Annual Meeting Announcement, 463 SSA 2017 Annual Meeting Announcement Seismological Society of America Technical Sessions 18–20 April 2017 Denver, Colorado IMPORTANT DATES Meeting Pre-Registration Deadline 10 March 2017 Hotel Reservation Cutoff 24 March 2017 Online Registration Cutoff 7 April 2017 Pre-Meeting Workshops 17 April 2017 Opening Reception 17 April 2017 Technical Sessions 18–20 April 2017 Additional Workshops 18–20 April 2017 Field Trips 21 April 2017 PROGRAM COMMITTEE Press Relations Becky Ham The 2017 Technical Program Committee consists of co-chairs Seismological Society of America Rich Briggs and Gavin Hayes (U.S. Geological Survey), Rick 602.300.9600 Aster (Colorado State University), Shideh Dashti (Colorado [email protected] University), Whitney Trainor-Guitton (Colorado School of Mines), Christine Puskas (UNAVCO), and Mark Zellman TECHNICAL PROGRAM (Fugro Consultants). The SSA Technical Program comprises oral and poster Meeting Contacts presentations presented over three days. The session descrip- tions, detailed program schedule, and all abstracts appear in the Technical Program Co-Chairs following pages. Rich Briggs and Gavin Hayes [email protected] LECTURES Abstract Submissions President’s Address Julia Lincoff James J. Mori will present the President’s Address at the An- Seismological Society of America nual Luncheon on Tuesday, 18 April 2017. 510.559.1784 [email protected] Joyner Lecture William R. Lettis, Lettis Consultants International, Inc., will Registration present the Joyner Lecture at 5:45 pm on Wednesday, 19 Sissy Stone and Sydni Schieber April 2017. The 2017 Joyner Lecture is titled “Seismic Hazard Seismological Society of America Analysis and Capturing Uncertainty—Just How Uncertain 510.559.1780 – 510.559.1781 Should We Be?” [email protected] The earthquake engineering community and regulatory agencies are moving, at varying rates, toward risk-informed Exhibits engineering decisions and design. Risk-informed decision mak- Sydni Schieber ing, in turn, requires that probabilistic seismic hazard analyses 510.559-1781 explicitly and transparently incorporate uncertainty in hazard- [email protected] significant seismic source and ground motion parameters. The Seismological Research Letters Volume 88, Number 2B March/April 2017 463 Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/srl/article-pdf/88/2B/463/4180215/srl-2017035.1.pdf by Seismological Society of America, Conner Russell on 07 September 2018 Earth science community, following the scientific method, The Boom-Glider: A Dispersed Acoustic Wave from the often leads to publication of a “proponent” interpretation 2014 Antares Rocket Explosion or model with little or no expression of uncertainty beyond Bowman, Daniel ([email protected]) the limits of the immediate data that were considered in the Frequency dispersion, while common in seismology, is research. This practice leaves it incumbent on the Probabilistic rarely observed in geocoustics. However, the 2014 Antares Seismic Hazards Assessment (PSHA) analyst (often a consul- rocket explosion generated a dispersive infrasound wave that tant) to capture the proper range of uncertainty for a parameter traveled almost 1,000 kilometers along the Eastern seaboard. based on the body of published literature or, at times, based on This was likely the most extensive recording of dispersive the analyst’s own interpretations of available data. This is an infrasound in history due to the dense Transportable Array important, often critical, interface issue between the Earth sci- microbarometer network in place at the time. Using inversion ence community and the engineering community. Over time, techniques derived from seismology and the high resolution some published interpretations or models become incorporated Hilbert-Huang Transform, we investigate the atmospheric into “common belief” and become accepted paradigms whose structure that gave rise to this unique wave form. uncertainties are rarely challenged even when more recent data or studies no longer support (if not outright reject) the original How Stochastic Modeling is Driving the Next Generation interpretation or model. Emerging best practice, originating in of Resilience the nuclear industry, is to use a formal, structured process to Stillwell, Kate ([email protected]) capture the center, body, and range of uncertainty for inputs Microinsurance for natural disasters can build lasting to a hazard model. This process engages the Earth science com- social impact and financial resilience, but it’s only feasible munity as resource (e.g., data) and proponent (e.g., interpreta- with comprehensive understanding of the probabilities and tion or model) experts, and requires the PSHA analysts to con- uncertainties of the payout triggers. This presentation shows sider whether full parameter uncertainties are captured within an example of how stochastic modeling underpins the develop- the available data or whether uncertainties ought to extend ment of a parametric earthquake policy for California, which beyond the available data, expert interpretations, and current has the potential to speed up recovery for both individuals and paradigms. An overall goal of current PSHA practice ought to the affected region as a whole. We will describe the process and be the focus on capturing the full range of uncertainty, so that lessons learned in applying model outputs for practical devel- the next generation of PSHA, which will be constructed with opment of an insurance product. more and better information, will have results that fall within today’s uncertainty limits. This presentation will address some “Earthquake Desks” for Bhutan’s Schools: An Affordable, of the issues and questions that have evolved in the assessment Technologically Feasible, Interim and Yet Controversial of uncertainty and include suggestions for a path forward in Method of Improving School Earthquake Safety improved communication of uncertainty between the Earth Tucker, Brian ([email protected]) scientist and the PSHA practitioner. The right way to provide school earthquake safety is with seismically resistant school buildings, but this takes human TOWN HALL MEETING and financial resources and time that many