Stewart Master the GRE 2010 PDF
Preview Stewart Master the GRE 2010
Peterson’s M ASTER THE GRE T 2010 Mark Alan Stewart AboutPeterson’s Tosucceedonyourlifelongeducationaljourney,youwillneedaccurate,dependable,andpracticaltoolsandresources. ThatiswhyPeterson’siseverywhereeducationhappens.Becausewheneverandhoweveryouneededucationcontent delivered,youcanrelyonPeterson’stoprovidetheinformation,know-how,andguidancetohelpyoureachyourgoals. Toolstomatchtherightstudentswiththerightschool.It’shere.Personalizedresourcesandexpertguidance.It’shere. Comprehensiveanddependableeducationcontent—deliveredwheneverandhoweveryouneedit.It’sallhere. Formoreinformation,contactPeterson’s,2000LenoxDrive,Lawrenceville,NJ08648; 800-338-3282;orfindusontheWorldWideWebatwww.petersons.com/about. ©2009Peterson’s,aNelnetcompany GRETisaregisteredtrademarkofEducationalTestingService(ETS).Thisbookisnot endorsedorapprovedbyETS. Previouseditions©1990,1991,1994,1995,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008 StephenClemente,President;BernadetteWebster,DirectorofPublishing;RogerS. Williams,SalesandMarketing;ThereseDeAngelis,Editor;RayGolaszewski, ManufacturingManager;LindaM.Williams,CompositionManager;JamesHolsinger, CDProducer ALLRIGHTSRESERVED.Nopartofthisworkcoveredbythecopyrighthereinmaybe reproducedorusedinanyformorbyanymeans—graphic,electronic,ormechanical, includingphotocopying,recording,taping,Webdistribution,orinformationstorageand retrievalsystems—withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher. Forpermissiontousematerialfromthistextorproduct,completethePermission RequestFormathttp://www.petersons.com/permissions. ISBN-13:978-0-7689-2785-6 ISBN-10:0-7689-2785-4 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 11 10 09 SeventeenthEdition 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234 12B3y4p5ro6d7u8cin9g0t1hi2s3b4oo5k6o7n8re9c0yc1le2d3p4a5pe6r7(4809%0p1o2st1c2o3ns4u5m6er7w8a9s0te1)227304 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 4 12t3re4es56we7r8e9sa0v1ed2.345678901234567890121234567890123 4 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 4 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234 Petersons.com/publishing CheckoutourWebsiteatwww.petersons.com/publishingtoseeifthereisanynewinformationregardingthetestand anyrevisionsorcorrectionstothecontentofthisbook.We’vemadesuretheinformationinthisbookisaccurateand up-to-date;however,thetestformatorcontentmayhavechangedsincethetimeofpublication. OTHER RECOMMENDED TITLES GREt Answers to the Real Essay Questions Peterson’s GREt/GMATt Math Review Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Before You Begin ........................................... xi How This Book Is Organized ............................ xi Recent and Upcoming Test Changes and This Book ...... xii Special Study Features ................................. xii Using This Book to Prepare for the Computer-Based GRE ................................. xiii About the CD ........................................ xiii You’re Well On Your Way to Success .................... xiii Give Us Your Feedback ................................ xiv Top 10 Strategies to Raise Your Score ................... xv PART I: GRE BASICS 1 All About the General GRE............................. 3 The GRE Structure and Testing Format .................. 4 Your GRE Scores ....................................... 6 Taking the GRE Computer-Based Test ................... 7 Registering for the GRE (United States and Canada) ..... 14 GRE Availability and Registration (International Testing) 15 The Paper-Based GRE (for International Test Takers) .... 19 Other GRE Policies You Should Know About ............. 22 The GRE Personal Potential Index (New in 2009) ........ 25 Obtaining Up-to-Date GRE Information ................. 27 Contacting the Testing Service .......................... 28 General Test-Taking Tips ............................... 28 Summing It Up ........................................ 31 2 GRE Questions—A First Look.......................... 33 The GRE’s Eight Basic Question Formats ............... 33 The Analytical Writing Section ......................... 33 The Quantitative Reasoning Section .................... 36 The Verbal Reasoning Section .......................... 43 Summing It Up ........................................ 52 vi Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PART II: DIAGNOSING STRENGTHS AND . WEAKNESSES . . .Practice Test 1: Diagnostic . . Analytical Writing ..................................... 62 . Quantitative Reasoning ................................ 64 . . Verbal Reasoning....................................... 71 . . Answer Key and Explanations .......................... 78 . . . .PART III: ANALYTICAL WRITING . . 