Sustainable Cultural Management Edited by Łukasz Wróblewski, Ana Gaio and Ellen Rosewall Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Sustainability www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability Sustainable Cultural Management Sustainable Cultural Management SpecialIssueEditors ŁukaszWro´blewski AnaGaio EllenRosewall MDPI•Basel•Beijing•Wuhan•Barcelona•Belgrade Special Issue Editors Łukasz Wr´oblewski Ana Gaio WSB University City, University of London Poland UK Ellen Rosewall University of Wisconsin-Green Bay USA Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050) from 2018 to 2019 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ sustainability/special issues/Sustainable Cultural Management) For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName,A.A.; LastName,B.B.; LastName,C.C.ArticleTitle. JournalNameYear,ArticleNumber, PageRange. ISBN978-3-03921-598-0(Pbk) ISBN978-3-03921-599-7(PDF) (cid:2)c 2019bytheauthors. ArticlesinthisbookareOpenAccessanddistributedundertheCreative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon publishedarticles,aslongastheauthorandpublisherareproperlycredited,whichensuresmaximum disseminationandawiderimpactofourpublications. ThebookasawholeisdistributedbyMDPIunderthetermsandconditionsoftheCreativeCommons licenseCCBY-NC-ND. Contents AbouttheSpecialIssueEditors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii ŁukaszWro´blewski,AnaGaioandEllenRosewall SustainableCulturalManagementinthe21stCentury Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2019,11,4665,doi:10.3390/su11174665 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 ŁukaszWro´blewski,BogusławDziadziaandZdzisławaDacko-Pikiewicz SustainableManagementoftheOfferofCulturalInstitutionsintheCross-BorderMarketfor CulturalServices—BarriersandConditions Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,3253,doi:10.3390/su10093253 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 ŁukaszWro´blewskiandZdzisławaDacko-Pikiewicz Sustainable Consumer Behaviour in the Market of Cultural Services in Central European Countries:TheExampleofPoland Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,3856,doi:10.3390/su10113856 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 PierLuigiSacco,GuidoFerilliandGiorgioTavanoBlessi FromCulture1.0toCulture3.0: ThreeSocio-TechnicalRegimesofSocialandEconomicValue CreationthroughCulture,andTheirImpactonEuropeanCohesionPolicies Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,3923,doi:10.3390/su10113923 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 ŁukaszWro´blewski,KatarzynaBilin´ska-ReformatandMateuszGrzesiak SustainableActivityofCulturalServiceConsumersofSocialMediaUsers—Influenceonthe BrandCapitalofCulturalInstitutions Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,3986,doi:10.3390/su10113986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 ZheLiu,PieterUyttenhoveandXinZheng Moving Urban Sculptures towards Sustainability: The Urban Sculpture Planning System inChina Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,4802,doi:10.3390/su10124802 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 HailingWang,LibiaoBai,NingHuang,QiangDuandTingtingZhang Social Project Culture: A New Project Management Culture to Promote the Sustainable DevelopmentofOrganizations Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2019,11,202,doi:10.3390/su11010202. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 GailMarkle Understanding Pro-Environmental Behavior in the US: Insights from Grid-Group Cultural TheoryandCognitiveSociology Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2019,11,532,doi:10.3390/su11020532. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 AliciaMateos-RoncoandNievesPeiro´Torralba Sustainable Management of Contemporary Art Galleries: A Delphi Survey for the Spanish ArtMarket Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2019,11,541,doi:10.3390/su11020541. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 MinaFanea-Ivanovici FilmmakingandCrowdfunding:ARightMatch? Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2019,11,799,doi:10.3390/su11030799. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 v IzabelaLuizaPop,AncaBorza,AnutaBuiga,DianaIghianandRitaToader , AchievingCulturalSustainabilityinMuseums:AStepTowardSustainableDevelopment Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2019,11,970,doi:10.3390/su11040970. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 Yi-DeLiu EventandSustainableCulture-LedRegeneration: Lessonsfromthe2008EuropeanCapitalof Culture,Liverpool Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2019,11,1869,doi:10.3390/su11071869 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 YangYongchun,SunYanandWangWeiwei Research on Tibetan Folk’s Contemporary Tibetan Cultural Adaptive Differences and Its InfluencingFactors—TakingShigatseCity,Tibet,ChinaasanExample Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2019,11,1956,doi:10.3390/su11071956 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 JanSuchacek TheBenefitofFailure:OntheDevelopmentofOstrava’sCulture Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2019,11,2592,doi:10.3390/su11092592 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 MagdalenaSobocin´ska TheRoleofMarketinginCulturalInstitutionsintheContextofAssumptionsofSustainable DevelopmentConcept—APolishCaseStudy Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2019,11,3188,doi:10.3390/su11113188 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 YulinChen The Sustainable Development of Social Media Contents: An Analysis of Concrete and Abstract Information on Cultural and Creative Institutions with “Artist” and “Ordinary People”Positioning Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2019,11,4131,doi:10.3390/su11154131 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 vi About the Special Issue Editors Łukasz Wr´oblewski( PhD), Head of the Department of Management and Production Engineering at University of Dąbrowa G´ornicza, member of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Commission for Polish–Czech and Polish–Slovak Relations), Vice President of the Scientific Society of Organisation and Management, Branch in Dąbrowa G´ornicza.S ince 2016, doctor Łukasz Wr´oblewskih as been the Polish rapporteur at the “Arts Management Network” in Weimar. He is a representative of University of Dąbrowa G´orniczaa t “The European network on cultural management and policy” in Brussels. He also acts as an expert of the American Marketing Association. Since 2017, he has been the Editor-in-Chief of the renowned scientific journal Cultural Management: Science and Education published by Logos Verlag in Berlin. He is the author of nearly 100 scientific publications (including three independent monographs) in Polish and English dealing with the subject of cultural management. Ana Gaio (PhD). Dr Gaio has worked and researched in the cultural and creative sector for over 25 years, in the UK and internationally. In her time at City, University of London she has taught and researched in this area of study and currently leads the development of a new MA in Global Creative Industries. She has been an external examiner at various universities and teaches internationally. Her research interests include the formation of public policy (cultural policy in particular), and the evolution of the non-profit paradigm in creative and cultural organisations. She was part of the team that developed the UK’s Creative Industries Mapping for the UK’s Department of Culture, Media and Sport in 2001, which provided a blueprint for creative industries’ development in many other parts of the world. She has served on the boards of several creative organizations and sector bodies such as the Audience Agency, and currently serves on the Skills Working Group of the UK’s Creative Industries Federation. She is also a Vice-President of ENCATC (the European network for cultural policy and management education and research), an ex-officio member of the US Association of Arts Administration Educators’ board of directors, and an advisor to the China Arts Administration Education Association. Ellen Rosewall is Professor of Arts Management at University of Wisconsin and Coordinator of the Arts Management program. She has been Executive Director of Schola Cantorum (Palo Alto, CA), Interim Director and Capital Campaign Manager of the Green Bay Botanical Garden, and Director of Marketing and Development at the Weidner Center. She has been President of Arts Wisconsin, the Wisconsin Public