countries at risk from earthquakes don’t have. We offered Bhutan an affordable, On Monday, 17 April, 6:30–8 pm, we will hold a Town Hall technologically feasible, interim solution. An Israeli-designed Meeting titled “Human-Induced Earthquakes: Come Meet “Earthquake Desk” can withstand vertical loads up to one ton the Experts.” This is open to the public and will feature an dropped from a height of 3.5 meters, which is significantly overview presentation on the subject, accompanied by a panel stronger than common desks. By training Bhutan furniture discussion headed by four experts: manufacturers, we created a low-cost, local supply of these 1. Justin Rubinstein, U.S. Geological Survey desks, and by involving the nation’s Ministry of Education, we 2. Kathleen Staks, Colorado Department of Natural created a sustainable demand for them. Resources 3. Stuart Ellsworth, Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Communicating the Quakes in the New Zealand Commission McBride, Sara ([email protected]) 4. Julie Shemeta, MEQ Geo How do we talk about earthquakes in New Zealand? With numerous large earthquakes in the country since 2009, public IGNITE TALKS interest in geological hazards has grown at an astounding rate. So how do we, as a science agency (GeoNet and GNS Science) The Ignite Talks, a new feature of the SSA Annual Meeting, in New Zealand, effectively communicate about earthquakes? comprise an hour of 12 five-minute talks. The talks will take Hint: It involves a lot of social science research combined with place at 6:30 pm on Tuesday, 18 April 2017. savvy communication practice. Earthquakes in the Anthropocene Quigley, Mark ([email protected]) 464 Seismological Research Letters Volume 88, Number 2B March/April 2017 Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/srl/article-pdf/88/2B/463/4180215/srl-2017035.1.pdf by Seismological Society of America, Conner Russell on 07 September 2018 Human activities including the injection and withdrawal is a story about facing the challenge, transforming the doubt of subsurface fluids, mining, and the impoundment of surface of “why do I care?” to action in a future Internet-based world. waters can influence the rates and locations of earthquakes. Through infrastructure development and land-use changes, Emerging Opportunities in Planetary Seismology humans can also change the way that earthquake-induced phe- Kedar, Sharon ([email protected]) nomena such as surface ruptures, rockfalls, landslides, liquefac- In the coming years NASA will launch missions to tion features, flooding, and subsidence are expressed relative to explore Mars, our Moon, and the Ocean Worlds of the Solar their pre-Anthropocene counterparts. In using geologic ana- System. The seismological community is faced with multiple logues to forecast the effects of future earthquakes, one must challenges in introducing seismological exploration to such be mindful of intervening anthropogenic modifications to the missions: Most landed missions are focused on the near sur- region of interest. face; Seismometers, are perceived as complex and adding risk to inherently complicated lander missions; Finally, due to the Access and Integration of Geodetic Data to Enhance long breadth required in the planning and execution of plan- Hazard Preparedness, Response, and Mitigation etary seismology missions, it is challenging for many to invest Rowan, Linda ([email protected]) in an endeavor that may not materialize for decades. We will UNAVCO, the community, and the facility provide criti- discuss these challenges and approaches to overcoming them. cal services for natural hazards preparation, response and miti- gation efforts. Geodetic data such as GPS/GNSS, SAR satel- Temblors and Tweets lite imagery and ground-based and airborne Lidar imagery are Guy, Michelle ([email protected]) becoming a more integral part of hazard resiliency, hazard fore- Vast numbers of people immediately turn to social media casts and/or hazard early warning. Geodetic data is valuable and apps in the seconds following earthquakes. Information for helping with many hazards, such as earthquakes, volcanic on social media travels faster than seismic waves can reach glob- unrest, tsunamis, floods, fires, droughts, severe weather, hurri- ally distributed seismic instruments. Here are some ways our canes, sea level rise, glacial changes, avalanches, and even space community capitalizes on the free, ubiquitous, and indepen- weather. Now it is important to provide more access to geodetic dent data from crowd sources. data and to fully integrate geodetic data into resiliency, fore- casts, and warning systems. Managing the Explosion of High-Resolution Topography for Active Fault Research 2,000 Years of Earthquake Sounds in 5 Minutes Arrowsmith, Ramon ([email protected]) Michael, Andrew ([email protected]) Centimeter to decimeter-scale 3D sampling of the Earth “…previous to an earthquake, a roaring is usually heard,” surface topography coupled with photorealistic coloring of wrote Lucius Annaeus Seneca, circa 65 CE, in “Naturales point clouds and texture mapping of meshes enables a wide Quaestiones.” From there, I will tour through historical cata- range of science applications. The configuration and state of logs of earthquake sounds, personal experience, how sounds the surface is valuable, and repeat surveys enable quantifica- are produced, and the use of sonified seismograms in educa- tion of topographic change. I will present recent updates to tion and art. This history includes seismological greats such as the OpenTopography system and discuss opportunities for the Mallet, Ewing, and Benioff, along with our contemporaries. community. Along the way, we will listen to recordings of sounds from the free field, people reacting to earthquakes, sonified seismo- Dark Energy and Earthquakes: Elastic Strain Invisible grams, and snippets of music and art pieces, only some of which to Geodesy were created by seismologists. Bilham, Roger ([email protected]) Geodesy has great utility where strain changes are rapid, Citizen Seismology in Taiwan: Why We Failed and What but less so where they are slow. It is useless where strain is stag- Is the Future? nant, yet most of the world’s earthquakes draw