4 The Issue Task ....................................... 93 . . Key Facts About the GRE Issue Task ................... 93 . . The 7-Step Plan ....................................... 94 . . Four Advanced Techniques for Scoring High............. 100 . Issue Task Strategies ................................. 108 . . Summing It Up ....................................... 111 . . 5 The Argument Task................................. 113 . . Key Facts About the GRE Argument Task .............. 113 . . The 7-Step Plan ...................................... 114 . . GRE Argument Flaws—and How to Handle Them ...... 122 . Argument Task Strategies ............................. 132 . . Summing It Up ....................................... 135 . . 6 Writing Style and Mechanics ....................... 137 . . Use Rhetorical Words and Phrases ..................... 138 . . Avoid Empty Rhetoric ................................. 138 . . Use Irony as a Rhetorical Device ....................... 139 . Use Punctuation for Emphasis ......................... 139 . . Connect Your Ideas ................................... 139 . . Use the Language of Critical Reasoning Properly ....... 140 . . Refer to Yourself, the Statement, or the . Argument—As Needed ................................ 142 . . Maintain Proper Tone and Voice ....................... 143 . . Vary Sentence Length and Structure ................... 143 . Write Clearly and Concisely ........................... 144 . . Use Language Correctly and Persuasively .............. 145 . . Summing It Up ....................................... 147 . . . .PART IV: QUANTITATIVE REASONING . . 7 Problem Solving ................................... 151 . . Key Facts About GRE Problem Solving ................. 151 . . The 5-Step Plan ...................................... 152 . Problem-Solving Strategies ............................ 158 . . The Data Interpretation Format ....................... 168 . . Data Interpretation Strategies ......................... 172 . . . . . .www.petersons.com . . . . . . . Contents vii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Numeric Entry Format (New) ..................... 173 . Summing It Up ....................................... 176 . . . 8 Quantitative Comparison........................... 177 . Key Facts About GRE Quantitative Comparisons ....... 177 . . The 6-Step Plan ...................................... 179 . . Quantitative Comparison Strategies ................... 183 . . Summing It Up ....................................... 189 . . 9 Math Review: Number Forms, . . Relationships, and Sets............................. 191 . Percents, Fractions, And Decimals ..................... 192 . . Simplifying and Combining Fractions .................. 194 . . Decimal Place Values and Operations .................. 197 . Simple Percent Problems .............................. 198 . . Percent Increase and Decrease ........................ 199 . . Ratios and Proportion ................................. 200 . . Arithmetic Mean, Median, Mode, and Range ............ 205 . Standard Deviation ................................... 210 . . Arithmetic Sequences ................................. 211 . . Geometric Sequences ................................. 213 . . Permutations ......................................... 214 . Combinations ........................................ 215 . . Probability ........................................... 216 . . Summing It Up ....................................... 220 . . 10 Math Review: Number Theory and Algebra........ 221 . . Basic Properties Of Numbers .......................... 222 . . Factors, Multiples, and Divisibility ..................... 224 . Prime Numbers and Prime Factorization ............... 225 . . Exponents (Powers) ................................... 226 . . Roots and Radicals ................................... 230 . . Linear Equations with One Variable ................... 235 . Linear Equations with Two Variables .................. 238 . . Simple Algebraic Functions ............................ 241 . . Linear Equations that Cannot Be Solved ............... 242 . . Factorable Quadratic Expressions with One Variable .... 243 . Nonlinear Equations with Two Variables ............... 247 . . Solving Algebraic Inequalities ......................... 248 . . Solving Algebra “Story” Problems ...................... 249 . . Summing It Up ....................................... 259 . . 11 Math Review: Geometry............................ 261 . . Lines and Angles ..................................... 262 . Triangles ............................................. 265 . . Quadrilaterals ........................................ 271 . . Circles ............................................... 279 . . Polygons ............................................. 