STORYTELLING TECHNIQUES from TED Master The One Thing All Great TED Talks Have in Common by AKASH KARIA #1 best-selling author of “How to Deliver a Great TED Talk” © 2013 by Akash Karia All rights reserved. Copyeditor: Marcia C. Abramson eBook creator: Neeraj Chandra All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means without the expressed permission of the author. This includes reprints, excerpts, photocopying, recording, or any future means of reproducing text. If you would like to do any of the above, please seek permission first by contacting us at http://AkashKaria.com BOOKS BY AKASH: How to Deliver a Great TED Talk Storytelling Techniques for Powerful Presentations Public Speaking Mastery Own the Room Public Speaking Tips from the Pros Stop Negative Thinking! How Successful People Think Differently How to Persuade People to Do Stuff TED:ology Captivate! Presentation Secrets from TED How to Design TED Worthy Presentation Slides CHAPTER ONE THE MAGIC INGREDIENT IN DELIVERING A GREAT TED TALK What is the secret to delivering a great TED talk? What is the magic ingredient that makes a TED talk captivating? TED talks (www.Ted.com) are some of the most inspiring and amazing talks you’ll watch. Each presentation is eighteen minutes long, meaning that speakers on the TED stage have a difficult job. They have to distill their expertise and their life’s work into only eighteen minutes. Essentially, they only have time to share one idea, which requires them to ask the question: “If I could leave my audience with only one single key takeaway message, what would it be? If my audience was to forget everything else I said, what one single idea or lesson would I want them to remember?” Not only are the ideas that are shared on the TED stage profound, the speakers themselves are some of the best presenters you’ll ever see. Unlike the boring, dull, lifeless corporate presentations you hear these days, TED talks are powerful and captivating. They keep you hooked onto every word. The speakers on the TED stage are confident, powerful and persuasive. So, what is it that makes these TED talks so inspiring? What are the secrets of delivering a powerful TED talk? And more importantly, how can you use those secrets to make your presentations more powerful, dynamic and engaging? To try to answer these questions, I studied over 200 of the best TED talks. I broke each TED talk down in terms of structure, message and delivery. So, what did I discover? What was the magic ingredient that made a TED talk captivating? What was it that made the best TED talks inspiring - which is a word that is often associated with TED talks? Here’s what I discovered. After studying over 200 TED talks, the one commonality among all the great TED talks is that they contain stories. Essentially, the best speakers on the TED stage were the ones who had mastered the art of storytelling. They had mastered how to craft and present their stories in a way that allowed them to share their message with the world without seeming like they were lecturing their audience. That’s just one of the advantages of stories - they allow you to share your message without your audience feeling like you’re preaching to them, which in turn makes it easier for them to accept your message. In this short guide, you are going to learn how to use stories to make your presentations engaging and inspiring. You’ll learn how to craft stories that keep your audience mesmerized. You’ll also learn how to use stories to make your message memorable. By the time you’ve finished this guide, you will have picked up twenty-three principles on how to create stories that keep your audiences hooked onto your every word. Whether you are giving a TED talk or a corporate presentation, you’ll be able to apply the principles used in this guide to make your next talk a roaring success. Ready? Let’s get started... IN A NUTSHELL ● The one thing that all great TED speakers have in common is that they are master storytellers. CHAPTER TWO THE ‘STORY START’ How many speakers have you seen that hooked you into their presentation within the first thirty seconds? How many times have you attended a presentation, and within the first thirty seconds, thought, “Wow, this is going to be good!” Not many? Don’t worry. As a public speaking coach, one of the questions I get asked most often is, “What’s the best way to begin my presentation? How do I open my speech?” The opening of a presentation is one of the most important parts of the presentation. If you don’t grab your audience’s attention within the first thirty seconds, they are going to mentally tune out of it - and it’s going to be very difficult to bring them back. You only get one chance at making a first impression, so you better utilize it well. I have seen too many speakers open their presentations in boring, dull and lifeless ways. The most common (and thus boring) opening is, “Thank you for inviting me. My name is XYZ and I want to talk to you about...” This opening literally sucks the excitement out of the room. If your audience members were excited about listening to you, they certainly aren’t going to be after that opening! So, what is the best way to open a speech? You’ve probably guessed it: open with a