wholly or in Chen, Kate Huihsuan ([email protected]) part on this invisible reservoir of dark strain energy. Is there a The citizen seismic network in Taiwan is dying. Despite fix? lots of workshops and activities, even with a near-real time earthquake game competition and board game (quake-nop- WORKSHOPS oly) developed along the way, we came to realize the huge gap between what people need and what we do. And to bridge the Probabilistic Seismic Hazards Assessment: From Basics gap, a new generation of the citizen seismic network is needed. to Induced Seismicity Imagine at work you receive the alarm from sensors at home Monday, 17 April 2017, 2–5 pm that tells you the location, size, and type of anomalous shaking Registration Required. events in the neighborhood. Can this future warning system Fee: $10 for SSA Student Members and Transitional Members; happen, allowing citizens to perform emergency response? This $50 for SSA Regular Members; $75 for Non-Members Seismological Research Letters Volume 88, Number 2B March/April 2017 465 Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/srl/article-pdf/88/2B/463/4180215/srl-2017035.1.pdf by Seismological Society of America, Conner Russell on 07 September 2018 Workshop leaders: Gail Atkinson, a Professor of Earth the journal production staff in the publication process will be Sciences and the NSERC/TransAlta/Nanometrics Industrial discussed. Open to all questions about reviewing and publish- Research Chair in Hazards from Induced Seismicity at ing, the instructors are hoping for a lively Q&A session as in Western University in Canada; Mark Petersen, U.S. Geological years past. The free workshop is geared toward students and Survey; Chuck Mueller, U.S. Geological Survey; and Morgan early-career seismologists, but is open to all Annual Meeting Moschetti, U.S. Geological Survey. attendees. This workshop will introduce the key ingredients of Probabilistic Seismic Hazards Assessment (PSHA): seismo- That Poster Is Just Fine And So Are You: Maintaining genic zonation and ground motion prediction equations. A Self-Confidence and Balance in the Uncertain World of set of seismogenic source models, sometimes termed as “earth- Early-Career Science quake rupture forecasts”, describes what kinds of earthquakes Wednesday, 19 April 2017, 8–9:30 pm are possible in the future and how frequently they might Registration requested. occur. The model must specify the size distribution of these No Fee. future earthquakes (the Gutenberg-Richter law), including an assessment of the maximum possible event size, their depth Panelists: Margaret Benoit, Program Officer, National distribution, and faulting styles. The historical and instru- Science Foundation; Tobias Bischoff, Data Scientist; Ph.D. mental catalogs are often the primary information for defin- Environmental Science and Engineering, California Institute ing source models and their quality, homogeneity, and com- of Technology, 2016; Harmony Colella, Earthquake Hazard pleteness needs to be assessed in detail. The determination Mitigation Analyst at University of California, Berkeley/ of ground motion prediction equations involves developing a California Office of Emergency Services; Ian Miller, Chair, model that expresses the amplitudes of ground motion—peak Department of Earth Sciences, Denver Museum of Nature ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and spectral accel- And Science; Chris Rollins, Ph.D. Student, Seismological eration—as a function of earthquake magnitude, distance, site Laboratory, California Institute of Technology effects, and other factors; the model also needs to character- Do you worry that the one figure where the fit isn’t great ize the uncertainty and variability in the model. Such models will be the only thing anyone remembers about your poster? are typically a blend of empirical regression constrained by Do you feel like the two possible outcomes of that talk you’re seismological considerations regarding functional form. The giving next week are “Audience Member Points Out Problem two ingredients are then combined, most commonly using the in Slide 6, Resulting in Complete Disaster That Everyone in PSHA method developed by Cornell (e.g., BSSA, 1968) and Attendance Will Forever Associate with You” and “Somehow McGuire (e.g., 2004 EERI monograph). A common assump- No One Points Out Problem in Slide 6, But It’s Still All Wrong tion has been that earthquakes are randomly distributed at a and They Probably Saw It”? Are you still kicking yourself over constant rate in time (i.e., stationary in time), but this is chang- that conversation you had with your academic hero six years ing rapidly due to the influence of induced seismicity on earth- ago when you referenced the wrong paper? Does the idea of liv- quake occurrence. This workshop is presented jointly by SSA ing a balanced life and doing things you like while at the same and the Community Online Resource for Statistical Seismicity time somehow “winning” the academic “rat race” seem impos- Analysis (www.corssa.org). sible? We’re here with two things to say: 1) You’re going to be okay; 2) Let’s hear about it. This is a panel discussion geared Be a Better Reviewer, Advance Your Career toward early-career scientists and the issues that they often Monday, 17 April 2017, 2:30–4:30 pm face—impostor syndrome, anxiety about the next step and Registration Requested. the future, work/life balance, you name it—motivated by the No Fee. observation that these issues seem to affect many of us and have made the road very rough for some. Bring your beef and let’s Workshop leaders: Roland Bürgmann of University of discuss it, hear from people who have dealt with it, and work California, Berkeley, a BSSA associate editor emeritus; John toward both awareness of these issues and ways that we can give Ebel of Boston College and founding editor-in-chief of SRL; each other a hand. We’ll see you there. and Brent Grocholski of Science and editor of all seismology papers for the journal. Government Relations Informational Session: What’s This workshop will help you learn how to be a more reliable New in DC and How it Impacts You and productive reviewer for technical papers, and how to use Wednesday, 19 April 