Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3026 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen UniversityofDortmund,Germany MadhuSudan MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,MA,USA DemetriTerzopoulos NewYorkUniversity,NY,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA MosheY.Vardi RiceUniversity,Houston,TX,USA GerhardWeikum Max-PlanckInstituteofComputerScience,Saarbruecken,Germany 3 Berlin Heidelberg NewYork HongKong London Milan Paris Tokyo C.V. Ramamoorthy RogerY. Lee Kyung Whan Lee (Eds.) Software Engineering Research and Applications First International Conference, SERA 2003 San Francisco, CA, USA, June 25-27, 2003 Selected Revised Papers 1 3 VolumeEditors C.V.Ramamoorthy UniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,ComputerScienceDepartment Berkeley,CA94720-1776,USA E-mail:[email protected] RogerLee CentralMichiganUniversity SoftwareEngineering&InformationTechnologyInstitute MountPleasant,MI48859,USA E-mail:[email protected] KyungWhanLee Chung-AngUniversity,SchoolofComputerScienceandEngineering Seoul156-756,Korea E-mail:[email protected] LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2004104592 CRSubjectClassification(1998):D.2,I.2.11,C.2.4,H.5.2-3,K.6 ISSN0302-9743 ISBN3-540-21975-7Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer-Verlag.Violationsare liabletoprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. Springer-VerlagisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia springeronline.com (cid:2)c Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2004 PrintedinGermany Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyOlgunComputergrafik Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:10999295 06/3142 543210 Foreword It was our great pleasure to extend a welcome to all who participated in SERA 2003, thefirstworld-classsInternationalConferenceonSoftwareEngineeringResearchand Applications, which was held at Crowne Plaza Union Square Hotel, San Francisco, California, USA. The conference was sponsored by the InternationalAssociation for ComputerandInformationScience(ACIS),incooperationwiththeSoftwareEngineer- ingandInformationTechnologyInstituteatCentralMichiganUniversity. This conference was aimed at discussing the wide range of problems encountered inpresentandfuturehightechnologies.Inthisconference,wehadkeynotespeechesby Dr.BarryBoehmandDr.C.V.RamamoorthyandinvitedtalksbyDr.RaymondYeh,Dr. Raymond Paul, Dr. Mehmet S¸ahinoglu, which were fruitful to all who participated in SERA2003. Wewouldliketothankthepublicitychairsandthemembersofourprogramcom- mitteesfortheirworkonthisconference.WehopethatSERA2003wasenjoyablefor allparticipants. C.V.Ramamoorthy Preface Itwasindeedourpleasuretowelcomeallofyoutothe1stACISInternationalConference onSoftwareEngineeringResearchandApplications(SERA2003),June25–27,2003, Crowne Plaza Union Square Hotel, San Francisco, California, USA. SERA 2003 fea- turedexcellenttheoreticalandpracticalcontentscontributedbytheinternationalcom- munity in the areas of formal methods and tools, requirements engineering, software processmodels,communicationsystemsandnetworks,softwarequalityandevaluation, softwareengineering,networksandmobilecomputing,parallel/distributedcomputing, component- based software development, artificial intelligence and applications, soft- waretesting,reuseandmetrics,databaseretrieval,HCI,softwarestandards,computer security,softwarearchitectures,andmodeling. Wereceived104papers(ourProgramCo-chairProf.KyungWhanLeereceived45 papersandProf.RogerLeereceived59papers)from22differentcountriesaroundthe worldforpossiblepresentationattheconference.Amongthosepapers,alargenumber were high-quality paper submissions. Three reviewers reviewed each paper.After the completionofthepeer-reviewprocess,ourInternationalProgramCommitteeselected53 