SUGGESTED ORGANIZATIONAL PLAN FOR A GUIDANCE PROGRAM FOR TRONA JUNIOR-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL A Project Presented to The Faculty of the School of Education The University of Southern California In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Education by Mary Kinsella Del Sant August 1950 " UMI Number: EP46271 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publ lung UMI EP46271 Published by ProQuest LLC (2014). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 £ fst o 3V7 This project report, written under the direction of the candidate's adviser and approved by him, has been presented to and accepted by the Faculty of the School of Education in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Education. /9S-Q Date.... Adviser Dean TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. BACKGROUND DATA ........................ 1 Need for the program in Trona................. 1 Procedure ...................................... 2 II. PREVIOUS PERTINENT LITERATURE .................... 4 Review of the literature..................... 4 Conclusions........................... 5 III. BACKGROUND FACTORS IN TRONA ...................... 8 Setting in the community and school ........... 8 Aims in terms of student needs in Trona . . . . 9 IV. FACTORS TO BE INCLUDED.......................... 11 Types of guidance to be offered............... 11 Participants in the program................... 12 i V. ORGANIZATIONAL PLAN............................. 15 Functions of the principal.................... 15 Functions of the teacher-counselors ........... 16 Functions of the social studies teachers . . . 19 The school nurse . . . . . ................... 20 The librarian.................................. 21 All teachers..................... 22 VI. RECORDS AND TESTS................................ 23 The cumulative record .......................... 23 Anecdotal record .............................. 26 iii CHAPTER PAGE Testing........................................ 27 Use of test results............................. 28 VII. IN SERVICE TRAINING............................. . 30 VIII. INITIATING THE ORGANIZATIONAL P L A N .............. 32 IX. SUMMARY........................................... 33 BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................. 36 CHAPTER I BACKGROUND DATA The purpose of this study is to outline an organ­ izational plan for a guidance program which can be presented to the faculty of Trona Junior-Senior High School in September for discussion. Need for the program in Trona. The need for the study grew out of concern on the part of parents and teachers regarding students whose achievement is inferior to their estimated capacity. This need is amplified by the rapid growth of school enrollment in the past five years which has necessitated the addition of many facilities, new teachers and staff members. As the facilities grew, though provision was made for certain guidance services, the faculty group felt that some organizing force was needed. The subject was discussed at a number of faculty meetings throughout the year and the views of parents and community leaders reported. The consensus of opinion expressed by the group was that a study should be made by one of the members interested in such a project and a report made at a special faculty meeting in the Fall. It is believed that such a procedure will not only consolidate the work that has been done, but will also acquaint faculty members who have joined the group within the past year* or will join in September, with the guidance program. The faculty may accept the program as outlined or may make certain changes as the members decide. Procedure. The organizational plan presented in this study is based on a review of recent literature pertinent to the organization of guidance programs in high schools through­ out the nation and on certain conditions peculiar to the community and school situation in Trona. Chapter II reviews pertinent literature which points out the need for such a program. Attention is brought to literature written by authorities in the field of guidance specifying basic "musts1* of a guidance program. The con­ clusion of this Chapter relates the literature to this study of an organizational plan for a guidance program in Trona. Chapter III presents factors which make up the setting for the program in the community and in the school. It also states aims for the program in terms of student needs in Trona Junior-Senior High School. Chapter IV states the types of guidance to be offered and set up a total school organization by specifying who is to participate in the program. Chapter V sets up the organizational plan and outlines the duties of the participants. Chapter VI outlines a minimum testing program and specifies records to be kept. Chapter VII brings the attention of the administration to the problem of in-service training. Chapter VIII deals with a brief plan for initiating the program. Chapter IX gives a summary of the organizational plan. An annotated bibliography of source materials completes the study. CHAPTER II PREVIOUS PERTINENT LITERATURE Review of the literature. Authorities agree that there is no Mbestn guidance program for all schools. They also agree that there is no best way to begin.3 it is important that a beginning is made. The direction the program takes will depend on the training, interest and awareness of need of school administrators, faculty members and community leaders. The need for guidance has been stressed by numerous studies. In Virginia, a survey of 356 our of 480 accredited schools recommended a more effective program of guidance for 1 P high schools.x An experiment was conducted in Washington, D. C., to discover the difficulties experienced by low achieving high school pupils and to effect a correction of these difficulties through the application of various guidance services adapted - - to individual pupil needs. x The essentials of a good guidance program for secondary schools have been described by Ruth Strang in her book The Role of the Teacher in Personnel Work.® Erickson and Happ^ present an account of what schools of all sizes and from nearly every section of the country are doing in the way of guidance and show those activities selected as most effective and most desirable. Jane W a r t e r s b o o k analyzes the literature to date and points out developments in the field of guidance. In Organization and Administration of Guidance? Erickson and Smith^ deal with ways in which a guidance program can be improved or initiated in large and small schools from the point of view of those responsible for directing the development of the program. Hamrin and Erickson'7 present material especially of value to classroom teachers in relating guidance services to the every day problems of students. Techniques in personal guidance? especially in the field of vocational guidance? are presented by Germane and Germane in Personnel Work in High Schools.^ Traxler's Techniques of Guidance9 concentrates on guidance tools including tests. John G. Darley1 also deals with tests? especially their selection and interpretation for the purpose of identifying student problems and disabilities. The guidance program suggested by the Education Policies Commission?^ in Education for All American Youth for the ideal rural and urban high school of the future? combines the core curriculum and special.counselor plan. Conclusions. The need for guidance in general seems to