2017, 5–5:45 pm the reviews you receive to improve your research and to build No registration required. better relationships with your editors and peers. Participants No fee. will get an in-depth look at the steps needed to review col- leagues’ papers in constructive and reliable ways. They will also Workshop leader: Elizabeth Duffy, President of the Federal learn how becoming a good reviewer can help them develop Affairs Office, Washington, D.C. and Government Affairs their careers and contribute to the broader seismological com- Coordinator for SSA. munity. The roles of the editors, the reviewers, the authors, and 466 Seismological Research Letters Volume 88, Number 2B March/April 2017 Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/srl/article-pdf/88/2B/463/4180215/srl-2017035.1.pdf by Seismological Society of America, Conner Russell on 07 September 2018 Please join SSA’s representative in Washington DC, ticipants will tour the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Elizabeth Duffy, to discuss the new Congress and new Administration (NOAA) David Skaggs Research Center Presidential Administration, the expected legislative priori- with stops at the Space Weather Prediction Center, ESRL ties for federal science programs, and the future of earthquake Global Monitoring Division for information on the carbon funding. Intended to be an interactive discussion on the current dioxide record, the National Weather Service Forecast Office, legislative climate in Washington, Duffy will provide advice on and Science On a Sphere. Finally, participants will tour the strategies to promote effectively your science in Congress and UNAVCO, Inc. global geodetic facility in Boulder. The trip take questions from participants to address general and specific begins and ends at the Sheraton Denver Downtown Hotel and concerns. hiking will be minimal. Lunch will be served at a local brewery. She brings more than 20 years of business, politics, and advocacy experience representing associations and organiza- The Epicenter of Induced Seismicity: Rocky tions before Congress, including developing and implementing Mountain Arsenal advocacy strategies and working to educate and inform mem- Friday, 21 April 2017, 8:30 am–4 pm bers of Congress, federal agencies, and the Administration. Registration Required. Fee: $75 (box lunch included). FIELD TRIPS Trip leaders: Meghan Brown and Anne Sheehan (University of Geodynamics, Geophysics, and Geology of the Colorado Colorado Boulder) Front Range Deep injection during the 1960s at Rocky Mountain Friday, 21 April 2017, 9 am–6 pm Arsenal (RMA), only 10 miles/15 kilometers from the 2017 Registration required. Annual Meeting location, caused damaging earthquakes in Fee: $75 (lunch included). the Denver region and awoke the scientific community to the problem of induced seismicity. This trip focuses on our current Trip leaders: Will Levandowski (U.S. Geological Survey), understanding of induced seismicity in the context of the his- Dean Ostenaa (Ostenaa Geologic), Zane Jobe (Colorado tory of RMA and lessons learned from recent regulatory frame- School of Mines), Rich Briggs (U.S. Geological Survey), and works. Stops include sites at RMA and a nearby injection well. Mark Zellman (Fugro Consultants Inc.) The trip begins and ends at the Sheraton Denver Downtown This field trip will visit sites that illustrate key geophysi- Hotel. Hiking will be minimal but dress for spring weather cal and geological questions along the Colorado Front Range and for outdoor trip stops. A box lunch will be provided. of the Rocky Mountains: What are the geodynamic driv- ers of broad deformation and focused seismicity along the PRELIMINARY SCHEDULE Rocky Mountains/High Plains transition? What evidence for Cenozoic deformation is recorded in the Denver Basin and Events will be held at the Denver Downtown Sheraton in Quaternary surfaces along the Front Range? How did these Denver, Colorado. This schedule is subject to change. beautiful mountains form and what processes are active today? Stops extend into the Front Range west of Denver and ten- Monday, 17 April tatively include Lookout Mountain, where East meets West; Board of Directors Meeting (9:30 am–5:00 pm) a view of the Continental Divide from Genesee; the Rocky Workshop: Probabilistic Seismic Hazards Assessment: From Mountain erosion surface at Evergreen; deformed strata of the Basics to Induced Seismicity (2:00–5:00 pm) Ancestral Rockies at Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Morrison; Workshop: Be a Better Reviewer, Advance Your Career and evidence for Cenozoic deformation and erosion at North (2:30–4:30 pm) Table Mountain in Golden. Lunch will be provided at a local Registration (3:00–7:00 pm) brewery. The trip begins and ends at the Sheraton Denver Opening Reception (5:00–7:00 pm) Downtown Hotel. Hiking will be minimal but dress for spring Town Hall Meeting (6:30–8:00 pm) weather and for outdoor trip stops. Tuesday, 18 April Facilities Tour of NEIC, NOAA, and UNAVCO Technical Sessions (8:30 am–5:45 pm) Friday, 21 April 2017, 8 am–5 pm Annual Luncheon (noon–2:00 pm) Registration Required. Pint and a Poster (5:45–6:30 pm) Fee: $75 (lunch included). Ignite Talks (6:30–7:30 pm) Student Reception (7:30–9:00 pm) Trip leader: Gavin Hayes (U.S. Geological Survey) Early Career Reception (7:30–9:00 pm) This trip will visit three major Earth science facilities along the Colorado Front Range. Stops include a specialist’s perspec- Wednesday, 19 April tive on global earthquake response at the USGS National Mentoring Breakfast (7:00–8:15 am) Earthquake Information Center (NEIC). In Boulder, par- Technical Sessions (8:30 am–5:00 pm) Seismological Research Letters Volume 88, Number 2B March/April 2017 467 Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/srl/article-pdf/88/2B/463/4180215/srl-2017035.1.pdf by Seismological Society of America, Conner Russell on 07 September 2018 Public Policy Luncheon (noon–1:15 pm) HOTEL AND TRAVEL INFORMATION Pint and a Poster (5:00–5:45 pm) Workshop: Government Relations: What’s New in DC and The conference will be held at the Denver Downtown Shera- How it Impacts You (5:00–5:45 pm) ton Hotel at 1550 Court Place, Denver, Colorado. SSA has a Joyner Lecture (5:45–6:45 pm) room block at the Sheraton with a room rate of $178 (plus ap- Reception (6:45–8:00 pm) plicable taxes). The room rate of $178 (plus applicable taxes) Workshop: That Poster Is Just Fine and So Are You: Maintaining is the government per diem rate, so there is no need to register Self-Confidence and Balance in the Uncertain World of differently if you work for the US Government. Please note Early-Career Science (8:00–9:30 pm) that the cutoff date for reservations at this rate is 24 March 2017. Thursday, 20 April Technical Sessions (8:30 am–5:30 pm) INFORMATION FOR EXHIBITORS, SPONSORS, Group Luncheon (noon–1:15 pm) AND ADVERTISERS Pint and a Poster (2:45–3:45 pm) Information for organizations wishing to register as exhibitors, Friday, 21 April sponsor events at the meeting, or advertise in the meeting pro- Field Trip: Facilities of NEIC, NOAA, and UNAVCO gram can be found on the SSA website. More information will (8:00 am–5:00 pm) be posted, as it is available, at: http://meetings.seismosoc.org/ Field Trip: The Epicenter of Induced Seismicity: Rocky advertising-opportunities/ Mountain Arsenal (8:30 am–4:00 pm) Field Trip: Geodynamics, Geophysics, and Geology of the Colorado Front Range (9:00 am–6:00 pm) 468 Seismological Research Letters Volume 88, Number 2B March/April 2017 Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/srl/article-pdf/88/2B/463/4180215/srl-2017035.1.pdf by Seismological Society of America, Conner Russell on 07 September 2018 Technical Sessions, 469 Technical Sessions Advances in Earthquake Early Warning advance whether such activity will occur. It is also not clear what mitigation measures might be effective once a sequence Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) systems provide advance has been initiated. We invite papers dealing with all aspects warning of potentially damaging ground shaking and enable of this particular problem, including earthquake nucleation the activation of protective actions to prevent or reduce inju- processes, assessment and characterization of sequences and ries or economic losses. A variety of EEW alert capabilities are their likelihood, regional variability of susceptibility, ground in operation or under development in multiple regions of high motions generated by sequences, traffic light protocols, and seismic risk around the world. These vary in complexity from hazard assessment and mitigation. systems that take relatively simple actions based on ground Session Chairs: Gail Atkinson ([email protected]), motions exceeding a threshold at a single site to network-based David Eaton ([email protected]), Ryan Schultz (Ryan. systems that track an evolving rupture across multiple sensors. [email protected]), Honn Kao ([email protected]). All EEW systems must consider: 1) types and quality of avail- able ground motion data (seismic, GNSS, etc.); 2) sensor lay- Characterization of the Stress Field and Focal out including station distribution, telemetry, and latencies; 3) Mechanisms for Earthquake Source Physics and methodologies for estimating source properties and/or predict- Fault Mechanics ing ground motion; 4) communication and use of alerts; and 5) evaluation of system performance. We invite contributions Accurate estimation of the state of stress and pore fluid pres- that address all aspects of EEW systems from the theoretical sure is important for understanding processes leading to fault underpinnings to education and outreach efforts. reactivation and earthquake nucleation. The main purpose of Session Chairs: Elizabeth Cochran (ecochran@usgs. this session is to foster communication between researchers gov), Angela Chung ([email protected]), Douglas Given from different fields focussing on characterization of the stress ([email protected]). field at global, regional (e.g., near large tectonic structures or subduction zones), and local scale (e.g., in relation to man-made Advances in Seismic Full Waveform Modeling, perturbations). Of particular interest is the link between stress Inversion, and Their Applications field and pore pressure estimations from seismology and state- of-the-art modeling approaches. Contributions may regard 3D full waveform modeling and inversion holds promise for (but are not limited to) studies of: more accurate accounts of wave propagation, higher-resolution • New techniques to improve characterization of stress field Earth models, and better earthquake location and characteriza- orientation, stress magnitudes and pore pressure, or com- tion. This session includes, but is not limited to, development parisons of existing techniques. and verification of full waveform forward modeling methods, • Structural, tectonic or dynamic factors perturbing the and novel inverse algorithms, together with their applications stress field (e.g., large magnitude earthquakes, anthropo- in accurate source location (earthquakes or nuclear tests), genic activities, temperature changes, aftershock/fore- imaging of velocity and attenuation structure at local to global shock sequences, fault bends), implications of these per- scales, as well as full waveform migration. Topics related to turbations and their spatio-temporal extent. quantitative interpretation of tomographic models (using seis- • Analysis of earthquake moment tensors: relation with the mological, geological or geochemical data) are also welcome. stress field and implications for earthquake source physics. Session Chairs: Nian Wang ([email protected]). • Orientation, consistency, and associated seismic hazard Xueyang Bao ([email protected]), Dmitry Borisov (dborisov@ of fault structures with respect to the local/regional stress princeton.edu), Youyi Ruan ([email protected]). field. Implications for the frictional properties of faults and/or formation and growth of faults. Assessment and Management of Hazards from • Stress heterogeneity at different scales and potential rela- Seismicity Induced by Hydraulic Fracturing tion with varying earthquake source physics (e.g., stress drop, b-value). There has been growing recognition of the potential for hydrau- • The role of the background stress field and pore pressure lic fracturing to induce significant (M>3) earthquakes in a for earthquake triggering via