Michael Freitag · Aseem Kinra · Herbert Kotzab · Hans-Jörg Kreowski · Klaus-Dieter Thoben (Eds.) Communications in Computer and Information Science 1278 Subject-Oriented Business Process Management The Digital Workplace – Nucleus of Transformation 12th International Conference, S-BPM ONE 2020 Bremen, Germany, December 2–3, 2020 Proceedings Communications in Computer and Information Science 1278 Editorial Board Members Joaquim Filipe Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Setúbal, Portugal Ashish Ghosh Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India Raquel Oliveira Prates Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil Lizhu Zhou Tsinghua University, Beijing, China More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7899 Michael Freitag Aseem Kinra (cid:129) (cid:129) ö Herbert Kotzab Hans-J rg Kreowski (cid:129) (cid:129) Klaus-Dieter Thoben (Eds.) Subject-Oriented Business Process Management – The Digital Workplace Nucleus of Transformation 12th International Conference, S-BPM ONE 2020 – Bremen, Germany, December 2 3, 2020 Proceedings 123 Editors Michael Freitag Aseem Kinra University of Bremen andBremerInstitut UniversitätBremen für ProduktionundLogistik GmbH Bremen, Germany Bremen, Germany Herbert Kotzab Hans-Jörg Kreowski UniversitätBremen UniversitätBremen Bremen, Germany Bremen, Germany Klaus-Dieter Thoben University of Bremen andBremerInstitut für ProduktionundLogistik GmbH Bremen, Germany ISSN 1865-0929 ISSN 1865-0937 (electronic) Communications in Computer andInformation Science ISBN 978-3-030-64350-8 ISBN978-3-030-64351-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64351-5 ©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2020 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynow knownorhereafterdeveloped. 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ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface The 12th International Conference on Subject-oriented Business Process Management (S-BPM ONE 2020), was originally planned to be held in Bremen, Germany, at the beginningofJuly2020.DuetotheCOVID-19pandemic,itwasfirstpostponedtothe end of the year and then decided to run the conference online during December 2–3, 2020. The former S-BPM ONE conferences were held in Lisbon (Portugal) in 2019, ViennaandLinz(Austria)in2012and2018respectively,andinKarlsruhe,Ingolstadt, Deggendorf, Eichstätt, Kiel, Erlangen, and Darmstadt (all in Germany) starting from 2009. Themottooftheconferenceis“DigitalWorkplace–NucleusofTransformation.”In the mission statement of the German Ministry of Economics for 2030 on the topic of Industry 4.0, we find the following target: sovereignty, interoperability, and sustain- ability.Theflexiblenetworkingofdifferentplayerstoformagilevalue-addednetworks isoneofthecentralcorecomponentsofdigitalbusinessprocessesinIndustry4.0.The interoperability of all players is a key strategic component for the design of such complex, decentralized structures. Only a high degree of interoperability, to which all partners in an ecosystem are committed and contribute equally, guarantees direct operative and process-related networking across company and industry boundaries. According to Katie Costello’s contribution at Gardner on March 18, 2019 (https:// www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/top-10-technologies-driving-the-digital-workplace/) “How artificial intelligence, smart workspaces, and talent markets will boost employee digital dexterity in future digital workplaces,” competitive advantage for 30% of orga- nizations will come from the workforce’s ability to creatively exploit emerging tech- nologies such as DeepLearning andInternet of Things applications. Hence,the average workdayisbecomingfilledwithinteractivetechnologiesthataretransforminghowwork getsdone.Businessprocesses–includingproductionandlogisticsprocesses–arekeysas their representation provide the baseline of operating these technologies and thus (im- plementation-independent)contextforexploringandembodyingupcomingdevelopments such as Internet of Behavior. The 12th S-BPM ONE conference focused on how organizations can help their stakeholders become more engaged in driving competitive advantage framed by or based on (subject-oriented) process technology. Topics of interest are: – Portfolio development through digital processes as services – Cloud-based decentralization of organizations – Autonomous digital workplace design – Self-sovereign identity development – Patterns of workforce engagement – Growing of digital dexterous culture – Business value generation through process digitalization – Data-driven process transformation – Process-sensitive data transformation vi Preface – Use of mobile technologies and smart products in logistic networks – Dynamic smart contracting and tokenization – Explainable process designs – Sensor-based sense-making – Contextual integration of things into business processes – Process-empowered business analytics – Horizontal and vertical integration of autonomous entities – Interoperability networks – Internet of Actors All submissions underwent a double-blind peer reviewing of three members of the International Program Committee. Finally, 15 submissions with a high score were