287 . Cubes and Other Rectangular Solids ................... 289 . . . . . www.petersons.com. . . . . . . . viii Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cylinders ............................................ 291 . . Coordinate Geometry—the XY-Plane ................... 292 . . Summing It Up ....................................... 303 . . . .PART V: VERBAL REASONING . . 12 Analogies .......................................... 307 . . Key Facts About GRE Analogies ....................... 307 . . The 5-Step Plan ...................................... 308 . . Analogy Strategies .................................... 311 . Analogy Categories You Should Know .................. 317 . . Summing It Up ....................................... 329 . . 13 Sentence and Text Completions..................... 331 . . Key Facts About Sentence Completions ................. 332 . . The 5-Step Plan (Sentence Completions) ................ 332 . . Sentence Completion Strategies ........................ 336 . Structural Clues for Completing Sentences ............. 340 . . Key Facts About Text Completions ..................... 344 . . The 4-Step Plan (Text Completions) .................... 345 . . Logical Connections for Completing Text................ 348 . Text Completion Strategies ............................ 352 . . Summing It Up ....................................... 353 . . 14 Reading Comprehension ........................... 355 . . Key Facts about GRE Reading Comprehension .......... 355 . . Interactive Reading: The Key to Reading . Comprehension ....................................... 357 . . The 7-Step Plan....................................... 358 . . Interactive Reading Strategies ......................... 363 . . Question Types........................................ 368 . GRE Test Designers’ Top 10 Wrong-Answer Ploys ....... 383 . . Summing It Up ....................................... 384 . . 15 Antonyms and GRE Vocabulary .................... 385 . . Key Facts About GRE Antonyms ....................... 385 . . The 5-Step Plan for Antonyms ......................... 386 . . Antonym Strategies ................................... 389 . How the GRE Tests Your Vocabulary ................... 394 . . How GRE Test Designers Choose Vocabulary ........... 395 . . Strategies for Building a GRE Vocabulary .............. 398 . . Summing It Up ....................................... 401 . . . PART VI: FIVE PRACTICE TESTS . . .Practice Test 2 ............................................ 411 . . Analytical Writing .................................... 411 . Verbal Reasoning ..................................... 413 . . . . . . .www.petersons.com . . . . . . . Contents ix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quantitative Reasoning ............................... 418 . Answer Key and Explanations ......................... 426 . . . Practice Test 3............................................. 443 . Analytical Writing .................................... 443 . . Quantitative Reasoning ............................... 445 . . Verbal Reasoning ..................................... 454 . . Answer Key and Explanations ......................... 460 . . Practice Test 4 ............................................ 477 . . Analytical Writing .................................... 477 . Verbal Reasoning ..................................... 479 . . Quantitative Reasoning ............................... 485 . . Answer Key and Explanations ......................... 494 . . Practice Test 5 ............................................ 511 . . Analytical Writing .................................... 511 . . Quantitative Reasoning ............................... 513 . Verbal Reasoning ..................................... 521 . . Answer Key and Explanations ......................... 526 . . . Practice Test 6 ............................................ 543 . Analytical Writing .................................... 543 . . Verbal Reasoning ..................................... 545 . . Quantitative Reasoning ............................... 551 . Answer Key and Explanations ......................... 560 . . . . APPENDIXES . . . A Scoring Your Practice Tests—Quantitative . Reasoning and Verbal Reasoning .................. 573 . . . B Vocabulary List .................................... 577 . . C Additional Resources for Graduate Admissions . and the GRE ........................................ 613 . . . D The GRE for Admission to Graduate . Business School..................................... 627 . . About the Author ......................................... 627 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.petersons.com. . . . . . . .
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