stress redistribution. small percentage of horizontal well completions. Assessment Session Chairs: Patricia Martínez-Garzón (patricia@ and mitigation of potential hazards from this seismicity pose gfz-potsdam.de), Jeanne L. Hardebeck ([email protected]), unique challenges due to the highly clustered nature of the Martha Savage ([email protected]), Marco Bohnhoff activity in time and space, and the difficulty of predicting in ([email protected]). Seismological Research Letters Volume 88, Number 2B March/April 2017 469 Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/srl/article-pdf/88/2B/463/4180215/srl-2017035.1.pdf by Seismological Society of America, Conner Russell on 07 September 2018 Closing the Gap between Laboratory-based Earthquake Complexities Revealed by Kinematic Damping Models and Observed Attenuation of and Dynamic Modeling and Multiple Geophysical Seismic Waves in the Field Data Sets Seismic wave attenuation is an important topic for both seis- In recent years, spatiotemporal and geometrical earthquake mology and engineering. It plays a key role in the prediction rupture complexities have been imaged with increasing detail. of ground motions, the estimation of site effects, and the In particular, large to great earthquakes (M > 7) often show evaluation of seismic hazards. The seismic quality factor, Q, segmented rupture, involve multiple faults, and trigger large is a dimensionless quantity that is inversely proportional to nearby aftershocks almost instantaneously. The complexity the attenuation of elastic wave energy, and it is widely used of large earthquakes challenges traditional source imaging in engineering seismology. Damping ratio, ξ, is used to quan- approaches and motivates developments of novel methods to tify energy dissipation in geotechnical engineering, and it is map the space-time evolution of the rupture process. The use of obtained through laboratory experiments that primarily mea- multiple data sets, such as seismic, geodetic, and tsunami mea- sure hysteresis. Dynamic testing of small-scale soil samples can surements, opens an avenue for future improvements in kine- only characterize material damping and fails to capture other matic source modeling, but requires new statistical means to mechanisms of attenuation as they occur in the field (e.g., scat- optimally weight individual data sets. Similarly, appropriately tering). However, laboratory-based damping ratio curves are quantifying the uncertainties of the resulting source models typically used with no modification for differences between the is needed to assess which parts of the rupture process are well laboratory and field conditions. The high-frequency spectral imaged. At the same time, incorporating local geology, regional decay parameter, κ, is based on characteristics of low-intensity tectonics, and principles of earthquake dynamics is very valu- ground motions recorded directly in the field, which makes it able to understand and interpret the observed rupture pattern. an observable parameter that quantifies total path attenuation. This session discusses new approaches, new data sets, and The main purpose of this session is to bring together research- latest findings in kinematic source imaging and dynamic rup- ers focused on the characterization of damping from different ture modeling. We invite contributions related to kinematic perspectives in an attempt to improve our ability to constrain source imaging with new methods, improved uncertainty this elusive parameter. Contributions may regard (but are not quantification, and using multiple data sets. In particular, we limited to) studies of: 1) quantification of the attenuation of solicit studies that provide unified interpretations of observed seismic waves from field, laboratory, and numerical studies; 2) kinematic rupture patterns with earthquakes dynamics, as well comparisons of material damping values determined through as post-seismic and interseismic processes and the local tectonic different approaches; 3) innovative methodologies for quanti- framework. We also solicit contributions on dynamic rupture fying anelastic attenuation; 4) methodologies for harnessing simulations on geometrically complex faults, and studies that data from field and laboratory studies; and 5) implications of incorporate new rupture physics and laboratory rupture exper- attenuation and its associated uncertainty in site response anal- iments that are reconciled with geophysical observations. ysis and site-specific seismic hazard assessment. Session Chairs: Wenyuan Fan ([email protected]), P. Session Chairs: Albert Kottke ([email protected]), Martin Mai ([email protected]), David D. Oglesby Ashly Cabas ([email protected]). ([email protected]). Computational Infrastructure and Data for Earthquake Geology and Paleoseismic Studies of Enhancing Earthquake Science the Intermountain West: New Methods and Findings on Seismic Hazard Characterization of Advances in earthquake science are becoming increasingly tied Low Slip Rate Faults to advances in computational infrastructure. Because earth- quake processes span multiple spatial and temporal scales, The intermountain west is a broad region characterized by dis- ranging from microscopic, millisecond source physics to long- tributed faulting with relatively low slip rates and long recur- term, global tectonic scales, earthquake scientists must rely rence intervals. These factors create a unique set of challenges on computational laboratories to integrate disparate data sets for geologists and seismologists tasked with understanding and perform simulation experiments. This session focuses on the seismic hazard of the region. Despite these difficulties, advances in computational infrastructure and data synthesis scientists are developing innovative methods to characterize for enhancing earthquake science, including software, super- faults, assess seismic activity, and place constraints on contem- computing, simulation models, sensor technology, heteroge- porary deformation of the intermountain west. These studies neous data sets, cloud computing, management of huge data are progressing the methodologies for evaluation of seismic volumes, and development of community