Summa Theologica by Saint Thomas Aquinas Summa Theologica Saint Thomas Aquinas Table of Contents About This Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. ii Title Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 1 First Part. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 2 Treatise on Sacred Doctrine (Q[1]). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 2 Question. 1 - The Nature and Extent of Sacred Doctrine (Ten Articles). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 2 Article. 1 - Whether, besides philosophy, any further doctrine is required?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 2 Article. 2 - Whether sacred doctrine is a science?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 3 Article. 3 - Whether sacred doctrine is one science?. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 4 Article. 4 - Whether sacred doctrine is a practical science?. . . . . . . p. 4 Article. 5 - Whether sacred doctrine is nobler than other sciences?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 5 Article. 6 - Whether this doctrine is the same as wisdom?. . . . . . . . p. 6 Article. 7 - Whether God is the object of this science?. . . . . . . . . . . p. 7 Article. 8 - Whether sacred doctrine is a matter of argument?. . . . . . p. 8 Article. 9 - Whether Holy Scripture should use metaphors?. . . . . . . p. 9 Article. 10 - Whether in Holy Scripture a word may have several senses?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 10 Treatise on The One God (QQ[2-26]). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 12 Question. 2 - The Existence of God (Three Articles). . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 12 Article. 1 - Whether the existence of God is self-evident?. . . . . . . . p. 12 Article. 2 - Whether it can be demonstrated that God exists?. . . . . . p. 13 Article. 3 - Whether God exists?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 14 Question. 3 - OF THE SIMPLICITY OF GOD (EIGHT ARTICLES). . . . . p. 16 Article. 1 - Whether God is a body?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 17 Article. 2 - Whether God is composed of matter and form?. . . . . . . p. 18 Article. 3 - Whether God is the same as His essence or nature?. . . . . p. 19 Article. 4 - Whether essence and existence are the same in God?. . . p. 20 Article. 5 - Whether God is contained in a genus?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 21 Article. 6 - Whether in God there are any accidents?. . . . . . . . . . . p. 22 Article. 7 - Whether God is altogether simple?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 23 Article. 8 - Whether God enters into the composition of other things?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 24 Question. 4 - THE PERFECTION OF GOD (THREE ARTICLES). . . . . p. 25 iii Summa Theologica Saint Thomas Aquinas Article. 1 - Whether God is perfect?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 25 Article. 2 - Whether the perfections of all things are in God?. . . . . . p. 26 Article. 3 - Whether any creature can be like God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 27 Question. 5 - OF GOODNESS IN GENERAL (SIX ARTICLES). . . . . . p. 29 Article. 1 - Whether goodness differs really from being?. . . . . . . . . p. 29 Article. 2 - Whether goodness is prior in idea to being?. . . . . . . . . . p. 30 Article. 3 - Whether every being is good?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 31 Article. 4 - Whether goodness has the aspect of a final cause?. . . . . p. 32 Article. 5 - Whether the essence of goodness consists in mode, species and order?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 33 Article. 6 - Whether goodness is rightly divided into the virtuous*, the useful and the pleasant? [*“Bonum honestum” is the virtuous good considered as fitting. (cf. SS, Q[141], A[3]; SS, Q[145])]. . . . . . . . . p. 34 Question. 6 - THE GOODNESS OF GOD (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . p. 35 Article. 1 - Whether God is good?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 36 Article. 2 - Whether God is the supreme good?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 36 Article. 3 - Whether to be essentially good belongs to God alone?. . . . p. 37 Article. 4 - Whether all things are good by the divine goodness?. . . . . p. 38 Question. 7 - THE INFINITY OF GOD (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . . p. 39 Article. 1 - Whether God is infinite?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 39 Article. 2 - Whether anything but God can be essentially infinite?. . . . p. 40 Article. 3 - Whether an actually infinite magnitude can exist?. . . . . . p. 41 Article. 4 - Whether an infinite multitude can exist?. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 43 Question. 8 - THE EXISTENCE OF GOD IN THINGS (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 44 Article. 1 - Whether God is in all things?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 44 Article. 2 - Whether God is everywhere?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 45 Article. 3 - Whether God is everywhere by essence, presence and power?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 46 Article. 4 - Whether to be everywhere belongs to God alone?. . . . . . p. 48 Question. 9 - THE IMMUTABILITY OF GOD (TWO ARTICLES). . . . . p. 49 Article. 1 - Whether God is altogether immutable?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 49 Article. 2 - Whether to be immutable belongs to God alone?. . . . . . p. 50 Question. 10 - THE ETERNITY OF GOD (SIX ARTICLES). . . . . . . . p. 52 Article. 1 - Whether this is a good definition of eternity, “The simultaneously-whole and perfect possession of interminable life”?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 52 Article. 2 - Whether God is eternal?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 53 Article. 3 - Whether to be eternal belongs to God alone?. . . . . . . . . p. 54 Article. 4 - Whether eternity differs from time?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 55 iv Summa Theologica Saint Thomas Aquinas Article. 5 - The difference of aeviternity and time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 57 Article. 6 - Whether there is only one aeviternity?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 58 Question. 11 - THE UNITY OF GOD (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . p. 60 Article. 1 - Whether “one” adds anything to “being”?. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 60 Article. 2 - Whether “one” and “many” are opposed to each other?. . . p. 61 Article. 3 - Whether God is one?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 62 Article. 4 - Whether God is supremely one?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 63 Question. 12 - HOW GOD IS KNOWN BY US (THIRTEEN ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 64 Article. 1 - Whether any created intellect can see the essence of God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 65 Article. 2 - Whether the essence of God is seen by the created intellect through an image?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 66 Article. 3 - Whether the essence of God can be seen with the bodily eye?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 67 Article. 4 - Whether any created intellect by its natural powers can see the Divine essence?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 68 Article. 5 - Whether the created intellect needs any created light in order to see the essence of God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 69 Article. 6 - Whether of those who see the essence of God, one sees more perfectly than another?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 70 Article. 7 - Whether those who see the essence of God comprehend Him?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 72 Article. 8 - Whether those who see the essence of God see all in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 73 Article. 9 - Whether what is seen in God by those who see the Divine essence, is seen through any similitude?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 74 Article. 10 - Whether those who see the essence of God see all they see in it at the same time?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 75 Article. 11 - Whether anyone in this life can see the essence of God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 76 Article. 12 - Whether God can be known in this life by natural reason?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 77 Article. 13 - Whether by grace a higher knowledge of God can be obtained than by natural reason?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 78 Question. 13 - THE NAMES OF GOD (TWELVE ARTICLES). . . . . . . p. 79 Article. 1 - Whether a name can be given to God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 80 Article. 2 - Whether any name can be applied to God substantially?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 81 v Summa Theologica Saint Thomas Aquinas Article. 3 - Whether any name can be applied to God in its literal sense?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 83 Article. 4 - Whether names applied to God are synonymous?. . . . . . p. 83 Article. 5 - Whether what is said of God and of creatures is univocally predicated of them?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 85 Article. 6 - Whether names predicated of God are predicated primarily of creatures?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 86 Article. 7 - Whether names which imply relation to creatures are predicated of God temporally?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 88 Article. 8 - Whether this name “God” is a name of the nature?. . . . . p. 90 Article. 9 - Whether this name “God” is communicable?. . . . . . . . . p. 91 Article. 10 - Whether this name “God” is applied to God univocally by nature, by participation, and according to opinion?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 92 Article. 11 - Whether this name, HE WHO IS, is the most proper name of God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 94 Article. 12 - Whether affirmative propositions can be formed about God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 95 Question. 14 - OF GOD“S KNOWLEDGE (SIXTEEN ARTICLES). . . . . p. 96 Article. 1 - Whether there is knowledge [*Scientia]?. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 97 Article. 2 - Whether God understands Himself?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 98 Article. 3 - Whether God comprehends Himself?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 99 Article. 4 - Whether the act of God”s intellect is His substance?. . . . . p. 100 Article. 5 - Whether God knows things other than Himself?. . . . . . . p. 101 Article. 6 - Whether God knows things other than Himself by proper knowledge?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 102 Article. 7 - Whether the knowledge of God is discursive?. . . . . . . . . p. 104 Article. 