SUPPLEMENT 120 THE MAGISTRATES THE ROMAN REPUBLIC OF by T‘. ROBERT 5; EEOUGHTON BIIYN HAWI COLLEE PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN PHILOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION 1960 To be ordered through the Secretary of the Association HARRY L. LEVY. HUNTER COLLEGE IN THE BRONX NEW YORK N. Y. 63. through or B. H. BLACKWELL, LTD., 50 BROAD ST.. OXFORD, ENGLAND G0 gle FOREWORD I wish to thank most heartily the Directors of the American Philological Association for permission to add this Supplement to the new issue by photo-ofiset of Volume II of The Magistrates of the Roman Republic. The opportunity is the welcome not only because the years more seven which have intervened since publication have brought to light of errors commission and omission but also because evidence has been new accumu- lating and many important reviews and studies have appeared. Pressure of time and need for brevity have prevented me from doing justice to many of them, but I hope that these notes and the bibliography will enable all who interested to find them. are In this Supplement the arrangement by years of the original volumes has been discarded in the interest of brevity and convenience, and, ex- cepting a few pages of Errata which follow the pagination of the volumes, remarks and discussions have been organized about the These names. have been listed in the order of the Index of Careers and those which have been added starred. Many dates must still remain in doubt, are but in general, unless there is evidence for earlier date, oflices an are listed under the latest possible. Moreover, the terms of many pro- one magistrates did not coincide with the official year but began late or ex- tended until arrived. Many such partial years ignored. on a successor are Differences of opinion among numismatists the attribution and the on dating of much of the coinage suggest that the criteria for dating still require extensive review, though such recent contributions those of as A. Alfoldi, C. Kraay, and H. B. Mattingly, show that progress is being made. The titulature of many provincial governors remains imprecise. It may be that many who termed praetors in the texts really had are an -imperium pro consuls, Mommsen held and R. E. Smith is the most as as recent to point out. I much to many colleagues who have sent offprints have owe me or written have otherwise aided to become of recent studies. me or me aware I wish to make special acknowledgment to Sir Ronald Syme for the splen- did contributions contained in his review in Classical Philology in 1955 and in his article “Missing Senators” in Historia in the year, and in on same number of his other studies besides, to T. J. Cadoux who, at great a expenditure of time and labor, sent long and detailed criticism me a em- bodying many of the results of his researches the Senate of the own on iii G0 gle iv FOREWORD ' late Republic, and to Lily Ross Taylor who discussed many points with me and generously allowed me to use material on senators whose tribes known from her forthcoming book the Roman Tribes.‘ E. are on Badian’s recent articles and his book on Foreign Clientelae (264—70 B. C.) have been important aids, F. R. Walton sent corrections of references me and other material Diodorus Siculus, and J. Suolahti’s study of The on Junior Oflicers of the Roman Army in the Republican Period has helped me to complete the lists of them. To these and to many more I wish to express my gratitude. Responsibility for phrasing and conclusions remains with me. T. Robert Broughton S. Italy Rome, November 15, 1959 Notes and items to which they have contributed designated by the letters are ‘ RS, GP; E8, M8; TJC; and LRT, respectively. G0 gle LEE -Q-‘L _-‘x'L'..- .ue'-J3... CONTENTS Forewol-d.. iii .