CAMBRIDGE TEXTS IN THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT MICHAEL BAKUNIN Statism and Anarchy CAMBRIDGE TEXTS IN THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT Series editors RAYMOND GEUSS Reader in Philosophy, University of Cambridge QUENTIN SKINNER Regius Professor of Modern History in the University of Cambridge Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought is now firmly established as the major student textbook series in political theory. It aims to make available to students all the most important texts in the history of western political thought, from ancient Greece to the early twentieth century. All the familiar classic texts will be included, but the series seeks at the same time to enlarge the conventional canon by incorporating an extensive range of less well–known works, many of them never before available in a modern English edition. Wherever possible, texts are published in complete and unabridged form, and translations are specially commissioned for the series. Each volume contains a critical introduction together with chronologies, biographical sketches, a guide to further reading and any necessary glossaries and textual apparatus. When completed the series will aim to offer an outline of the entire evolution of western political thought. For a list of titles published in the series, please see end of book MICHAEL BAKUNIN Statism and Anarchy TRANSLATED AND EDITED BY MARSHALL S.SHATZ Professor in the Department of History, University of Massachusetts at Boston CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521361828 © in the English Translation and editorial matter Cambridge University Press 1990 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 1990 Fourth printing 2005 A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Bakunin, Mikhail Aleksandrovich, 1814–1876. [Gosudarstvennost’ i anarkhiia. English] Michael Bakunin, Statism and anarchy/translated, edited, and with an introduction by Marshall S. Shatz. p. cm. – (Cambridge texts in the history of political thought) Translation of: Gosudarstvennost’ i anarkhiia. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0 521 36182 6. – ISBN 0 521 36973 8 (pbk.) 1. Anarchism. 2. State, The. I. Shatz, Marshall. II. Title. III. Title: Statism and anarchy. IV. Series. HX833.B317513 1990 320.5’7 – dc20 – dc20 89–77393 CIP ISBN 978-0-521-36182-8 hardback ISBN 978-0-521-36973-2 paperback Transferred to digital printing 2007 Contents Editor’s note Introduction Principal events in Bakunin’s life Bibliographical note Note on the translation Statism and Anarchy I 3–8: the persecution of the International; 8– 14: the supremacy of the German state over Europe; 14–26: the decline of the French state; the anti-state sentiments of the French workers. II 26–33: the imminence of social revolution in Spain and Italy; 33–45: the weaknesses of the Austro-Hungarian Empire; the historical conflict between Slavs and Germans; the anti- state nature of the Slavs; pan-Germanism and pan-Slavism; 45–51: social revolution and the liberation of the Slavs; 51–56: the case of Serbia; 56–60: the Czechs. III 60–77: German strength and Russian weakness; the dangers of pan-Slavism to the Russian state; 77–83: the character of the German military; 83–88: the Poles as a source of Russian vulnerability; 89–97: the rise of German power on the Baltic; 97–103: the folly of Russian expansion in the East. IV 103–06: the character of the German people; 106–12: the French Revolution and the revival of Prussia; 112–29: the rivalry of Austria and Prussia: liberalism and reaction in Germany, 1815–48. V 129–33: the influence of Hegelianism and the failure of revolution in Germany; 133–36: life, not thought, as the basis of anarchism; 136–38: Hegelianism, statism, and Marxism. VI 138–43: the coming of the revolution of 1848 to Germany; the character and early activity of Marx; 143–63: Germany in 1848: the liberals’ choice of a pan-German state over liberty; 163–68: the bankruptcy of German liberalism. VII 168–73: the character and objectives of Bismarck; 173–77: the character and objectives of Lassalle; 177–81: Marx’s program of state dictatorship; 181–89: Lassalle, Marx, and the Social-Democratic Party; the schism in the International; 189–97: the German nation’s support for the pan- German empire. Appendix A 198–203: what the friends of the people should do; 203–12: the imminence of social revolution in Russia; the people’s ideal and its defects: patriarchalism; 212–17: the revolutionary youth and popular insurrection.