8 - Whether the knowledge of God is the cause of things?. . . . p. 105 Article. 9 - Whether God has knowledge of things that are not?. . . . . p. 106 Article. 10 - Whether God knows evil things?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 107 Article. 11 - Whether God knows singular things?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 108 Article. 12 - Whether God can know infinite things?. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 110 Article. 13 - Whether the knowledge of God is of future contingent things?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 111 Article. 14 - Whether God knows enunciable things?. . . . . . . . . . . p. 113 Article. 15 - Whether the knowledge of God is variable?. . . . . . . . . p. 114 Article. 16 - Whether God has a speculative knowledge of things?. . . p. 115 Question. 15 - OF IDEAS (THREE ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 116 Article. 1 - Whether there are ideas?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 117 Article. 2 - Whether ideas are many?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 118 Article. 3 - Whether there are ideas of all things that God knows?. . . . p. 119 vi Summa Theologica Saint Thomas Aquinas Question. 16 - OF TRUTH (EIGHT ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 120 Article. 1 - Whether truth resides only in the intellect?. . . . . . . . . . . p. 121 Article. 2 - Whether truth resides only in the intellect composing and dividing?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 122 Article. 3 - Whether the true and being are convertible terms?. . . . . p. 123 Article. 4 - Whether good is logically prior to the true?. . . . . . . . . . . p. 124 Article. 5 - Whether God is truth?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 125 Article. 6 - Whether there is only one truth, according to which all things are true?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 125 Article. 7 - Whether created truth is eternal?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 126 Article. 8 - Whether truth is immutable?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 127 Question. 17 - CONCERNING FALSITY (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . p. 129 Article. 1 - Whether falsity exists in things?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 129 Article. 2 - Whether there is falsity in the senses?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 130 Article. 3 - Whether falsity is in the intellect?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 131 Article. 4 - Whether true and false are contraries?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 133 Question. 18 - THE LIFE OF GOD (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . p. 134 Article. 1 - Whether to live belongs to all natural things?. . . . . . . . . p. 134 Article. 2 - Whether life is an operation?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 135 Article. 3 - Whether life is properly attributed to God?. . . . . . . . . . . p. 136 Article. 4 - Whether all things are life in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 138 Question. 19 - THE WILL OF GOD (TWELVE ARTICLES). . . . . . . . p. 139 Article. 1 - Whether there is will in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 139 Article. 2 - Whether God wills things apart from Himself?. . . . . . . . . p. 140 Article. 3 - Whether whatever God wills He wills necessarily?. . . . . . p. 141 Article. 4 - Whether the will of God is the cause of things?. . . . . . . . p. 143 Article. 5 - Whether any cause can be assigned to the divine will?. . . . p. 145 Article. 6 - Whether the will of God is always fulfilled?. . . . . . . . . . . p. 146 Article. 7 - Whether the will of God is changeable?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 147 Article. 8 - Whether the will of God imposes necessity on the things willed?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 149 Article. 9 - Whether God wills evils?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 150 Article. 10 - Whether God has free-will?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 151 Article. 11 - Whether the will of expression is to be distinguished in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 152 Article. 12 - Whether five expressions of will are rightly assigned to the divine will?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 152 Question. 20 - GOD'S LOVE (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 154 Article. 1 - Whether love exists in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 154 Article. 2 - Whether God loves all things?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 156 vii Summa Theologica Saint Thomas Aquinas Article. 3 - Whether God loves all things equally?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 157 Article. 4 - Whether God always loves more the better things?. . . . . p. 157 Question. 21 - THE JUSTICE AND MERCY OF GOD (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 159 Article. 1 - Whether there is justice in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 160 Article. 2 - Whether the justice of God is truth?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 161 Article. 3 - Whether mercy can be attributed to God?. . . . . . . . . . . p. 162 Article. 4 - Whether in every work of God there are mercy and justice?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 163 Question. 22 - THE PROVIDENCE OF GOD (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . p. 164 Article. 