of the Council of Europe, Strasbourg • Teach Yourself Complete Urdu David Matthews and Mohamed Kasim Dalvi For UK order enquiries: please contact Bookpoinr Lid, 130 Millon Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX.4 ,PB. Telq>hone: +44 (o) 11lS 817710. Fax: +44 (o) <1lS 4004S4· Unes are open Q9.oo-r7.oo, Monday 10 Sanuday. wilh a 14-how messasc answering service. Details abour our titles and how to order arc available at WWW tr¥hyoogclfmm For USA order enquiries: please contact McGraw-Hill Cus!omer Servica, PO Box S4S· Blacklick, OH 4l004-oS4S· USA. Telephone: r-Boo-711-472.6. Fax: r-6<4·7SS·S64S· For Canada order enquiries: please contact McGraw-Hill Ryenon Lid, 300 Wa<er Sr. Whilby, Onwio LrN 986, Canada. Telephone: 90S 430 sooo. Fax: 90S 430 so1o. Long renowned as me aulhori<aliV< source for self-guided learning -widt more dtan so million copies sold worldwide -me Tam YOIIIIIIf series includes OV<r SOO !ides in me flelds of languages, crafo, hobbies, business, computing and education. British Libnzry ClwtiDpi"t in PobliuJi.n 0...: a awogue reeonl for !his ride is available from dte Bririah Ubrary. Libnzry •Jumps Ca1tJs: C.rr/ N~m~brr. on file. Finr published in UK 1999 as TNJJ YD-'f Urr/M by Hodder Eduarion, pan ofHachene UK.))S Eu.ron Road, London NWr 3BH. Fim published in US 1999 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. Inc. This edidon published 1010. The Tado Yoanolf name is a registered trade mark of Hachette UK. Copyright c 1999. 100), 1007. 1010 David Matthews and Mohammed Kasim Dalvi In UK: All righa rescned. Apan from any permitted use under UK copy right law, no pan of dtis publication may be reproduced or rranamitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including pho<oeopy, reeonling. or any information, sto"'&" and retrieval system, widtout permis sion in writing from me publisher or under licence from me Copyright Ucenaing Ag<ncy Umi<ed. Further deraih of such licences (for reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from me Copyright UC%JIIing Ag<ncy Umi<ed, of Saffion House, &-10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. In US: All righa resc:rV<d. Except as permitted under dte Uni<ed States Copyright Aa of 1976, no pan of !his publicadon may be reproduced or distribu<ed in any form or by any means, or 110<ed in a database or mrieval system, without the prior written pcnni.aion of the publisher. Typeset by MPS Umi<ed, a Macmillan Company. Printed in Grar Britain for Hodder Eduadon, an Hachette UK Company. l)8 Euston Road, London NWr 3BH. The publisher has used irs best endeavoun 10 ensure dtat me URLs for cxrcmal. websitcs referred to in this book are corRCt and active at the time of going 10 press. However, !he publisher and dte audtor ha..: no responai blliry for dte websitcs and an mala: no guarantee dtar a sire will remain n. . or rhar the content wiU remain relevant, decent or appropriate. Hachettc UK's policy is 10 use papen mar are natural, renewable and recyclable products and made from wood grown in oustainable foressa. The loging and manufacturing procesoes are expec<ed to conform 10 dte environmencal rqulatioru of the country of origin. Impression number ro 9 8 7 6 s 4 3 1 1 Year 1014 1013 10I1101110IO Contents Meet the authors vii Only got a minute? viii Only got five minutes? X Introduction x/1 Reading and writing Urdu XV 1 ~'f-IJI/Ju~.~Y,f-'(JJ.)J Hello! Where Is Vidorla Road? 1 Greeting people, saying hello and goodbye, asking for directions, identifying people, exchanging personal details and telephone numbers 2 ?.~..JJ/:f:-JJ..Jj_?-f:-f Please come In and take a seat 19 Introducing yourself, making polite conversation, formal and respectful expressions, describing your family, talking to children 3 ~'f-~~1/jt:/'~/'T' f Do you like Pakistani food? 42 Accepting invitations, expressing your needs, likes and dislikes, taking a taxi, ordering a meal in a restaurant 4 ~~•v iu1J..t; Life Is not so badl 63 Expressing possession, describing relationships, talking about origins, expressing your age, the geography and people of Pakistan 5 ~v.! L.f1 /J"'A'T' f What do you do every dayl 83 Talking about your work and daily routine, asking others about what they do, telling the time, the days of the week {J ''vL.~JY By the seaside 105 Leisure activities, some customs of Pakistan, schooling in Pakistan, identifying 'who?: 'whose?: 'someone' and 'someone's: talking about the weather, months and dates Contents iii 7 .•:: ....v.fJ!"'~"vL.•: -.~Irl We don't have a reservation 123 Describing what you are doing and going to do, booking rail tickets, using the telephone, finding hotels in another city 8 if:.J'-:"1.,?~ Can we have the blll1 140 Talking about future plans, checking out of a hotel, settling bills, hiring porters at the station 9 fi.)Jvl/~1.5~ Where Is my wlfe7 156 Talking about the past, boarding trains, making comparisons, more directions, life in Pakistan, arriving in a new city 10 r'f-J,vr..t~b't' What a splendid hotell 173 Asking permission and making requests, being hungry and thirsty, visiting the old bazaar, the history of Lahore 11 (IJ$~1.)$("'/'Y' fl.)! I'll show you my village 190 Describing what you used to do, discussing the weather, village life in Pakistan, the points of the compass, more ways of expressing dates, the 'Great Mughals' 'f-"irJ)f 12 I.)J We're off to Delhi 201 Saying what you have been doing, more on the telephone, excusing yourself for impoliteness, accepting hospitality 13 f~..t~cJLI.