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Additionsa.ndCorrections 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Errata 72 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Bib1idgraphy.. 75 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Concordance of numbers in the Index of Careers and in the relevant articles in Pauly-Wissowa, Realencyclopfidie, published azince 1952 82 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. G0 316: ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS Vislus Accsus (*2, now 8), Praef. soc. 212. He should be indexed under Accaus, since Vibius is here Paelignian cognomen. (RS, CP) a ‘C. Ac1LIUs (4). The historian at least of senatorial rank (Gell. was 6.14.9, senators; Plut. Cat. Mac‘. 2.2.4, drfip é-ndaarlis; cf. Cic. 013'. 3.113; Liv. Per. 52). ‘M. AcILIUs M. VOL. (1). Senator named in the S. C. of 170 (SIG' 646). 1’. Mommsen suggested that the mention of his tribe was a means of dis- tinguishing him from members of the leading branch of the Acilii, the Glabriones (EE 1.288; see no. 36). He should be attributed to the Balbi, one of whom was consul in 150. (LRT) M. AcIL1Us CANINUS (15). Delete the entry “Q.? Sicily, p. 478.” The quaestor was M’. Aeilius (11), listed earlier. See p. 285, note 3. The of the urban quaestor before 28 (no. 28; CIL 1'.2.810——ILS 892) name favors the praenomen M. here. Grant (FI TA 17) identifies the untitled quaestor in Sicily (p. 285, note 8) with the suifect consul of 33 (no. 16), but on p. 81 gives the consul his correct cognomen Glabrio. (TJC) M’. AcIL1Us C. f. L. n. GLABRIO (35), Cos. 191. An elogium, found at Luna, reads as follows: M’. Acilius O. f. |Scarpea cepi (R. U. Inglieri, NSA 1952, fasc. 7-12, 20—ILLRP 321 a). See 1.352. M’. Acimvs GLABRIO (37), Tr. pl. 122? In an important treatise (Athenaeum 31 [1953] 1—100), G. Tibiletti shows that repetition of the article in the formula in which the Rubrian and the Acilian laws are (I mentioned in the treaty between Rome and Astypalaea G l2.3.l73—— IGRP 4.1028) implies that they two separate laws and may have were separate dates. With this disappears the chief basis for dating the tribunate of Acilius in the same year with that of Rubrius (2, cf. 9), whose bill created the colony of Carthage, and support for the claim one that the law in part preserved the Tabula Bembina is in fact the Lex on Acilia de repetundis. Tibiletti holds that the law preserved the on Tabula the Lex Sempronia itself, and that the Lex Acilia carried was was later, superseding it, but must be dated before the use of the tablet for the text of the Lex Agraria of 111. The tribunatc, or perhaps the master- ship, of M’. Acilius Glabrio should be dated between 121 and 111, and the law mentioned in the treaty with Astypalaea may be referred to the 1 G0 gle 2 THE MAGISTRAT OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC time. E. Badian the other hand the apparent order of same on uses the Gracchan proposals, Cicero's statement in Van‘. 1.51 regarding the Lex Acilia, and the stemma of the Acilii Glabriones, to hold that the law preserved the Tabula Bembina the Lex Acilia. He accepts on was the division between the Lex Rubria and the Lex Acilia, placing the tribunate of Rubrius in 123 and that of Acilius in 122 (AJPh 75 (1954) 374-384). See also on C.? Rubrius (2, cf. 9), Q. Servilius Caepio (49), and C. Servilius Glaucia (65). ‘M. Asnoms CALVINUB (1.475), Prefect in Samos, uncertain date. He honored with his wife Magilia in Samian inscription with lettering was a of the first century B. C. (SEG 1.388). His daughter Aeficia Calvina (I was honored in Athens G 2’ 4243; cf. Suet. Gramm. 3). (RS, CP) L. Asnms Lama (75) Pr. 42. Delete the notice of a praetorship in 43 on p. 338. On p. 359, refer also to Val. Max. 1.8.12. (TJC; RS, CP) P. AELIUs Q. f. P. n. Psszrus (101), Leg., Arnb., 196. On p. 337, refer also to SIG‘ 591, line 70, on this embassy. ‘L. AELIU3 Tussno (150). Insert with the entries: Leg., Lieut. Asia 61-59, Pr. Promag., assigned Africa 49. (RS, CP) ?, L. AELIUs TUBEBO (152). For the praenomen ‘L.’, read ‘P.’ On the chronological problem of his aedileship in 202, see below, on C. Servilius Geminus (60), Diet. 202. ‘Q. AELIUS Tunsso (156). A of L. Aelius Tubero (150) the famou son ; jurisconsult to whom Dionysius of I-Ialicarnassus dedicated his essay on Thucydides, husband of daughter of Servius Sulpicius, with who a sons attained the consulship in 11 and 4, respectively, he was almost certainly (PIR’ a senator before 31 1.25, no. 157, and 45, no. 274; De Laet, nos. 7 and 12). L. Asmmos Q. f. Q. n. BARBULA (31), Cos. 281. P. Léveque (Pyrrhus 281, note 5) credits the consuls of 281 with the stratagem described in Frontin. 1.4.1 (cf. 4.4.2), which is credited to Papus (Paullus) (112), Cos. 278, on 1.194. M. Asmnms L. f. Q. n. BARBULA (33), C03. 230. A tantalising fragment of an Elogium, inscribed in letters of the first century after Christ, was found late in 1950 in Brundisium at the probable site of the ancient forum. (Il II, It was published by F. Ribezso Carrocio del Sud, 8. Vol. 4.2, Feb., 1951, not available to me) and more recently by G. Vitueci (RFIC 31 [1953] 43-61). The text, with Vitucci’s admittedly uncertain supple- ments, reads follows: as G0 gle ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS 3 Primus senatum legit et comitila ordinavit M. Iunio Pera M.] Barbula circumsedit vi [cepitque Tarentum praesi] cos. diumque Hannibalis et prae[dam ingentem. Solus e viris] militaribus praecipuum glor[iam cunctando sibi par-avit.] Vitucci considers it elogium of M. Fabius Cunctator and would refer an the first phrases to his censorship in 230 with the suggestion that they place the reform of the centuriate assembly at that date. L. R. Taylor (AJPh 78 [1957] 351—353) holds that the reform should be kept in the censorship of 241 (Liv. Per. 20) when the last two tribes were created, and that the phrase “Primus senatum legit et comitia .” refers rather . . to the achievement of the Fabius in completing these portions of censor his duties within year consulship. Earlier had carried one or one censors through lections of the Senate. The relationship of the inscription to the colony of Brundisium is not clear, yet the for omission of nor reason much of the material in other elogia of the Cunctator. Gabba’s View therefore that it honors local magistrate of the first period of the colony a seems preferable (Athenaeum 36 [1958] 90-105). ‘Q. Amumos Lsrmus Pat. (78). Pliny (NH 7.181) includes him in a list of sudden deaths, taken from Verrius Flaccus, after the names of two senators and before that of C. Aufustius, in senatum iret. Pos- cum sibly father of M. Aemilius Q. f. M. n. Lepidus (72), Cos. 78, or a son of M. Aemilius M. f. Q. Lepidns (73), the IIIvir p. (RS, MS) n. r. c. Q. AEIIILIUB Lsrmos (79), Cos. 21. Read XV vir s. 1., not X vir. His filiation was M’. f., and he may perhaps be identified with the Barbula named in App. B0 4.49 (Borghesi 5.289 17.). (TJC) There is no sign however that the cognomen Barbula was included in Fast. Cup. for 21. P. Asmmos P. f. Lsrrnus (not in RE), Proq. Crete 43-42. As the known Aemilii Lepidi did not use the praenomen P., the nomen of P. Lepidus remains uncertain. Syme suggests that he may be an Aemilius who had possed by adoption into another gens (CPI: 50 [1955] 135). L. A1::u1LIns Q. f. CN. PAPUS (108), Cos. 225. Refer also to Diod. 11. 25.13. L. A.s1m.IUs L. f. M. n. P.wLL.Us (114), Procos. 