1 - Whether providence can suitably be attributed to God?. . . p. 164 Article. 2 - Whether everything is subject to the providence of God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 165 Article. 3 - Whether God has immediate providence over everything?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 168 Article. 4 - Whether providence imposes any necessity on things foreseen?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 169 Question. 23 - OF PREDESTINATION (EIGHT ARTICLES). . . . . . . . p. 170 Article. 1 - Whether men are predestined by God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 170 Article. 2 - Whether predestination places anything in the predestined?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 171 Article. 3 - Whether God reprobates any man?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 172 Article. 4 - Whether the predestined are chosen by God? [*“Eligantur.”]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 173 Article. 5 - Whether the foreknowledge of merits is the cause of predestination?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 174 Article. 6 - Whether predestination is certain?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 177 Article. 7 - Whether the number of the predestined is certain?. . . . . p. 178 Article. 8 - Whether predestination can be furthered by the prayers of the saints?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 180 Question. 24 - THE BOOK OF LIFE (THREE ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . p. 181 Article. 1 - Whether the book of life is the same as predestination?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 181 Article. 2 - Whether the book of life regards only the life of glory of the predestined?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 182 Article. 3 - Whether anyone may be blotted out of the book of life?. . . p. 183 Question. 25 - THE POWER OF GOD (SIX ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . p. 184 Article. 1 - Whether there is power in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 184 Article. 2 - Whether the power of God is infinite?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 185 Article. 3 - Whether God is omnipotent?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 187 viii Summa Theologica Saint Thomas Aquinas Article. 4 - Whether God can make the past not to have been?. . . . . p. 189 Article. 5 - Whether God can do what He does not?. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 190 Article. 6 - Whether God can do better than what He does?. . . . . . . p. 191 Question. 26 - OF THE DIVINE BEATITUDE (FOUR ARTICLES) . . . . p. 193 Article. 1 - Whether beatitude belongs to God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 193 Article. 2 - Whether God is called blessed in respect of His intellect?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 193 Article. 3 - Whether God is the beatitude of each of the blessed?. . . . p. 194 Article. 4 - Whether all other beatitude is included in the beatitude of God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 195 Treatise on The Most Holy Trinity (QQ[27-43]). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 195 Question. 27 - The Procession of the Divine Persons (Five Articles). . . p. 195 Article. 1 - Whether there is procession in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 196 Article. 2 - Whether any procession in God can be called generation?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 197 Article. 3 - Whether any other procession exists in God besides that of the Word?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 198 Article. 4 - Whether the procession of love in God is generation?. . . . p. 199 Article. 5 - Whether there are more than two processions in God? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 200 Question. 28 - THE DIVINE RELATIONS (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . p. 201 Article. 1 - Whether there are real relations in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 201 Article. 2 - Whether relation in God is the same as His essence?. . . . p. 203 Article. 3 - Whether the relations in God are really distinguished from each other?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 204 Article. 4 - Whether in God there are only four real relations---paternity, filiation, spiration, and procession?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 205 Question. 29 - THE DIVINE PERSONS (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . p. 207 Article. 1 - The definition of “person”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 207 Article. 2 - Whether “person” is the same as hypostasis, subsistence, and essence?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 208 Article. 3 - Whether the word “person” should be said of God?. . . . . p. 210 Article. 4 - Whether this word “person” signifies relation?. . . . . . . . . p. 211 Question. 30 - THE PLURALITY OF PERSONS IN GOD (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 213 Article. 1 - Whether there are several persons in God?. . . . . . . . . . p. 213 Article. 2 - Whether there are more than three persons in God?. . . . . p. 215 Article. 3 - Whether the numeral terms denote anything real in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 216 ix Summa Theologica Saint Thomas Aquinas Article. 4 - Whether this term “person” can be common to the three persons?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 218 Question. 