papers,whichgaveabouta49%acceptancerateforpublicationintheACISconference proceedings. Of the 53 presented papers at the conference our international program committee selected 23 outstanding papers for publication in Springer’s LNCS as the post-conferenceproceedings. Wewouldliketoexpressoursincereappreciationtothefollowingpeopleforcon- tributing to the success of this conference: Dr. C.V. Ramamoorthy, conference chair; Dr.BarryBoehmandDr.C.V.Ramamoorthy,ourkeynotespeakers;Dr.RaymondYeh, Dr.RaymondPaulandDr.MehmetS¸ahinoglu,ourinvitedspeakers;thepublicitychairs andtheInternationalProgramCommitteememberswhorosebeyondthecallofduty, contributingalargepercentageoftheirtime;therefereeswhoacceptedthelast-minute requests for extra reviews; the session chairs who presided over the sessions; all the authors, attendees, and presenters who really made this conference possible and suc- cessful; Prof. Dr. Walter Dosch for his extra time and effort in communicating with Springer-Verlag about LNCS post-conference proceedings; and, finally, the editorial staffatSpringer-Verlag.Furthermore,wewouldliketoextendspecialthankstoAlfred HofmannofSpringer-Verlagwhomadethispublicationpossible. RogerY.Lee KyungWhanLee Organizing Committee ConferenceChair Prof.C.V.Ramamoorthy,ComputerScienceDepartment UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley ProgramCo-chairs Prof.RogerLee Prof.KyungWhanLee ComputerScienceDepartment ComputerEngineeringDepartment CentralMichiganUniversity(USA) Chung-AngUniv.(Seoul,Korea) PublicityCo-chairs Australia TheBalticStates&Scandinavia Dr.SebastianNg Prof.Dr.JuriVain SwinburneUniv.ofTechnology TechnicalUniv.ofTallinn Canada/Africa China Prof.SylvanusA.Ehikioya Dr.LiuJingnam Univ.ofManitoba WuhanUniversity Germany UK Prof.Dr.WalterDosch Prof.PaulGarratt Univ.ofLubeck Univ.ofSouthampton HongKong Italy Dr.Pak-LokPoon Prof.SusannaPelagatti HongKongPolytechnicUniv. Univ.ofPisa Japan Korea Dr.YoshihiroAkiyama Prof.Haeng-KonKim IBMGlobalServices-Japan CatholicUniv.ofDaegu Lebanon Russia Prof.RamziHaraty Prof.AlexandreZamulin LebaneseAmericanUniv. InstituteforInformaticsSystems, Novosibirsk SouthAmerica USA Prof.SilviaT.Acuna Prof.Chia-ChuChiang Uni.Naci.deSantiago-Argentina Univ.ofArkansas-LittleRock X OrganizingCommittee InternationalProgramCommittee DooHwanBae OhHyunKwon (KAIST,Korea) (TongmyungUniv.ofIT,Korea) JongmoonBaik EunSeokLee (MotorolaLabs,USA) (SungkyunkwanUniv.,Korea) Chia-ChuChiang JuhnyoungLee (Univ.ofArkansas-LittleRock,USA) (IBMT.J.WatsonResearchCenter,USA) ByungjuChoi XiaoqingFrankLiu (EwhaWomansUniv.,Korea) (Univ.ofMissouri-Rolla,USA) WalterDosch BrianMalloy (Univ.ofLubeck,Germany) (ClemsonUniversity,USA) SylvanusA.Ehikioya JunPark (Univ.ofManitoba,Canada) (Samsung,Korea) PaulGarratt DavidPrimeaux (Univ.ofSouthampton,UK) (VirginiaCommonwealthUniv.,USA) GongzhuHu YeongTaeSong (CentralMichiganUniv.,USA) (TowsonUniv.,USA) HaJinHwang AtsushiTogashi (CatholicUniv.ofDaegu,Korea) (ShizuokaUniversity,Japan) NaohiroIshii YoshiichiTokuda (NagoyaInstituteofTechnology,Japan) (SONYCorporation,Japan) MatjazJuric JuanTrujillo (Univ.ofMaribor,Slovenia) (Univ.ofAlicante,Spain) YanggonKim CuiZhang (TowsonUniv.,USA) (Univ.ofCalifornia-Sacramento,USA) OrganizingCommittee XI AdditionalReviewers JiriAdamek(CharlesUniversity,CzechRepublic) ThomasAhlswede(CentralMichiganUniversity,USA) GailAhn(Univ.ofNorthCarolina-Charlotte,USA) CarstenAlbrecht(UniversityofLubeck,Germany) ThomasBures(CharlesUniversity,CzechRepublic) JieDai(CentralMichiganUniversity,USA) AmirMadanyMamlouk(UniversityofLubeck,Germany) MihoOsaki(ShizuokaUniversity,Japan) PetrPlanuska(CharlesUniversity,CzechRepublic) GillesRoussel(Universite´ deMarne-la-Valle´e,France) RemziSeker(Embry-RiddleAeronauticalUniversity,USA) Chong-weiXu(KennesawStateUniversity,USA)