‘Space, Place and Territorymakes a valuable contribution to our under- standing of the processes of urbanization. It is equally adept in describing the qualities of the built environment as it is the conceptual tools that bring about its transformation.’ Mohsen Mostafavi, Dean and Alexander and Victoria Wiley Professor of Design, Harvard Graduate School of Design, USA ‘In this book Fábio Duarte makes a novel and important contribution to the understanding of the core concepts of space, place and territory in urban studies. The core problematic USPT addresses is the distinctive uniqueness of each concept whilst simultaneously exploring the com- plex interdependencies between them. Creatively empirical analyses of sensing, mapping, conceiving and contesting the city USPT builds and populates the metaphor of the spatial matrix – a novel framework for analyzing how society is profoundly shaped by spatial features.’ Professor Simon Marvin, Director of the Urban Institute University of Sheffield, UK Space, Place and Territory Space, place and territory are concepts that lie at the core of geography and urban planning, environmental studies and sociology. Although space, place and territory are indeed polysemic and polemic, they have par ticular chara cteristics that distinguish them from each other. They are interdepende nt but not interchangeable, and the differences between them explain how we simultaneously perceive, conceive and design multiple spatialities. After drawing the conceptual framework of space, place and territory, the book initially explores how we sense space in the most visceral ways, and how the overlay of meanings attached to the sensorial characteristics of space change the way we perceive it – smell, spatial experiences using electroence phalography, and the changing meaning of darkness are dis- cussed. The book continues exploring cartographic mapping not as a final outcome, but rather as an epistemological tool, an instrument of inquiry. It follows on how particular ideas of space, place and territory are embedded in specific urban proposals, from Brasília to the Berlin Wall, airports and infiltration of digital technologies in our daily life. The book concludes by focusing on spatial practices that challenge the status quo of how we perceive and understand urban spaces, from famous artists to anonymous interventions by traceurs and hackers of urban technologies. Combining space, place and territory as distinctive but interdependent concepts into an epistemological matrix may help us to understand contemporary phenomena and live them critically. Fábio Duarte is scholar and research lead at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology – Senseable City Lab, and professor at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Curitiba, Brazil. Space, Place and Territory A Critical Review on Spatialities Fábio Duarte First published 2017 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2017 Fábio Duarte The right of Fábio Duarte to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with Sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice:Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalog reference for this book has been requested. ISBN: 978-1-472-48379-9 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-59888-8 (ebk) Typeset in Sabon by Florence Production Ltd, Stoodleigh, Devon, UK This book is dedicated to Roti Turin (in memoriam) and to Vanessa and Valentina Contents Acknowledgements xi 1 Introduction 1 2 Constructions 11 The construction of space 11 The construction of place 29 The construction of territory 44 3 The enactment of space, place and territory 63 Space/Space 64 Space/Territory 66 Territory/Territory 67 Territory/Place 71 Place/Place 74 Space/Place 75 4 Sensing the city 79 Smelling space, smell-space 80 Brain spaces: measuring brain activity in urban environments 84 Sensing the night 87 5 Mapping the city 99 6 Conceiving the city 115 Brasília: the construction of an idea 115