31 - OF WHAT BELONGS TO THE UNITY OR PLURALITY IN GOD (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 219 Article. 1 - Whether there is trinity in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 219 Article. 2 - Whether the Son is other than the Father?. . . . . . . . . . . p. 220 Article. 3 - Whether the exclusive word “alone” should be added to the essential term in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 222 Article. 4 - Whether an exclusive diction can be joined to the personal term?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 223 Question. 32 - THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE DIVINE PERSONS (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 224 Article. 1 - Whether the trinity of the divine persons can be known by natural reason?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 225 Article. 2 - Whether there are notions in God?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 227 Article. 3 - Whether there are five notions?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 229 Article. 4 - Whether it is lawful to have various contrary opinions of notions?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 230 Question. 33 - OF THE PERSON OF THE FATHER (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 231 Article. 1 - Whether it belongs to the Father to be the principle?. . . . . p. 231 Article. 2 - Whether this name “Father” is properly the name of a divine person?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 232 Article. 3 - Whether this name “Father” is applied to God, firstly as a personal name?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 233 Article. 4 - Whether it is proper to the Father to be unbegotten?. . . . . p. 234 Question. 34 - OF THE PERSON OF THE SON (THREE ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 237 Article. 1 - Whether Word in God is a personal name?. . . . . . . . . . p. 237 Article. 2 - Whether “Word” is the Son's proper name?. . . . . . . . . . p. 239 Article. 3 - Whether the name “Word” imports relation to creatures?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 240 Question. 35 - OF THE IMAGE (TWO ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 242 Article. 1 - Whether image in God is said personally?. . . . . . . . . . . p. 242 Article. 2 - Whether the name of Image is proper to the Son?. . . . . . p. 243 Question. 36 - OF THE PERSON OF THE HOLY GHOST (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 244 Article. 1 - Whether this name “Holy Ghost” is the proper name of one divine person?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 244 Article. 2 - Whether the Holy Ghost proceeds from the Son?. . . . . . p. 246 x Summa Theologica Saint Thomas Aquinas Article. 3 - Whether the Holy Ghost proceeds from the Father through the Son?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 249 Article. 4 - Whether the Father and the Son are one principle of the Holy Ghost?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 250 Question. 37 - OF THE NAME OF THE HOLY GHOST---LOVE (TWO ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 252 Article. 1 - Whether “Love” is the proper name of the Holy Ghost?. . . . p. 252 Article. 2 - Whether the Father and the Son love each other by the Holy Ghost?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 254 Question. 38 - OF THE NAME OF THE HOLY GHOST, AS GIFT (TWO ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 256 Article. 1 - Whether 'Gift' is a personal name?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 256 Article. 2 - Whether 'Gift' is the proper name of the Holy Ghost?. . . . . p. 258 Question. 39 - OF THE PERSONS IN RELATION TO THE ESSENCE (EIGHT ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 259 Article. 1 - Whether in God the essence is the same as the person?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 259 Article. 2 - Whether it must be said that the three persons are of one essence?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 260 Article. 3 - Whether essential names should be predicated in the singular of the three persons?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 262 Article. 4 - Whether the concrete essential names can stand for the person?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 263 Article. 5 - Whether abstract essential names can stand for the person?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 265 Article. 6 - Whether the persons can be predicated of the essential terms?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 267 Article. 7 - Whether the essential names should be appropriated to the persons?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 268 Article. 8 - Whether the essential attributes are appropriated to the persons in a fitting manner by the holy doctors?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 269 Question. 40 - OF THE PERSONS AS COMPARED TO THE RELATIONS OR PROPERTIES (FOUR ARTICLES). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 272 Article. 1 - Whether relation is the same as person?. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 273 Article. 2 - Whether the persons are distinguished by the relations?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 274 Article. 3 - Whether the hypostases remain if the relations are mentally abstracted from the persons?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 275 Article. 4 - Whether the properties presuppose the notional acts?. . . . p. 277 xi