190 and 189. The title Imperator the inscription of Lascuta (OIL 1’.2.6l4-—ILS 15), which on is dated a. d. XII K. Feb:-., shows that his victory was won in the consular year 190. Ernst Meyer (Erasmus 6, nos. 13-14, col. 480) notes that his imperium was not formally prorogued for 189. But he probably con- tinued to hold it until his return to Italy. Paullus was sent to Farther Spain as a praetor in 191, but with the imperium of a proeonsul (Plut. G0 gle 4 THE MAGISTRATES OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC Aem. 4.1). Jashemski is, I believe, correct in her View that throughout this period the governors of Spain, though sent praetors, held the as imperium of proconsuls (Origin and History of the Proconsular and Propraetorian Imperium to 27 B. (7., 41-47). A. H. MacDonald offers explanation of the inconsistencies in Livy’s record of titles that as an one source treated them as praetore and another as proconsuls (JRS 43 [1953] 143 f.; and see his references to Kahrstedt and to Klotz, -iln'd.). L. AFRANIUS A. f. (6), Cos. 60, Legate in Spain in 72: refer also on p. 49 to Val. Max. 7.6, ext. 2; Flor. 2.10.9. ‘L. AFRANIUS L. f. (not in RE). Honored as a patron at Magnesia on the Maeander (I. Mag. 143), and at Caunus along with his brother v. Aulus (G. E. Bean, JHS 74 [1954] 90, no. 26-——A. Epig. 1957, no. 165). Perhaps a son of the consul of 60, but not specifically termed a magistrate senator. or a ‘P. AL. Oflicer at Octavian’s naval base at Lipara 37-36, see p. 406. Grant (FITA 52-4) suggests P. Alfenus Varus, cos. 2 A. D., but Cadoux favors his father, P. Alfenus Varus, Cos. suff. 39. (TJC) *ALB1Us (2). Since Cicero, De Or. 2.281 reads Albium, there is evi- no dence for the praenomen of the possible quaestor of 120 (if that i the approximate date). ‘SEX. ALBEsIUs (or ALBEDIUS) (1), senator in 43 (Cic. Phil. 13.28). An unattested Syme notes of Albisius and example of nomen. cases one Albidius (RS, MS) Albedius is read in three of the manuscripts. A1.r1DIUs, AEM. Maternal grandfather of Livia. A municipal magis- trate of Fundi who held honoree in Rome (Suet. Cal. 23, with the reading Aufidium Lyrgmwm; cf. Tib. 5). The name of Livia’s mother is given as Alfidia in ILS 125. (LRT) See additions and corrections, p. 647. *P. ALF(1Us?) or ALI-‘(I-JNUS?) PRIMUB. Legatus pro praetore of the proconsul of Achaea, named in inscription of Olympia (I. Olymp. an v. 235) of the late republican or the early Augustan period (De Laet, no. 439 bis; PIR’ A. 515). (TJC) T. AuPIUs BALBUB (1), Procos. Asia 58. The reading Ampio in Cic. Pam. 3.7.5 (cf. 1.3.2) implies that Ampius Balbus, proconsul in Asia in 58-57, also the immediate predecessor of Lentulus Spinther in was Cilicia in 57-56. This cannot be due to the transfer of the three Phrygian dioceses from Asia to Cilicia at that time, for C. Fabius Hadrianus issued coins in Laodiceia and Apameia in that year (p. 203) proconsul in Asia. as Magie (Roman Rule in Asia Minor, 1247) suggests that he received G0 gle ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS 5 Cilicia the year after he was in Asia by a special grant, and Syme (CPI: 50 [1955] 130; cf. Anat. Stud. Buckler 301) that this was arranged when Syria substituted for Gabinius’ original province of Cilicia, better was a solution than the suggestion (p. 197 above) that Ampio in Cic. Fem. 3.7.5 may be an error for Fabio. ‘AN. An ofiicer at the triumviral naval base at Lipara in 37-36, see p. 406, and p. 478, among possible quaestors. ‘M. AN1c1Us (4). Praenestine praetor, commander of the Praenestines who served at Casilinum in 216 (Liv. 23.19.17). (RS, CP) L. ANNI(Us), Q. Sicily, uncertain date. See p. 406, where he appears among supposed oflicers of the triumvirs in 37-36 at the naval base in Lipara. ‘L. ANNIUS (not in RE). He was removed from the Senate by the Censors of 307 for divorcing his wife without having taken counsel with his friends (Val. Max. 2.9.2). (RS, MS) Q. ANNIUs (18), senator in 63. The full name is Q. Annius Chilo (Cic. Cat. 3.14, accepting Helm’s emendation of Manlium of the mss.). Sax. ANN., Q. Sicily, uncertain date. See p. 406, where he appears among supposed officers of the triumvirs at the naval base in Lipara in 37-36. ‘P. ANNIUB Assume (31, but with the praenomen 0.). A senator who died in 75 (Cic. Verr. 2.1.104, with praenomen C., 107 and 113; 2.2.21, senatoris). Note the quaestor in Sicily, P. Ann. or P. Ani., p. 478. MS) (RS, T. ANN1Us Cinema (37), Pr. by 44: read Pr. 44. T. ANN1Us RUFUS (78), Pr. 131. A milestone bearing the number CCLX, presumably the 260th milestone of the Via Popilia (see 132, Consuls), recently discovered at Onofrio (Catanzaro) little to the north- was S. a of Vibo Valentia. The inscription, CCLX/T. Annius T. f./Pr., ea.st refers to the praetorsbip, not otherwise directly attested, of the Consul of 128. It should therefore be dated in or earlier than 131, but can hardly be earlier than 131 if C. Popfllius Laenas was in fact the builder of the highway from Capua to Rhegium (CIL 1’.2.637, 638—ILS 23) in 132, since the stone bears the name of Annius Rufus, not of Popillius. See L. Pitimada, NS 1953, fasc. 7 12, 34311, and for discussions of the road — building, probably in connection with the program of the Gracchan Commission, of Popillius and Annius, A. Degrassi, Inst. Ven. Sc. Lett. Art. (Atti del Convegno per il Retroterra Veneziano) 1956 35 40; — Philolopus 99 (1955) 259 265. Degrassi attributes to Annius the Via — G0 gle 6 THE MAGISTRATES OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC Annia which connected Aquileia with the south, Forum Anni in Lucania (Sail. Hist. 3.98 M), and the Via Annia in Etruria. P. ANTISTIUS (19), Aed. or Index 86. He is termed aedilicius in Velleius’ account of his death in 82 (2.26.3; see p. 57, note 3). (RS, CP) *(C. AN'r1s'r1Us) Rnomos (39). The Reginus to whom Cicero refers in May, 49 (Au. 10.l2.l), perhaps as a naval commander, may be identified with Caesar’s Legate in Gaul, 53 50. (TJC) (RS, CP) — C. ANTIs'r1Us VETUB (47), q. pro pr. Syria 45-43. Perhaps quaestor in Syria in 45, then continued in command. (TJC) On p. 308, the ref- erence to Velleius is 2.62.3, not 2.52.3. On his relationship to Caesar, see p. 214, note 2. C. ANTIU8 (4), Tr. pl. 68. The cognomen was almost certainly Restio (Macrob. 3.17.13). (TJC) M. AN'roN1Us M. f. M. (28), Cos. 99. Refer also to GIL 1’.2305— n. ILLRP 209. From Cic. Brut. 304 it is reasonable to infer that he served in the Social War, and, Badian thinks, of L. Caesar’s legates as was one (Historic 34lf.). 6 [1957] M. ANTONIUS M. f. M. n. (30), Quaestor 52. On p. 236, refer also to Cic. Mail. 40. Cos. 44. On the bill of Antony and Dolabella to assign land to veterans (p. 316), refer also to Cic. Fem. 11.2.3; Phil. 5.7 and 9; Die 45.9.1. He is mentioned, probably as III vir r. p. c., in an inscription of Ephesus which refers to honors for the deified Caesar. (Forsch. Ephesus, IV.3.280f., no. 4—A. Epig. 1952, no. 216). ‘Q. APoN1Us (6). A Pompeian ofiicer (Tr. mil.?) in Spain in 46 whom the soldiers placed in command against Trebonius (Die 43.29.3). L. APPULEIUB SATURNINU3 (29), Tr. pl. 103, 100. In Vol. 2, p. 645, I held that the continuance of the colony of Eporedia, founded in 100, showed that not all of the colonies of that year were annulled with the annulment of the laws of Saturninus, and that therefore the African settlements of Marius and the special commission to which the two Caesars belonged (1. 577, and 578, note 6) need not have preceded 100 B. C. Eporedia however was not founded as part of the Marian program but separately on recommendation of the X viri s. f. (Cassiod., ad arm. Ifthe 100; see Fraccaro, Op-uscula 3. 93 121). commission may bedated — before 100, so also may the beginnings of the careers of Julius Caesar's father (130) and of C. Julius Caesar Strabo (135), since the African settle- ments and the appointment of the commission may have depended on Saturninus' legislation in 103.. G0 gle