story. In her great TED talk (http://bit.ly/10gmj3t), titled The Power of Introverts, Susan Cain masterfully hooked her audience into her speech with the following opening. I highly encourage you to watch her speech, if you haven’t already. Analyzing the effect a presentation has on you is a fantastic way to learn what works and what doesn’t when it comes to public speaking. Therefore, as you read the following opening, consider how it makes you feel. Does it arouse your curiosity? Does it invoke any memories? Does it make you interested in the rest of the presentation? “When I was nine years old I went off to summer camp for the first time. And my mother packed me a suitcase full of books, which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do. Because in my family, reading was the primary group activity. And this might sound antisocial to you, but for us it was really just a different way of being social. You have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you, but you are also free to go roaming around the adventure­land inside your own mind. And I had this idea that camp was going to be just like this, but better...” ­ Susan Cain, TED talk (http://bit.ly/10gmj3t) INTRODUCTORY REMARKS ARE BORING Notice how Susan doesn’t open her speech with introductory remarks. She doesn’t bore her audience with an introduction of herself (the introducer/emcee should be the one who introduces you before you get up on stage). She doesn’t bore her audience with gratitude by trying to express how thankful she is that she was invited to speak at TED. Instead, she immediately dives into a story. The best way to thank your audience for the opportunity to speak to them is to deliver a speech that keeps them engaged, interested and involved. DIVE INTO THE STORY The reason Susan’s opening is powerful is because she dives straight into the story. Starting your presentation with a story one of the best techniques for getting your audience’s attention: “When I was nine years old I went off to summer camp for the first time. And my mother packed me a suitcase full of books...” The above opening is powerful because: ● It is different from the way most speakers open their presentations. Audiences hate predictable, boring openings. If your opening can be guessed by your audience, it’s boring! A story is different from the way most speakers open their presentations. ● It takes the audience along on a journey. Stories take the audience on a mental journey. As you read Susan’s opening, you might have pictured a nine-year-old version of Susan heading off to summer camp. The story had you mentally engaged - you couldn’t resist it even if you tried. As executive speech coach Patricia Fripp puts it, “a well told story is irresistible.” Stories ignite the listener’s imagination, and therefore they give the audience no choice but to be tuned into the presentation. ● It’s relatable. Stories cause people to search their memory banks for similar, relatable experiences. Perhaps, while thinking about Susan’s summer camp, your imagination borrowed details from your summer camp. Because the story is relatable, it builds a connection between you and the speaker. ● People are hardwired to listen to stories. Stories are the way human knowledge was passed down before the written word. Storytelling is hardwired into our brains. It’s the natural way that our brains learn and process information. So, how you should open your next presentation or speech? With a story. Opening with a story is a tested and proven method for grabbing audience attention and keeping your audience mentally engaged. IN A NUTSHELL ● Analyzing the effect a presentation has on you is a fantastic way to learn what works and what doesn’t when it comes to public speaking. ● If you don’t grab your audience’s attention within the first thirty seconds, your audience will mentally tune out of your presentation. ● Don’t bore your audience with introductory remarks. Begin with a story. ● Stories are powerful because people are hardwired to listen to stories. ● Stories take your audience on a mental journey. Audiences cannot resist a well-told story even if they try. CHAPTER THREE THE SURPRISING ELEMENT THAT MAKES A STORY IRRESISTIBLE What is it that hooks us into certain stories? Why is it that some stories have us sitting on the edge of our seats? What mysterious elements make a story gripping? If you want to learn how to keep your audiences engaged in your presentation, you must understand this next principle. The number one thing that makes a story irresistible - that has audience members sitting on the edge of their seats, totally captivated by your every word - is conflict. What do I mean by conflict? Conflict refers to a fight. It’s a fight between opposing forces. A fight between life and death. A fight between hate and forgiveness. A fight between freedom and oppression. As long as there are two strong, opposing forces that make the outcome of the story uncertain, a story will be gripping. It keeps us engaged. It keeps us curious. It makes us ask the question, “What will happen next?” A story without conflict is not a very exciting one. If there’s no conflict, there’s no mystery and no suspense. There’s no “What will happen