accepted. The conference program has been structured into a keynote session and five sessions of three presentations each on: – Subject-oriented business processing – syntax and semantics – Cyber-physical and assistance systems – Process mining and the Internet of Actors and Behaviors – Industry 4.0 – Various views on business process management The proceedings are organized accordingly. WearegratefultothemembersoftheProgramCommitteefortheirthoroughwork. Particular thanks go to Aleksandra Himstedt for her very helpful support in the conference organization. We would like to thank Allgeier IT Solutions GmbH for their financial support. Moreover, we would like to acknowledge the smooth cooper- ation with the publisher Springer and as our direct contacts Alla Serikova and Aliaksandr Birukou. September 2020 Michael Freitag Aseem Kinra Herbert Kotzab Hans-Jörg Kreowski Klaus-Dieter Thoben Organization Conference and Program Committee Chairs Michael Freitag University of Bremen and Bremer Institut für Produktion und Logistik GmbH, Germany Aseem Kinra University of Bremen, Germany Herbert Kotzab University of Bremen, Germany Hans-Jörg Kreowski University of Bremen, Germany Klaus-Dieter Thoben University of Bremen and Bremer Institut für Produktion und Logistik GmbH, Germany Steering Committee Albert Fleischmann InterAktiv Unternehmensberatung, Germany Werner Schmidt Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Germany Christian Stary Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria Program Committee Perdro Antunes Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand Stefanie Betz Furtwangen University, Germany Anke Dittmar University of Rostock, Germany Matthes Elstermann Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany Selim Erol University of Applied Sciences Wiener Neustadt, Austria Herbert Fischer Deggendorf Institute of Technology, Germany Albert Fleischmann InterAktiv Unternehmungsberatung, Germany Michael Freitag University of Bremen, Germany Andreas Gadatsch University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, Germany Stijn Hoppenbrouwers HANUniversityofAppliedSciences,TheNetherlands Christian Huemer Vienna University of Technology, Austria Udo Kannengiesser Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria Aseem Kinra University of Bremen, Germany Stefan Koch Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria Herbert Kotzab University of Bremen, Germany Florian Krenn Compunity GmbH, Austria Hans-Jörg Kreowski University of Bremen, Germany Matthias Kurz Qualitäts- und UnterstützungsAgentur – Landesinstitut für Schule, Germany Matthias Lederer International School of Management, Germany Francesco Leotta Sapienza University of Rome, Italy viii Organization Matthias Neubauer University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Austria Alexander Nolte University of Tartu, Estonia Stefan Oppl Danube University Krems, Austria Henderik Proper Public Research Centre Henri Tudor, Luxembourg Gustavo Rossi National University of La Plata, Argentina Thomas Schaller Hof University of Applied Sciences, Germany Werner Schmidt Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Germany Robert Singer FH JOANNEUM Graz, Austria Christian Stary Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria Florian Strecker actnconnect, Germany Klaus-Dieter Thoben University of Bremen, Germany Oktay Turetken EindhovenUniversityofTechnology,TheNetherlands Nicolas Vidakis Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Greece Marco Winckler Paul Sabatier University, France Guido Wirtz University of Bamberg, Germany Cornelia Zehbold Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, German Contents Keynote Business Process Management Based on Subject Orientation from an Economic/Industrial Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Herbert Kindermann Subject-Oriented Business Processing – Syntax and Semantics S-BPM Diagrams as Decision Aids in a Decision Based Framework for CPS Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Josef Frysak Performance Investigation and Proposal for Updates on the Exchange Standard for PASS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Matthes Elstermann and André Wolski Mapping Execution and Model Semantics for Subject-Oriented Process Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Matthes Elstermann and André Wolski Cyber-Physical and Assistance Systems Task-BasedDesignofCyber-PhysicalSystems–MeetingRepresentational Requirements with S-BPM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Georg Weichhart, Maximilian Reiser, and Christian Stary Mobile AR-Based Assistance Systems for Order Picking – Methodical Decision Support in the Early Phases of the Product Life Cycle . . . . . . . . . . 74 Lukas Egbert, Moritz Quandt, Klaus-Dieter Thoben, and Michael Freitag Functionalities and Implementation of Future Informational Assistance Systems for Manual Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Christoph Petzoldt, Dennis Keiser, Thies Beinke, and Michael Freitag Process Mining and the Internet of Actors and Behaviors The Internet-of-Behavior as Organizational Transformation Space with Choreographic Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Christian Stary