A S T N P S P : T P A RAISE FOR TATE ROFILES HE OPULATION AND D T E E E U.S. S CONOMY OF ACH TATE E S P C P TATE ROFILES 7 O R 6 5 O 4 3 N 2 F O T P E I L HE OPULATION AND CONOMY “This compendium is ideal for anybody thinking of relocating; families can immediately determine a M E state’s health insurance coverage, per pupil expenditure, and housing supply ... Highly recommended S E U.S. S Y for public, school, and academic libraries.” —CHOICE : OF ACH TATE T O “The compilation reflects meticulous research by acknowledged experts in their fields ... Compact and H user-friendly, this work is highly recommended for all libraries.” —Library Journal F E OTHER TITLES IN THE U.S. DATABOOK SERIES™ FROM BERNAN PRESS E P A 7 The Almanac of American Education, 2006 O 6 C P 5 “This is a premier edition … The book is a good reference source, particularly useful for state and coun- H U 4 ty data. It is recommended as a fine complement to the Digest of Education Statistics.” 3 —American Reference Books Annual L U A 2 Business Statistics of the United States: Patterns of Economic Change, 11th Edition, 2006 . T S I “Business Statistics of the United States remains a highly recommended core volume for any library or . O individual in need of business or industry statistics.” —Government Information Quarterly S N T Selected as an “Outstanding Academic Book” by CHOICE A T T E Handbook of U.S. Labor Statistics: Employment, Earnings, Prices, Productivity, and Other HIRD DITION E Labor Data, Ninth Edition, 2006 2006 “It is impossible to make sound decisions on tomorrow’s economic policy without having thorough E D W K A. D B DITED BY IANE ERNEKE AND ATHERINE E RANDT knowledge of the trends that have shaped our economy. The great value of the Handbook of U.S. Labor Statistics is that it brings together into one source the data that researchers need to identify and under- stand those trends.” —Alan Heston, Professor of Economics, University of Pennsylvania Selected as an “Outstanding Reference Source” by the Reference and User Services Association of the American Library Association Vital Statistics of the United States: Births, Life Expectancy, Deaths, and Selected Health Data, Second Edition, 2006 “No medical school, governmental medical policy department, health insurance, academic or community library reference collection can be considered complete without the inclusion of …Vital Statistics of the T H I R D United States.” —Midwest Book Review EDITION ™ 2 0 0 6 For more information on these and other titles ™ available from Bernan Press, please call us at 1-800-274-4447 or visit us on the Web at BERNAN www.bernanpress.com. PRESS State Profiles The Population and Economy of Each U.S. State Third Edition, 2006 http://avaxhome.ws/blogs/ChrisRedfield State Profiles The Population and Economy of Each U.S. State Third Edition, 2006 Editors Diane Werneke Katherine A. DeBrandt Lanham, MD © 2006 Bernan Press,an imprint of Bernan Associates,a division of the Kraus Organization Limited. No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted,in any form or by any means,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. Bernan does not claim copyright in U.S.government information. ISBN:1-59888-011-X ISSN:1524-3958 Printed by United Book Press,Inc.,Baltimore,MD,on acid-free paper that meets the American National Standards Institute Z39-48 standard. 2007 2006 4 3 2 1 BERNAN PRESS 4611-F Assembly Drive Lanham,MD 20706 800-274-4447 email:[email protected] www.bernanpress.com CONTENTS List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .269 Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ix Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .279 Using this Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi Montana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .289 Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .299 United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .309 Rankings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 New Hampshire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .319 New Jersey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .329 Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 New Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .339 Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 New York . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .349 Arizona . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 North Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .359 Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 North Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .369 California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69 Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .379 Colorado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79 Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .389 Connecticut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89 Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .399 Delaware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99 Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .409 District of Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109 Rhode Island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .419 Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119 South Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .429 Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129 South Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .439 Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139 Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .449 Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149 Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .459 Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159 Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .469 Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .169 Vermont . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .479 Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179 Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .489 Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189 Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .499 Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199 West Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .509 Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209 Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .519 Maine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219 Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .529 Maryland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229 Massachusetts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239 Notes and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .539 Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .549 Minnesota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259 v LIST OF TABLES UNITED STATES SECTION Table 1.Immigrants Admitted by Region and Country of Birth,2004 Table 2.Population by Sex and Age,1990,2000,and 2004 Table 3.Population and Components of Population Change,2000–2004 Table 4.Population by Race and Hispanic Origin,1990,2000,and 2004 Table 5.Households and Housing Characteristics,1990,2000,and 2004 Table 6.Health Characteristics,2000–2004 Table 7.Leading Causes of Death,Average 2000–2002 Table 8.Household Income and Poverty Status,1980–2004 Table 9.Personal Income by Major Source,Selected Years 1980–2004 Table 10.Government Transfer Payments,Selected Years 1980–2004 Table 11.Employment Status,1980–2004 Table 12.Employment Status by Demographic Group,2004 Table 13.Employment and Average Wages by Industry,2001–2004 Table 14.Real Gross State Product,1997–2004 Table 15.Exports of Goods by Leading Products and Destinations,2001–2004 Table 16.Agriculture,1997 and 2002 Table 17.Energy Production and Consumption,Selected Years 1975—2004 Table 18.State Taxes,Fiscal 2004 Table 19.State Government Finances,2003 Table 20.Education Indicators,2000–2004 Table 21.Reported Voting and Registration,November 2000 and November 2004 STATE SECTIONS The following tables are included for each state.Select tables are included for the District of Columbia. Table 1.Population by Sex and Age,1990,2000,and 2004 Table 2.Population by Race and Hispanic Origin,1990,2000,and 2004 Table 3.Health Characteristics,2000–2004 Table 4.Leading Causes of Death,Average 2000–2002 Table 5.Households and Housing Characteristics,1990,2000,and 2004 Table 6.Household Income and Poverty Status,1980–2004 Table 7.Employment Status by Demographic Group,2004 Table 8.Employment Status,1990–2004 Table 9.Employment and Average Wages by Industry,2001–2004 Table 10.Personal Income by Major Source,Selected Years 1980–2004 Table 11.Real Gross State Product,1997–2004 Table 12.Government Transfer Payments,Selected Years 1980–2004 Table 13.Exports of Goods by Leading Products and Destinations,2001–2004 Table 14.Agriculture,1997 and 2002 Table 15.Energy Consumption,Expenditures,and Prices,Selected Years 1960–2001 Table 16.State Taxes,Fiscal 2004 Table 17.State Government Finances,2003 Table 18.Education Indicators,2000–2004 Table 19.Reported Voting and Registration,November 2000 and November 2004 vii PREFACE Bernan Press is pleased to present the third edition home prices—major factors in the location decisions of of State Profiles,a publication that provides a state-by- businesses and individuals.Due to the build-up in gov- state view of the United States,including population ernment defense and homeland security activities,esti- composition by age,sex,race,and ethnicity;educational mates of expenditures by state are included in the rank- attainment levels;employment;earnings data;and other ings section.For most of the subjects addressed in this important aspects of the economy. edition,further data are generally available from the While giving an overall description of these characteris- source government agencies.Locations of related infor- tics for the nation as a whole,the publication’s primary mation are listed in the notes and definitions at the end focus is on the 50 states and the District of Columbia, of this volume. each of which possesses considerable differences in eco- Although the editors have taken care to present accu- nomic structure and demographics and has experienced rate data,all statistical data are subject to a degree of various changes over time.Changes at the national level, error,resulting from sampling variability,erroneous including the diminished importance of agriculture and reporting,and other causes.Many of the data are subject manufacturing and the growing influence of global trade, to subsequent revision. have resulted in today’s information-based,service-pro- The data in this book meet the publication standards of viding economy.While national trends have laid the the federal agencies from which they were obtained.The broad framework for change,each state has been affect- responsibilities of the editors and publisher of this volume ed differently.Cyclical fluctuations also affected states in are limited to reasonable care in the reproduction and various ways during the nationwide recessions in presentation of the data from the established sources. 1990–1991 and 2001 and the subsequent recovery peri- ods.Both the recessions and the recoveries spread ACKNOWLEDGMENTS unevenly among regions and states.Migration patterns have also reflected these changes,as states have experi- This edition has been edited by Diane Werneke,in enced different influxes of workers from within the coun- association with Katherine A.DeBrandt. try and new residents from abroad. Diane Werneke was formerly an economist and senior Beyond the market forces,economic circumstances congressional liaison at the Federal Reserve Board.She have been influenced by local and national government has also served on the House Budget Committee,the policies and expenditures on items such as education, President’s Commission on Employment and Unempl- health care,energy production and conservation,national oyment Statistics,and in the International Labor Office defense,and homeland security. in Geneva,Switzerland,specializing in macroeconomic The information provided in State Profilesaims to illu- and labor market policy and analysis.She holds a B.A. minate these trends.As such,the analysis and statistics from the University of California at Berkeley and an are of interest not only to researchers and policy analysts M.A.from The George Washington University,both in but also to businesses seeking a broad basis for invest- economics. ments and expansion or relocation plans.The volume Katherine A.DeBrandt is the data analyst team leader also profiles recent voting patterns,which will be of inter- with Bernan Press.She received her B.A.in political sci- est to political scientists. ence from Colgate University.She is also the co-editor of The Who,What,and Where of America:Understanding the DATA SELECTION Census Results;The Almanac of American Education;and Social Change in America:The Historical Handbook,all The third edition of State Profilesgenerally continues published by Bernan Press. the broad selection of information from the two previous Bernan Press’s editorial and production departments, editions,which reported developments through 2000. under the direction of Tamera L.Wells-Lee,did the copy- Most of the data have been updated through 2004,as editing,layout,and graphics preparation.Jo A.Wilson, demographic estimates from the U.S.Census Bureau the production team leader,capably managed the pro- became available.Information has also been updated on duction aspects of this volume and prepared the graphics employment,unemployment,earnings,income,and other and cover design,with the assistance of Rebecca Zayas. economic data from various government sources. Jo and Rebecca assisted the editor tremendously with As in the past,space constraints have influenced the finalizing this publication.Thanks also to Shana Hertz, amount of data presented for each state.The editors have who copyedited this edition.Finally,special thanks are focused on selecting and highlighting the most meaning- due to the many federal agency personnel who assisted ful and relevant data.Nonetheless,this third edition us in obtaining the data,provided excellent resources on expands upon the available information to include more their Web sites,and patiently answered our questions. detailed data on the demographics of each state,includ- ing population changes due to migration and housing and ix