next?” question. Without conflict, we already know what will happen. We’re not curious, and as a result, we’re not engaged. Let me give you a great example. The blockbuster movie, Titanic, is a great movie because it contains so many different conflicts. First and most obvious is the life versus death conflict. When the Titanic sinks, we’re questioning, “Will they live or will they die?” In fact, a lot of the exciting scenes in the movie contain smaller conflicts. For example, during one scene, we find out there aren’t enough lifeboats on the ship, so the conflict becomes “Who does and who doesn’t get into the lifeboat?” The second major conflict in the movie is regarding whether or not the two main characters, Jack and Rose, will manage to stay together. Will love triumph or will society separate them because they are from vastly different backgrounds? Without all the conflict, Titanic would not be such a great movie. After all, not many people would pay to watch Titanic if all that happened was the two characters met on a ship, fell in love and lived happily ever after. Yes, we would like to think that we would be interested in a story without conflict because it wouldn’t put us through emotional turmoil, but the surprising truth is that the conflict in the story is what keeps audience members watching a movie. It’s also what will keep your audience hooked into your presentation. In her TED talk on Why Domestic Violence Victims Never Leave, Leslie Morgan Steiner shares her very powerful personal story. The TED talk is one of the most gripping and powerful ones I’ve ever watched (http://bit.ly/14lqWdl). Why is it so powerful? Because the conflict in the story is so strong. Here’s part of the transcript from Leslie’s speech: “Conor used my anger as an excuse to put both of his hands around my neck as and to squeeze so tightly that I could not breathe or scream, and he used the chokehold to hit my head repeatedly against the wall. Five days later, the ten bruises on my neck had just faded, and I put on my mother’s wedding dress, and I married him. Despite what happened, I was sure we were going to live happily ever after, because I loved him, and he loved me so very much....It was an isolated incident, and he was never going to hurt me again. It happened twice more on the honeymoon. The first time...” Wow, isn’t that a powerful conflict? When I watched her speech, I could really feel for her, even though I have never gone through a similar situation nor known anyone who has. Yet, I strongly empathized with her because the conflict was so strong - here she was being physically abused by her then-husband, but she can’t leave him because she’s in love with him. Conflicts arouse the audience’s emotions. Conflicts get audience members rooting for a character, hoping that the character will emerge victorious. For example, Leslie’s story unconsciously made me put myself in her position - to imagine what I would do if I were in her situation. As a result, this aroused my emotions. It caused me to share an emotional bond with Leslie. This emotional connection is a must if you want to deliver a powerful talk. When you arouse your audience’s emotions, they will have no choice but to be totally and completely immersed in your story. SHARE A PERSONAL STORY Another important lesson to learn from Leslie’s TED talk is the power of personal stories. Audiences like listening to new things - new ideas, new concepts and new stories. As a public speaking coach, one of the mistakes I see some speakers make is that they use too many clichéd stories. One of the most clichéd stories that is repeated way too often by amateur speakers is the “starfish story” - the one where a man walking along the beach sees a young boy throwing starfishes back into the ocean. When the man tells the boy, “Why bother? There are so many starfishes you can’t possibly make a difference,” the boy picks up a starfish, throws it back into the ocean and says, “To that one, I made a difference.” The starfish story is a great story, but the problem is that it’s been overused. Audiences are tired of hearing different speakers repeat the same story. It turns audience members off. So, what kind of stories should you use? Use personal stories. Personal stories are powerful because: ● They give the audience new material. Your story will be new to your audience, which makes it more interesting for them to hear. ● They improve your delivery. When you talk about events that have taken place in your life, you will naturally feel some of the emotions that you felt when those events took place. As a result, some of this emotion will show through in your delivery, resulting in a more authentic delivery. You won’t have to practice your gestures and your facial expressions because all of that will come naturally when you’re delivering a personal story. As you think about crafting your personal story for your presentation, consider the conflict. Is the conflict in your story strong enough? How can you make the conflict bigger and stronger? Is it strong enough to arouse your audience’s emotions? Is it going to make your audience wonder, “What’s going to happen next?” If you answered yes to those questions, then you have a story that will captivate your