Radio Association and the Northeastern Wisconsin Arts Council. In 2009 she was named an Arts in Crisis mentor through the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. She currently serves as Vice President of the Association of Arts Administration Educators, an international service organization for arts management academic programs. Professor Rosewall is the author of Arts Management: Bringing Arts and Audiences Together in the 21st Century, published in 2013 by Oxford University Press and renowned as the standard textbook for introductory Arts Management courses. vii sustainability Editorial Sustainable Cultural Management in the 21st Century ŁukaszWróblewski1,*,AnaGaio2andEllenRosewall3 1 ResearchInstituteonTerritorialandInter-OrganizationalCooperation,UniversityofDa˛browaGórnicza, Cieplaka1c,41-300Da˛browaGórnicza,Poland 2 DepartmentofSociology,City,UniversityofLondon,NorthamptonSquare,LondonEC1V0HB,UK 3 DepartmentofArtsManagement,UniversityofWisconsin-GreenBay,2420NicoletDr., GreenBay,WI54311,USA * Correspondence:[email protected];Tel.:+48-692-344-057 Received:23August2019;Accepted:23August2019;Published:27August2019 Theconnectionsbetweencultureandsustainabilityhavebeeninthepublicagendasincethe20th century.However,whilstglobalsustainabilityprogrammesatinternationalinstitutionallevelsareyet torecognisetheroleofcultureinitssustainabilitypolicies,thebid(albeitfailed)intheearly2000s toformallyadd‘culture’tothetrilogyofsustainabilitypillars(economic,socialandenvironmental) mobiliseda newdiscourse forthereframingofcultural policynarrative, which inturnurgeda reassessmentofmethodsofculturalmanagementreflectingthesameconcernsamongthesector’s grassroots. Theideaofsustainabilityandcultureworkingtogetherandtheirenvisionedrolein future-proofingsocietyandhumandevelopmentcapturedtheimaginationofculturalcommentators, policymakersandpractitionersalike,keentofulfiltheseprinciples‘outthere’;inculturalorganizations andeventsmegaandsmall,incitiesandregions,localandglobal. ThepapersinthisSpecialIssue reflectthisappeal. Theyalsoechothesemanticjourneysandcomplexitiesinherentintheconceptsofsustainability andcultureandtheirinterface.Thedefinitionofsustainabilityasaparadigmwithinwhichtointerpret biologicalandsocialinterdependencies[1]contrastswithmoredescriptivetemporalandspatial accounts but provides an important clue about the (eco) systemic nature of this concept and its contingencyonthe‘interdependency’ofsystems’elements,whichiswhatmightneedtobe‘managed’. Thesubsequentapplicationofthetermtoprocessesofdevelopment[1]shiftedtheemphasisfrom sustainabilitytosustainabledevelopment,lendingaprocessualconnotation,ifnottangibility,tothe sustainabilitydiscourse. Alongsimilarlines, theapplicationoftheseconceptstobusiness(asto manyotherdisciplines),acknowledgeditsembeddedness,inotherwords,itsinterdependencieswith societyandtheenvironmentandstressedtherelevanceofthesustainabilityvisiontobusiness(and therefore)tomanagement,codifiedinthe‘triplebottomline’framework[2]. Hence,sustainable (business)managementisconcernedwithattaining,amongstotherthings,aneconomically,socially, andenvironmentallyresponsiblesocietyandindoingsowithengaginginandsecuringsustainable development.Morespecifically,asystemcanalsobeseenfromaninternal,organizationalperspective andtheresource-basedperspectivethatiscommontosustainabilityandmanagement,oftenfocusingon theeconomic‘pillar’andexpressingaconcernforeconomicviability,isalsostudiedasanorganizational subsetofsustainablemanagement. Cultureisanequallycomplexandmultifacetedterm,commonlyevokedasthebroadandinclusive artsandculturesectorandaswaysoflifeandcollectiveidentities.Attheheightoftheinternational debate,adecadeorsoago,overthevalueofcultureandthe(perceiveddevelopment)valueofa thenemergentcreativeeconomy(NorthandSouth,EastandWest),itwasamatteroftimebefore theculturalandsustainabilitypolicyagendasintersected. Varioustheorieshaveexpoundedthe relationshipbetweencultureandsustainabilityand,similarly,sustainabledevelopment[1,3–5],though theseinvariablypostulatetheuseofculture,itsmanifestationsortheiroperation,asaninstrument, asasubjectofsustainability.Cultureinitsvariousexpressionsresonatesonmanylevelsofpeople’s Sustainability2019,11,4665;doi:10.3390/su11174665 1 www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability