Sport Management, Innovation and the COVID-19 Crisis This book looks at how sport and sports organisations have had to innovate dur- ing the COVID-19 pandemic. Against a backdrop of lockdowns, empty stadia and a fast-moving public health crisis, the book presents fascinating case studies of innovation and crisis manage- ment in sport, with valuable lessons to be learned for preparedness and resilience in future crises. The book explores how managerial processes have evolved during the pandemic in areas as diverse as sports communication, youth sport, sports events, esports, sports tourism, and physical activity, in both professional and community settings. It considers the fundamental importance of technology as a tool of innovation and considers how different stakeholder groups, from govern- ing bodies to athletes to fans, have developed new pathways of engagement and what that might mean for the future development of the sport industry. This book is fascinating reading for any student, researcher, practitioner or policy maker looking to better understand this profound moment in the history of sport and society, and to anybody with an interest in key themes in sport business and management, such as innovation, crisis management or consumer behaviour. Gözde Ersöz is an Associate Professor at the Department of Sport Management at Fenerbahçe University who specializes in sport management, behaviour sci- ence, sport, and exercise behaviour. Dr. Ersöz has published 30 research articles and 6 book chapters, and also presented more than 100 papers in scientifc con- gress. Dr. Ersöz is the co-editor of the Journal of Sport and Social Sciences and The Journal of Eurasia Sport Sciences Medicine. She also serves on the editorial board of many journals published in the felds of Sport and Exercise Psychology, Sport Sciences and Recreation. Dr. Ersöz has served on the committees and boards of institutions and organizations such as the Basketball Federation, the Triathlon Federation, the Exercise and Sports Psychology Association, the Sports Sciences Association, and the Sports and Physical Activity Association for Women. Meltem Ince Yenilmez is an Associate Professor at the Department of Econom- ics at Izmir Democracy University who specializes in economics of gender and labour economics. She was a Visiting Researcher at the University of California, Berkeley between 2014 and 2015 and was at Georg-Universität-Gottingen during the summer school of 2015–2016. She is currently a visiting researcher at the Uni- versity of Massachusetts, Amherst, Visiting Faculty at IIM Rohtak, India and a Visiting Professor at the University of Tohoku, Japan. She is an economist focused on gender, feminist theory, discrimination and care work. She has four books published by Routledge and Palgrave, and her next book projects income equality, cyberfeminism and women’s participation in the sports market. Routledge Research in Sport Business and Management Sport and the Pandemic Perspectives on Covid-19’s Impact on the Sport Industry Edited by Paul M. Pedersen, Brody J. Ruihley and Bo Li Embedded Multi-Level Leadership in Elite Sport Edited by Svein S. Andersen, Per Øystein Hansen and Barrie Houlihan Good Governance in Sport Critical Reflections Edited by Arnout Geeraert and Frank van Eekeren Stakeholder Analysis and Sport Organisations Edited by Anna-Maria Strittmatter, Josef Fahlén and Barrie Houlihan Sport and Brexit Regulatory Challenges and Legacies Edited by Jacob Kornbeck Sport Management Education Global Perspectives and Implications for Practice Edited by Mike Rayner and Tom Webb Digital Business Models in Sport Edited by Mateusz Tomanek, Wojciech Cieśliński and Michał Polasik Sport Management, Innovation and the COVID-19 Crisis Edited by Gözde Ersöz and Meltem Ince Yenilmez For more information about this series, please visit https://www.routledge.com/ Routledge-Research-in-Sport-Business-and-Management/book-series/RRSBM Sport Management, Innovation and the COVID-19 Crisis Edited by Gözde Ersöz and Meltem Ince Yenilmez First published 2023 by Routledge 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Gözde Ersöz and Meltem Ince Yenilmez; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Gözde Ersöz and Meltem Ince Yenilmez to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Ersöz, Gözde, editor. | Yenilmez, Meltem Ince, editor. Title: Sport exercise during the covid-19 catastrophe Identifiers: LCCN 2022006791 (print) | LCCN 2022006792 (ebook) | ISBN 9781032182926 (hardback) | ISBN 9781032182933 (paperback) | ISBN 9781003253891 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Sports administration. | Sports—Health aspects. | Sports—Safety measures. | COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020- Classification: LCC GV713 .S67756 2022 (print) | LCC GV713 (ebook) | DDC 796.06/9—dc23/eng/20220408 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022006791 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022006792 ISBN: 978-1-032-18292-6 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-032-18293-3 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-25389-1 (ebk) DOI: 10.4324/9781003253891 Typeset in Goudy by codeMantra The book is dedicated to my mother, Nilgün; my father, Mehmet; my sister, Hande; and my brother, Yasin. The book is also dedicated to our many wonderful teachers and students, past and present, from whom we have drawn inspiration and learned so much. I am also grateful to my friend Meltem Ince Yenilmez, one of the editors of this book. Finally, I am indebted to the reviewers who contrib- uted suggestions and feedback to ensure that the book is a success. Gözde Ersöz Words cannot express how grateful I am to my mother, father, mother-in-law and father-in-law for all of the sacrifces that they have made on my behalf and whose love and guidance are with me in whatever I pursue. They are the ultimate role models. I wish to thank my sisters. I have no words to describe the meaning of your love and support. Most importantly, I owe my deepest gratitude to my loving and supportive husband, Özgür, and my wonderful beloved son, Bryan Poyraz who provides unending inspiration and being such a good boy always cheering me up. You are the best thing that is still happening to me. Last but not least, I am so grateful to my dear friend and colleague Gözde Ersöz whose supportive approach and encouragement have guided me throughout the process. Meltem Ince Yenilmez This book is for all the women in the world who are the foundation stone and the architect of the society. From Editors Gözde Ersöz Meltem Ince Yenilmez Contents Lists of fgures xi List of tables xiii List of contributors xv Preface xix 1 Innovation in Physical Activity and Exercise during the COVID-19 Catastrophe 1 YASIN ERSÖZ AND GÖZDE ERSÖZ 2 The Economic Impacts of Coronavirus and Innovation in Sports 23 MELTEM INCE YENILMEZ 3 Sports Communication in the COVID-19 Period 41 SELCUK BORA CAVUSOGLU AND MERVE USKUPLU 4 Live Sports Consumption: New Horizons 51 AYLIN SEÇKIN 5 COVID-19 and Youth Sports: Psychological, Developmental and Economic Impacts 61 PERO DUYGU DUMANGÖZ 6 Crisis Management in Sports Events: Solutions from the Perspective of COVID-19 81 MURAT YALÇIN BEŞIKTAŞ