standards. hazard, and improving informed decision making by regula- Session Chairs: Lisa Grant Ludwig ([email protected]), tory and planning agencies. We invite studies from researchers Andrea Donnellan ([email protected]). and practitioners presenting new results of this nature within the intermountain west region, including but not limited to: the Walker Lane, Basin and Range, and the Rio Grande Rift. 470 Seismological Research Letters Volume 88, Number 2B March/April 2017 Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/srl/article-pdf/88/2B/463/4180215/srl-2017035.1.pdf by Seismological Society of America, Conner Russell on 07 September 2018 Particular topics of interest include: 1) paleoseismic estimates Session Chairs: Wenyuan Fan ([email protected]), Andy of earthquake recurrence, magnitude, slip rate, and rupture Barbour ([email protected]), Xiaowei Chen (xiaowei.chen@ extent; 2) application of high-resolution topography; 3) objec- ou.edu). tive techniques for evaluating paleoseismic data quality and synthesizing datasets; 4) integration of geologic and geodetic Earthquake Rapid Response data; and 5) techniques for evaluating fault segmentation and multi-fault rupture. Rapid deployments of seismic arrays and GPS receivers after Session Chairs: Seth Dee ([email protected]), Stephen Angster recent large earthquakes demonstrate the power of well- ([email protected]). recorded aftershock sequences and the postseismic deforma- tion field to shed light on earthquake ruptures and transient Earthquake Impacts on the Natural and processes associated with these events. In the wake of large Built Environment earthquakes, coordinated, dense, well-positioned deployments of seismic arrays, GPS receivers, and EM/MT instruments, In this session, we invite presentations on earthquake effects combined with field studies and satellite-based geodetic mea- and their impacts. This includes models of landslides, liq- surements and imagery, provide a high-resolution definition uefaction, lateral spreading, surface fault rupture, building of the rupture zone, rupture-limiting structures, and insight damage, and infrastructure/lifeline performance, as well as into postseismic deformation, earthquake triggering, the role broader multi-hazard impact analyses. We encourage submis- of fluids in faulting, changes in material properties, and fault sions on empirical and analytical models, sensitivity analyses, zone healing. Data from earthquake rapid response efforts can data analyses, and scenario exercises. Given the challenges of advance earthquake forecasting research and yields a densely linking secondary effects and their impacts to simplified shak- sampled high-resolution data set to characterize in detail earth ing parameters, we also encourage submissions on innova- structure and to image fault networks. tive parameterizations of ground motion shaking intensity to We invite abstracts that report results from post-earth- account for cumulative energy, frequency content, and dura- quake response efforts and aftershock studies, address the ben- tion effects. Similarly, we hope to include recent developments efits of multidisciplinary data collected after an event, present on proxies for predicting the likelihood and the spatial distri- ideas about how to better coordinate efforts and improve effi- bution of earthquake ground failure impacts. ciencies of rapid deployments, and technological developments Session Chairs: Eric Thompson ([email protected]), that enhance our ability to effectively deploy instruments and/ Kate Allstadt ([email protected]), Kishor Jaiswal (kjaiswal@ or collect field data after large events. usgs.gov), Nilesh Shome ([email protected]). Session Chairs: Anne Meltzer ([email protected]), Jay Pulliam ([email protected]), Dan McNamara Earthquake Interaction and Triggering: From Near ([email protected]). Field to Far Field, From Natural to Induced Earthquake Source Parameters: Theory, Unraveling patterns and mechanisms of earthquake trigger- Observations, and Interpretations ing is important for understanding earthquake occurrence and seismic hazard forecast. For example, aftershocks are Understanding origin and spatio-temporal evolution of seis- consequences of static and/or dynamic stress perturbations micity needs a careful quantitative analysis of earthquake from mainshocks. Whereas static-stress triggering is most source parameters for large sets of earthquakes in studied effective at near field, dynamic-stress triggering has been seismic sequences. Determining focal mechanisms, seismic widely reported to cause earthquakes and nonvolcanic tremor moment tensors, static stress drop, apparent stress, and other remotely. Recent studies show dynamic triggering is common earthquake source parameters provides an insight into tec- in the near-to-intermediate field, and capable to cause damag- tonic stress and crustal strength in the area under study, mate- ing earthquakes. Faults near oil-and-gas and geothermal fields rial properties and prevailing fracturing mode (shear/tensile) are also highly susceptive to dynamic triggering. Such obser- in the focal zone, and allows investigating earthquake source vations lead to questions regarding fault friction properties, processes in greater details. In addition, studying relations tectonic stress conditions, and fault hydraulic responses. This between static and dynamic source parameters and earthquake session discusses new observations and models related to earth- size is essential to understanding the self-similarity of rupture quake interaction and triggering. We invite contributions from process and scaling laws and to improving our knowledge on studies of near-field to remote earthquake triggering and stud- ground motion prediction equations. ies of natural and anthropogenically induced earthquake inter- This session focuses on methodological as well as obser- actions. We also solicit research of hydro-mechanical modeling vational aspects of earthquake source parameters of natural and dynamic simulations of fault interactions, which incorpo- or induced earthquakes in broad range of magnitudes from rate laboratory experiments and field observations. large to small earthquakes, including acoustic emissions