Xabier Larrucea Izaskun Santamaria Rory V. O'Connor Richard Messnarz (Eds.) Communications in Computer and Information Science 896 Systems, Software and Services Process Improvement 25th European Conference, EuroSPI 2018 Bilbao, Spain, September 5–7, 2018 Proceedings 123 Communications in Computer and Information Science 896 Commenced Publication in 2007 Founding and Former Series Editors: Phoebe Chen, Alfredo Cuzzocrea, Xiaoyong Du, Orhun Kara, Ting Liu, Dominik Ślęzak, and Xiaokang Yang Editorial Board Simone Diniz Junqueira Barbosa Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Joaquim Filipe Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Setúbal, Portugal Igor Kotenko St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia Krishna M. Sivalingam Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India Takashi Washio Osaka University, Osaka, Japan Junsong Yuan University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, USA Lizhu Zhou Tsinghua University, Beijing, China More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7899 Xabier Larrucea Izaskun Santamaria (cid:129) ’ Rory V. O Connor Richard Messnarz (Eds.) (cid:129) Systems, Software and Services Process Improvement 25th European Conference, EuroSPI 2018 – Bilbao, Spain, September 5 7, 2018 Proceedings 123 Editors Xabier Larrucea RoryV.O’Connor Tecnalia Bizkaia Schoolof Computing SanSebastián DublinCity University Spain Dublin Ireland IzaskunSantamaria Tecnalia Bizkaia Richard Messnarz SanSebastián I.S.C.N.GesmbH Spain Graz Austria ISSN 1865-0929 ISSN 1865-0937 (electronic) Communications in Computer andInformation Science ISBN 978-3-319-97924-3 ISBN978-3-319-97925-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97925-0 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018950532 ©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2018 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynow knownorhereafterdeveloped. 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ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface Systems, Software and Services Process Improvement – 25th European Conference, EuroSPI2 2018, September 5–7, 2018 Thistextbookcomprisestheproceedingsofthe25thEuroSPIConference,heldduring September 5–7, 2018 in Bilbao, Spain. At EuroSPI 2018 new workshop communities were formed based on the coopera- tion with the EU Blueprint for Automotive project DRIVES (2018–2021) and the medicaldeviceindustry.Therefore,wehaveextendedthescopeoftheconferencefrom software process improvement and systems, software and service-based process improvement, as well as systems and product improvement, to include and cover the whole life cycle of products. Since 2008, EuroSPI partners have packaged SPI knowledge in job role training and established a European certification association (www.ecqa.org) to transport this knowledge Europe wide using standardized certifi- cation and exam processes. Conferences were held in Dublin (Ireland) in1994, in Vienna (Austria) in1995, in Budapest (Hungary) in 1997, in Gothenburg (Sweden) in 1998, in Pori (Finland) in 1999,inCopenhagen(Denmark)in2000,inLimerick(Ireland)in2001,inNuremberg (Germany) in 2002, in Graz (Austria) in 2003, in Trondheim (Norway) in 2004, in Budapest (Hungary) in 2005, in Joensuu (Finland) in 2006, in Potsdam (Germany) in 2007, in Dublin (Ireland) in 2008, in Alcala (Spain) in 2009, in Grenoble (France) in 2010, in Roskilde (Denmark) in 2011, in Vienna (Austria) in 2012, Dundalk (Ireland) in2013,inLuxembourgin2014,inAnkara(Turkey)2015,inGraz(Austria)in2016, and in Ostrava (Czech Republic) in 2017. EuroSPIisaninitiativewiththefollowingmajoractionlineshttp://www.eurospi.net: (cid:129) Establishing an annual EuroSPI conference supported by software process improvement networks from different EU countries. (cid:129) EstablishingasocialmediastrategywithgroupsinLnkedIn,Facebook,Twitterand online statements, speeches, and keynotes on YouTube, and a set of proceedings and recommended books. (cid:129) Establishing an effective team of national representatives (from each EU country) growing step by step into more countries of Europe. (cid:129) Establishing a European Qualification Framework for a pool of professions related toSPIandmanagement.ThisissupportedbyEuropeancertificatesandexamination systems. VI Preface EuroSPI has established a joint newsletter with the European Certification and Qualification Association (www.eurospi.net, in the menu “About EuroAsiaSPI”), the SPI Manifesto (SPI = Systems, Software and Services Process Improvement), a set of socialmediagroupsincludingaselectionofpresentationsandkeynotesfreelyavailable on YouTube, and access to job role-based qualification through the European Certi- fication and Qualification Association (www.ecqa.org). AtypicalcharacterizationofEuroSPIisreflectedinastatementmadebyacompany: “… the biggest value of EuroSPI lies in its function as a European knowledge and experience exchange mechanism for SPI and innovation.” Sinceitsinitiationin1994inDublin,theEuroSPIinitiativehasoutlinedthatthereis notasinglesilverbulletwithwhichtosolveSPIissues,butthatyouneedtounderstand a combination of different SPI methods and approaches to achieve concrete benefits. Therefore, each proceedings volume covers a variety of different topics, and at the conference we discuss potential synergies and the combined use of such methods and approaches. These proceedings contain selected research papers under six headings: (cid:129) Section I: SPI Context and Agility (cid:129) Section II: SPI and Safety Testing (cid:129) Section III: SPI