Social Psychology and Organizations ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT SERIES Series Editors Arthur P. Brief, University of Utah Kimberly D. Elsbach, University of California, Davis Michael Frese, National University of Singapore and University of Luneburg B. Ashforth, Role Transitions in Organizational Life: An Identity-Based Perspective (Psychology Press). C. A. Bartel, S. Blader, & A. Wrzesniewski (Eds.), Identity and the Modern Organization (Psychology Press). J. Bartunek, Organizational and Educational Change: The Life and Role of a Change Agent Group (Psychology Press). L. R. Beach (Ed.), Image Theory: Theoretical and Empirical Foundations (Routledge). J. Brett & F. Drasgow (Eds.), The Psychology of Work: Theoretically Based Empirical Research (Psychology Press). J. Brockner, A Contemporary Look at Organizational Justice: Multiplying Insult Times Injury (Routledge). J. S. Chhokar, F. C. Brodbeck, & R. J. House (Eds.), Culture and Leadership Across the World: The GLOBE Book of In-Depth Studies of 25 Societies (Psychology Press). J. M. Darley, D. M. Messick, & T. R. Tyler (Eds.), Social Influences on Ethical Behavior in Organizations (Psychology Press). D. De Cremer, J. K. Murnighan, & R. van Dick (Eds): Social Psychology and Organizations (Psychology Press). D. R. Denison (Ed.), Managing Organizational Change in Transition Economies (Psychology Press). J. E. Dutton & B. R. Ragins (Eds.), Exploring Positive Relationships at Work: Building a Theoretical and Research Foundation (Psychology Press). K. D. Elsbach, Organizational Perception Management (Lawrence Erlbaum Associates). P. C. Earley & C. B. Gibson, Multinational Work Teams: A New Perspective (Psychology Press). R. Garud & P. Karnoe (Eds.), Path Dependence and Creation (Psychology Press). M. M. Harris (Ed.), Handbook of Research in International Human Resource Management (Psychology Press). S. M. Jacoby, Employing Bureaucracy: Managers, Unions, and the Transformation of Work in the 20th Century, Revised Edition (Psychology Press). E. E. Kossek & S. J. Lambert (Eds.), Work and Life Integration: Organizational, Cultural and Individual Perspectives (Psychology Press). R. M. Kramer, A. E. Tenbrunsel, & M. H. Bazerman (Eds.), Social Decision Making: Social Dilemmas, Social Values and Ethical Judgments (Psychology Press). J. Lampel, J. Shamsie, & T. K. Lant (Eds.), The Business of Culture: Strategic Perspectives on Entertainment and Media (Lawrence Erlbaum Associates). T. K. Lant & Z. Shapira (Eds.), Organizational Cognition: Computation and Interpretation (Psychology Press). R. G. Lord & D. J. Brown, Leadership Processes and Follower Self-Identity (Psychology Press). J. D. Margolis & J. P. Walsh, People and Profits? The Search Between a Company’s Social and Financial Performance (Psychology Press). M. P. Miceli, J. P. Dworkin, & T. M. Near, Whistle-blowing in Organizations (Psychology Press). D. M. Messick & R. M. Kramer (Eds.), The Psychology of Leadership: Some New Approaches (Psychology Press). J. L. Pearce, Organization and Management in the Embrace of the Government (Psychology Press). R. S. Peterson & E. A. Mannix (Eds.), Leading and Managing People in the Dynamic Organization (Psychology Press). A. Rafaeli & M. G. Pratt (Eds.), Artifacts and Organizations: Beyond Mere Symbolism (Lawrence Erlbaum Associates). R. E. Riggio, S. E. Murphy, & F. J. Pirozzolo (Eds.), Multiple Intelligences and Leadership (Psychology Press). L. M. Roberts & J. E. Dutton (Eds): Exploring Positive Identities and Organizations: Building a Theoretical and Research Foundation (Psychology Press). B. Schneider & D. B. Smith (Eds.), Personality and Organizations (Psychology Press). D. B. Smith (Ed.), The People Make the Place: Dynamic Linkages Between Individuals and Organizations (Psychology Press). H.-S. Choi & L. L. Thompson (Eds.), Creativity and Innovation in Organizational Teams (Lawrence Erlbaum Associates). J. M. Thompson, L. L. Levine, & D. M. Messick (Eds.), Shared Cognition in Organizations: The Management of Knowledge (Psychology Press). Social Psychology and Organizations David De Cremer Erasmus University Rolf van Dick Goethe University J. Keith Murnighan Northwestern University Routledge Routledge Taylor & Francis Group Taylor & Francis Group 270 Madison Avenue 27 Church Road New York, NY 10016 Hove, East Sussex BN3 2FA © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2011. To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk. International Standard Book Number: 978-1-84872-856-1 (Hardback) For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www. copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organiza- tion that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Social psychology and organizations / editors, David De Cremer, Rolf van Dick, J. Keith Murnighan. p. cm. -- (Organization and management series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-84872-856-1 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Social psychology. 2. Control (Psychology) 3. Leadership. 4. Organizational behavior. I. De Cremer, David. II. Van Dick, Rolf. III. Murnighan, John Keith. HM1033.S643 2010 303.3’4--dc22 2010025159 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the Psychology Press Web site at http://www.psypress.com ISBN 0-203-84695-8 Master e-book ISBN We dedicate this book to My buddies Alain, Dirk, and Jeroen, who helped me return to my roots while working on this book. (DDC) My wife, Steffi, and my children, Jan, Lucia, and Lennart. Every minute spent on this book was one not spent with you—but every minute spent with you is inspiration for the next book! (RVD) My children, Jack, Erik, Kate, Annie, and Will, who have all given me great insights into social psychology and who have, with love, made sure that I was more attuned to organization. (KM) Contents Series Foreword ....................................................................................xix Art Brief, Kim Elsbach, and Michael Frese About the Editors ................................................................................xxi About the Contributors .....................................................................xxiii SECTION I Introduction Chapter 1 On Social Beings and Organizational Animals: A Social Psychological Approach to Organizations ............3 David De Cremer, Rolf van Dick, and J. Keith Murnighan Social Psychology and Organizations: Understanding Work Life ......................................................................................4 Social/Organizational Research Themes ..................................6 Outline of the Book .....................................................................7 Section II ..................................................................................7 Section III ................................................................................9 Section IV ..............................................................................10 References ...................................................................................12 SECTION II Leadership, Power, and Social Influence Chapter 2 Power: A Central Force Governing Psychological, Social, and Organizational Life .......................................17 Adam D. Galinsky, Diana Rus, and Joris Lammers Power Affects Social Attentiveness .........................................19 Power Reduces Perspective Taking, Compassion, and Conformity ...................................................................20 Power Increases Instrumental Attention ..........................22 Power Makes the Person ...........................................................24 Power Increases Assertive Action ......................................24 Power Increases Optimism and Risk Taking ........................25 ix