STOREY’S ILLUSTRATED GUIDE TO 96 Horse Breeds of North America STOREY’S ILLUSTRATED GUIDE TO 96 Horse Breeds of North America Judith Dutson Photography by Bob Langrish This book is dedicated to all the world’s horsemen. What do we know of the horse’s ancestral soul We can only observe and be moved. —Francesca Kelly Contents Acknowledgments Preface Part I: An Introduction to Breeds Chapter 1: About Breeds and Species Wild and Feral Horses Establishing Breeds What Is a North American Breed? Chapter 2: How Horses Arrived in North America Spanish Horses The English Invasion Draft Horses Southern Horses The Noble Mule Chapter 3: Conformation What Is Sound Conformation? Conformation within Breeds Spanish and Modern Traits Part II: Light Horses Abaco Barb Akhal-Teke American Curly Horse American Indian Horse American Paint Horse American Quarter Horse American Saddlebred Andalusian and Lusitano Appaloosa Arabian Azteca Canadian Horse Canadian Sport Horse Caspian Cerbat Cleveland Bay Colorado Rangerbred Dutch Warmblood Florida Cracker Friesian Galiceno Gypsy Vanner Hackney Horse Haflinger Hanoverian Holsteiner Hungarian Horse Icelandic Horse Irish Draught Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horse Kiger Mustang Lipizzan Mangalarga Marchador Marwari McCurdy Plantation Horse Miniature Horse Missouri Fox Trotter Morab Morgan Moyle Mustang National Show Horse Nokota Norwegian Fjord Oldenburg Paso Fino Peruvian Paso Pryor Mountain Mustang Racking Horse Rocky Mountain Horse Sable Island Horse Selle Français Shagya Arabian Single-footing Horse Spanish Barb Spanish Colonial / Spanish Mustang Spanish Jennet Standardbred Sulphur Horse Tennessee Walking Horse Thoroughbred Tiger Horse Trakehner Westfalen / Westphalian Wilbur-Cruce Mission Horse Part III: Color “Breeds” Buckskin Palomino Pinto Part IV: Ponies American Quarter Pony American Walking Pony Chincoteague Pony Connemara Pony Dales Pony Dartmoor Pony Exmoor Pony Fell Pony Gotland Pony Hackney Pony Kerry Bog Pony Lac La Croix Indian Pony Newfoundland Pony Pony of the Americas Shackleford Banker Pony Shetland Pony Welara Pony Welsh Ponies and Cobs Part V: Heavy Horses, Donkeys, and Mules American Cream Draft Belgian Brabant Clydesdale North American Spotted Draft Horse Percheron Shire Suffolk Punch Donkeys Mule and Hinnies Appendix Timeline of Equine History About Brands Color Genetics Glossary Breed Associations Bibliography Photo Credits Index Acknowledgments Many, many thanks to all the friends, relatives, horsemen, and breed organizations who helped me with this project in one way or another, and especially the following people, creatures, and things. JOHN ACKER, English teacher and friend. He will be missed. TODD ADAMS, my trusted farrier. DR. JEFF ANGLES; all good horse books need Japanese literature scholars. DREW BANBURY, friend, extreme gardener, and koi breeder. BARBARA BARROW, who doesn’t care all that much about horses but was encouraging anyway. ANNE BARTLEY, friend and horseman, who made many useful suggestions. KATHARINE BRADFORD, a friend whose encouragement to write kept me going for a long time. ANN BRAMSON, publisher. GARY BOERGER, who would really rather not bale hay but does it anyway. CINDY BOWERS, who provided many fine dinners along with useful suggestions and a good bit of commentary. DR. WILLIAM DREGER, who provided political commentary and mental health evaluations. VIRGINIA HARTER, a wonderful horse friend for many, many years who was endlessly encouraging. BONNIE HENDRICKS, who wrote the masterpiece. HENRY HEYMERING, fellow Clarkie, horseshoeing historian, and famous farrier. JODY HOCH, friend and horseman, who provided many useful suggestions and listened often. DR. JOHN HUBBELL, friend, horseman, and Standardbred expert. LORIE KIPP, periodic sidekick, horseman, and friend who offered useful suggestions and looked up more than a few arcane facts. DR. CATHERINE KOHN, a horse friend since the second grade and, conveniently, a veterinary expert. ROSALIND MERCIER, who brought an elegant perspective and special treats to dinners. COLLEEN OAKES, friend and horseman, who knows all about carrying on when the world appears to be against you. JANE O’REILLY, my extraordinary cousin who knows about writing, publishing, spy work, and how to keep somebody going in very long, dark times. HOPE REISINGER, my wonderful niece whose encouragement and conversation were essential. DR. LOUIS RIVAS, Andalusian breeder. FRANK RODA, who sent all sorts of useful facts about Kigers. SARA ROGERS, longtime friend and horseman, who provided much useful commentary. DR. STEPHEN SCHUMACHER, horseman, friend, and keeper of my sometimes dog. DR. FERNANDO SILVERA, a Mangalarga expert from the old country. THE OREGON HORSEMEN’S ASSOCIATION. SANDY WOODTHORPE, Union activist, writer, and friend. THE NATIONAL WRITERS UNION. DR. WEI LIN HSU, who needed to know a few things about horse breeds