and Management Issues (cid:129) Section IV: SPI and Assessment (cid:129) Section V: SPI and Safety Critical (cid:129) Section VI: Selected Keynotes and Workshop Papers SectionIpresentsthreepapersrelatedtotheissueofthecontextofSPIandtheagile context in particular, and the impact context has on the software process. Section II explores the issues of both safety and testing from an SPI perspective. Section III presents three papers dealing with issues surrounding the topic of management issues as it relates to SPI, including change management, knowledge management, and project management. Section IV discusses issues surrounding assessment of software process, including cultural awareness and improvement planning. Section V explores thethemeofsafety-critical softwarefromanSPIviewpointandalso combiningsafety and security. Section VI presents selected keynotes from EuroSPI workshops concerning the future of SPI. From 2010 onwards, EuroSPI invites recognized key researchers to publish their thoughts about new future directions of SPI. These key messages are discussed in interactive workshops and help create SPI communities based on new topics. ThefirstsetofpapersrelatestotheGamifySPIworkshopandexploresGamification and Persuasive Games for Software Process Improvement, Information Technology, andInnovationManagement.ThesecondcollectionofpapersrelatestothetopicofSPI in Industry 4.0 – The Digitalization of Design and Manufacturingand elaborates a set of best practices and success factors for the implementation of industry 4.0. The third collectionofpaperssurroundsthetopicofBestPracticesinImplementingTraceability. The fourth collection discusses the topic of Good and Bad Practices in Improvement with key contributions from European initiatives, which developed best practices for SPI. The fifth collection of papers relates to the topic of Functional Safety and addresses best practices from automotive industry to cope with cyber security and Preface VII functional safety. The sixth collection addresses experiences with Agile and Lean and examinesaseriesofsuccessfactorsandexamplesofbeingleanandagile.Theseventh collection of papers addresses the topic of Standards and Assessment Models and examinesdifferentISOstandardsandassessmentmodelswillbeintroduced,explained, and discussed. The eighth collection of papers addresses Team Skills and Diversity Strategiesandexaminesavariertyoforganizationalandhumanfactorsastheyrelateto SPI. The ninth set of papers deals with the critical domain of SPI in Medical Device Industry. Finally the tenth set of papers covers Empowering the Future Infrastructure and specifically skills and improvements needs. September 2018 Xabier Larrucea Izaskun Santamaria Rory V. O’Connor Richard Messnarz Recommended Further Reading In [1] the proceedings of three EuroSPI conferences were integrated into one book, which was edited by 30 experts in Europe. The proceedings of EuroSPI 2005 to 2017 inclusive have been published by Springer [2–14]. References 1. Messnarz,R.,Tully,C.(eds.):BetterSoftwarePracticeforBusinessBenefit–Principlesand Experience,409pages. IEEEComputer Society Press,Los Alamitos (1999) 2. Richardson, I., Abrahamsson, P., Messnarz, R. (eds.): Software Process Improvement. LNCS,vol.3792, p.213.Springer, Heidelberg (2005) 3. Richardson, I., Runeson, P., Messnarz, R. (eds.): Software Process Improvement. LNCS, vol.4257,pp. 11–13.Springer, Heidelberg (2006) 4. Abrahamsson, P., Baddoo, N., Margaria, T., Messnarz, R. (eds.): Software Process Improvement.LNCS,vol. 4764,pp. 1–6.Springer, Heidelberg (2007) 5. O’Connor, R.V., Baddoo, N., Smolander, K., Messnarz, R. (eds): Software Process Improvement.CCIS, vol.16,Springer, Heidelberg (2008). 6. O’Connor, R.V., Baddoo, N., Gallego C., Rejas Muslera R., Smolander, K., Messnarz, R. (eds): Software ProcessImprovement. CCIS,vol.42, Springer,Heidelberg (2009). 7. RielA.,O’Connor,R.V.TichkiewitchS.,Messnarz,R.(eds):Software,System,andService ProcessImprovement. CCIS,vol.99, Springer, Heidelberg(2010). 8. O’Connor, R., Pries-Heje, J. and Messnarz R., Systems, Software and Services Process Improvement,CCIS Vol. 172,Springer-Verlag, (2011). 9. Winkler, D., O’Connor, R.V. and Messnarz R. (Eds), Systems, Software and Services ProcessImprovement, CCIS 301,Springer-Verlag, (2012). 10. McCaffery, F., O’Connor, R.V. and Messnarz R. (Eds), Systems, Software and Services ProcessImprovement, CCIS 364,Springer-Verlag, (2013). 11. Barafort, B., O’Connor, R.V. and Messnarz R. (Eds), Systems, Software and Services ProcessImprovement, CCIS 425,Springer-Verlag, (2014). 12. O’Connor, R.V. Akkaya, M., Kemaneci K., Yilmaz, M., Poth, A. and Messnarz R. (Eds), Systems,SoftwareandServicesProcessImprovement,CCIS543,Springer-Verlag,(2015). 13. Kreiner, C., Poth., A., O’Connor, R.V., and Messnarz R. (Eds), Systems, Software and ServicesProcess Improvement,CCIS 633,Springer-Verlag, (2016). 14. Stolfa,J,Stolfa,S.,O’Connor,R.V.,andMessnarzR.(Eds),Systems,SoftwareandServices ProcessImprovement, CCIS 633,Springer-Verlag, (2017). Acknowledgments Some contributions published in this book have been funded with support from the European Commission. European projects (supporting ECQA and EuroSPI) con- tributed to this Springer book include: DRIVES – BLUEPRINT Project, InnoTEACH (LET’S BE INNOVATIVE! Development of Creativity, Innovation and Entrepreneurship),ELIC–EngineeringLiteracy,andEMVOI(ISO17024Certification for EU Project Managers). In this case the publications reflect the views only of the author(s), and the Com- mission cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.