in laboratory experiments. Presentations of new approaches of focal mechanisms determination, seismic moment tensors, Seismological Research Letters Volume 88, Number 2B March/April 2017 471 Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/srl/article-pdf/88/2B/463/4180215/srl-2017035.1.pdf by Seismological Society of America, Conner Russell on 07 September 2018 and other source parameters, as well as case studies related to faults. Geodetic observations are particularly important in analysis of earthquake source parameters are welcome. We also regions with sparsely mapped faults and/or few geologic slip invite contributions related to scaling of static and dynamic rate estimates, such as inland Alaska, and in regions with source parameters and to self-similarity of earthquakes. known seismic hazard but broadly distributed strain, like the Session Chairs: Vaclav Vavrycuk ([email protected]), Basin and Range. However, geodetic estimates of fault slip rates Grzegorz Kwiatek ([email protected]), German Prieto can vary significantly for a single fault or region and may differ ([email protected]). from geologic rates on the same fault. These discrepancies may reflect model assumptions since geodetic observations of the Earthquakes and Tsunamis interseismic phase of the earthquake cycle must be interpreted in the context of a prescribed deformation model. They may This general session brings together a collection of presenta- also reflect transient processes due to post-seismic relaxation, tions with the common theme of Earthquakes and Tsunamis. glacial isostatic adjustment, and aseismic slip events that bias Session Chairs: Rich Briggs and Gavin Hayes inferred interseismic deformation rates and, in turn, long-term ([email protected]). fault slip rate estimates. We invite contributions that describe the application of geodetic data to earthquake hazard estima- Emerging Opportunities in Planetary Seismology tion in a variety of settings worldwide. We also seek contribu- tions that present new approaches to addressing the challenge In the coming years and decades NASA may launch missions of effectively incorporating geodetic information into seismic to explore Mars, our Moon, and the Ocean Worlds of the Solar hazard assessment. Some questions of interest include: System (e.g., Europa and Enceladus, and Titan). The InSight • How can we best utilize geodetic observations in regions (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy, with few mapped structures or regions with low strain and Heat Transport) mission that will land on Mars in rates but known seismic hazard? November 2018 will be the first Mars lander to place an ultra- • What is the role of off-fault deformation in geodetically sensitive broadband seismometer on the planet’s surface. The observed strain rates, and what fraction of deformation Lunar Geophysical Network, identified as a high-priority New occurs between major faults? Frontiers class mission in the Planetary Science Decadal sur- • Can we identify the cause of discrepancies between geo- vey, seeks to understand the nature and evolution of the lunar detic and geologic slip rate estimates for the same fault? interior from the crust to the core. In addition, concepts are • By what metrics should geodetic models be assessed? being developed to explore the interior of Venus, asteroids and • How do we assess uncertainty and the impact of modeling comets. assumptions? The objectives of these missions vary. While InSight and • How do we estimate long-term fault slip rates in the pres- the Lunar Geophysical Network are primarily geophysical mis- ence of transient deformation signals (e.g., glacial isostatic sions, missions to our Ocean Worlds focus on the detection of adjustment, postseismic relaxation, slow slip events, etc.)? life and conditions for life. Despite these differing emphases, Session Chairs: Jeff Freymueller ([email protected]), mapping the shallow and deep interior of planetary bodies is Elieen Evans ([email protected]), Jessica Murray (jrmurray@ essential, as their interiors hold the clues for understanding usgs.gov). their planetary evolution as well as for determining their ther- mal and chemical makeup and thus their habitability. The tool Fault Mechanics and Rupture Characteristics from that can most efficiently reveal the detailed structures of plan- Surface Deformation etary interiors is seismology. This session invites presentations on seismological explora- High-quality surface data (e.g., point clouds, digital eleva- tion of planetary interiors. Authors are invited to present re- tion models, and digital imagery) have become more readily analysis of data from past missions (Apollo and Viking) and available and easier to process and analyze with advances in from terrestrial analogs, as well as concepts, models, and simu- acquisition technologies and computer processing capabilities. lations of seismological studies that could be included in future Accurate renditions of co- and post-seismic surface deforma- missions to the Solar System. tion permit characterization of fault and damage zone proper- Session Chairs: Sharon Kedar ([email protected]. ties for scales and at resolutions that were not previously pos- gov), Steve Vance ([email protected]), Nicholas sible. This session addresses advances in earthquake and fault Schmerr ([email protected]). science using the newest generation of digital imagery and topography data. We encourage submissions that use continu- Estimating Earthquake Hazard from Geodetic Data ous surface data (e.g., lidar, structure-from-motion, InSAR, UAVSAR, pixel tracking) to study fault mechanics and prop- Geodetic techniques such as GPS and InSAR provide a criti- erties, including damage zone width and asymmetry, near and cal constraint for quantifying earthquake hazard by recording far-field displacement fields, shallow slip deficit, and scarp mor- the active accumulation of tectonic strain across seismogenic phology and degradation. 472 Seismological Research Letters Volume 88, Number 2B March/April 2017 Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/srl/article-pdf/88/2B/463/4180215/srl-2017035.1.pdf by Seismological Society of America, Conner Russell on 07 September 2018