-J}L'Y' i Did you pack the luggage yourself? 227 Checking in at the airport, telling the time more precisely, fractions, dealing with talkative people, some religious observances v../J 14 ~V:.If'ml Let'stalk only In Urdu 246 Arriving in India from Pakistan, addressing Hindus and Sikhs, calling a doctor, coping with minor ailments, stating your date of birth iv \'V,T tf.y;t:JJ~Lrr L rJJ/"f" f How long have you been 15 inDelhl7 Announcing yourself to strangers, coping with requests, using the post office, students and colleges 16 ~'I', I:Jfli 1T Ladles and gentlemen 283 Making a formal speech, saying what you have to do, saying 'perhaps' and 'although: problems faced by Asians abroad d 17 ./:.( Bring down the prlcel 298 Saying if you had done something, saying things keep happening, buying clothes in the bazaar, weddings Taking it further 316 Urdu-English vocabulary 319 English-Urdu vocabulary 352 Answer key 370 Appendix 1: numbers 420 Appendix 2: relations 423 Grammatical index 424 v Credits Front cover: © Mike Bousquet/iStockphoto.com Back cover and pack:© Jakub SemeniukliStockphoto.com, © Royalty-Free/ Corbis, © agencyby/iStockphoto.com, © Andy CookliStockphoto.com, © Christopher Ewing/iStockphoto.com, © zebicho - Fotolia.com, © Geoffrey Holman/iStockphoto.com, © PhotodisdGetty Images, © James C. Pruitt/ iStockphoto.com, © Mohamed Saber-Fotolia.com Pack: © Stockbyte/Getty Images vi Meet the authors Having taken my first degree in Classics at University College London, I went to Cambridge University to research into the connections of Greece with the Ancient Near East. For this, I was required to study a number of Semitic languages, principally Babylonian and Assyrian. In 1965 I was appointed to a lectureship in the phonetics of Indian languages at ·the School of Oriental and African Studies in London University. In the following year I transferred to the Department of South Asia, where for the next 40 years I taught Urdu and Nepali. During this time I was able to spend lengthy periods in the subcontinent, which I still visit frequently. For my doctoral thesis, I made a study of the early Urdu literature, which had been produced under the patronage of the Deccan Sultans between 1500 and 1700 AD. I have published extensively on aspects of Urdu and Nepali language and literature and have been invited to address conferences in many pares of the world. For several years I served as Chief Examiner for the International Baccalaureate and have received many international awards for my services to Urdu literature. In 2009 I was awarded the Sitara-~ lmtiyaz ('Star of Distinction') by the Government of Pakistan. Apart from Urdu and Nepali, I also speak fluent French and Russian, in both of which I have published a number of works. I was born in 1932 at Dabhil, some 100 miles from Bombay (Mumbai) and had my entire education in Bombay, acquiring my first degree in English and Urdu literature at St Xavier's College, University of Bombay. I also have post-graduate degrees in geography, Urdu and Farsi. Following teacher training at St Xavier's Institute of Education, specializing in teaching English as a foreign/second language, I began teaching in Bombay, reaching the position of principal of a high school. Moving to Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, I was appointed head of the Aga Khan High School and later became headmaster ofA ga Khan Mzizime Higher Secondary School. During my stay in East Africa, I learnt Swahili. I also speak Gujarati, Hindi and Marathi fluently. I arrived in the United Kingdom in the spring of 1981 and began teaching English and Urdu at Leyton Senior High School in London. I soon became Head of Urdu and subsequently Co-ordinator of Community Languages and Deputy Head of the Multicultural Development Service in Waltham Forest and, finally, Head of the Bilingual Education project of the borough. I retired in 1996, but soon after retirement I began teaching Urdu at the Language Centre, SOAS, University of London. I was a member of the steering committee for graded assessment in modern foreign languages, Chief Examiner, Chief Moderator and Chair of Examiners for GCSE and A level Urdu examinations for the University of London school examinations council (now Edexcel). Meet the authors vii atlc»mu language of Pakistan, and, in India, of Jammu and Kashmir, is widely spoken in the subcontinent and also functions as a convenient means of communication among Indians and Pakistanis in the diaspora. Urdu first developed in and around Delhi after the Muslim conquests of India in the 13th century AD. It is written in an adapted form of the Arabic script and has acquired a large part of its vocabulary from Persian, which for a long time remained the language of the royal courts. Linguistically, it belongs to the Indo-European family and is thus related to English and many other European languages. Its literature goes back to the end of the 15th century AD and its poetry, in particular, has always been popular. Indeed, many'Bollywood'film songs reflect the long poetic tradition of Urdu and some of the best known lyrics have been composed by famous Urdu poets. viii