Social, Psychological, and Forensic Perspectives on Sexual Abuse Rejani Thudalikunnil Gopalan Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, India A volume in the Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies (APMHBS) Book Series Published in the United States of America by IGI Global Information Science Reference (an imprint of IGI Global) 701 E. Chocolate Avenue Hershey PA, USA 17033 Tel: 717-533-8845 Fax: 717-533-8661 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: http://www.igi-global.com Copyright © 2018 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or distributed in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without written permission from the publisher. Product or company names used in this set are for identification purposes only. Inclusion of the names of the products or companies does not indicate a claim of ownership by IGI Global of the trademark or registered trademark. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Gopalan, Rejani Thudalikunnil, 1974- editor. Title: Social, psychological, and forensic perspectives on sexual abuse / Rejani Thudalikunnil Gopalan, editor. Description: Hershey : Information Science Reference, [2018] Identifiers: LCCN 2017024207| ISBN 9781522539582 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781522539599 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Child sexual abuse. Classification: LCC HV6570 .H36 2018 | DDC 362.76--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017024207 This book is published in the IGI Global book series Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies (APMHBS) (ISSN: 2475-6660; eISSN: 2475-6679) British Cataloguing in Publication Data A Cataloguing in Publication record for this book is available from the British Library. All work contributed to this book is new, previously-unpublished material. The views expressed in this book are those of the authors, but not necessarily of the publisher. 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General Hospital, India BhasiSukumaran,Sweekar Academy of Rehabilitation Sciences, India PradipVaghasiya,Gujarat Institute of Psychological Sciences and Research, India List of Reviewers AmritaArvind,Maharaja Sayajiarao University, India TejaswiniBhave,Gujarat Forensic Science University, India SandamitaChoudhury,Institute of Positive Mental Health and Research, India SumitaChowhan,Jain University, India DorothyDeka,S. M. Hospital, India SanyaDimpy,Soomdelhi, India SnigdhaGhosh,Department of Social Welfare, India MansiJadeja,The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, India AmbikaKathju,Gujarat Forensic Science University, India AlvisKeisham,Gujarat Forensic Science University, India HimanshiKhanna,Gujarat Forensic Science University, India TanayMaiti,Mental Health Center CMC Vellore, India BhavnaMukund,Amity University, India AshwiniDeshpandeNagarhalli,Little Pods, India VishalkumarParmar,Gujarat Forensic Science University, India AnushkaPatara,Vox Populi Research, India GirijaPatwardhan,Gujarat Forensic Science University, India   JuiPimple,Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, India KunzzesSabchak,Janakpuri Super Specialty Hospital, India PragyaShah,Gujarat Forensic Science University, India RajeshJaySharma,Sunrise Behavioural Health Pty Ltd, Australia ShubhamThukral,Gujarat Forensic Science University, India SagarAmrutbhaiVankar,Gujarat Forensic Science University, India Table of Contents Preface.................................................................................................................................................xvi Chapter 1 InfluenceofConcept,Definitions,AssessmentsMethods,andSourcesofDataonPrevalenceof SexualAbuse...........................................................................................................................................1 Rejani Thudalikunnil Gopalan, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, India Chapter 2 EtiologicalFactorsandTheoriesofSexualAbuse...............................................................................13 Bhavna Mukund, Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences, India Bijoy Kumar Dehuri, Independent Researcher, India Chapter 3 ExploringtheLinkBetweenCrueltytoAnimalsandViolenceAgainstPeople:ViolenceAgainst PeopleandAnimals–Evidence...........................................................................................................26 Milica Boskovic, University of Belgrade, Serbia Nenad Putnik, University of Belgrade, Serbia Brankica Jankovic, University of Belgrade, Serbia Chapter 4 CausesofSexualAbuse:Psycho-SocialFactorsofSexualOffenceandPsychologicalTheoriesof SexualAbuse.........................................................................................................................................42 Steffi Elizabeth Behanan, Cadabams Hospital, India Manik Bhadkamkar, INHS Asvini, India Chapter 5 GeneralViewforInvestigativeInterviewingofChildren:InvestigativeInterviewing.........................54 Elif Gökçearslan Çifci, Ankara University, Turkey Huseyin Batman, Ankara University, Turkey Chapter 6 ForensicPsychiatricAnalysisofJuvenileDelinquencyandSexualAbusePerspective......................70 Claude R. Shema, Cardiff University, UK   Chapter 7 SexualViolence....................................................................................................................................86 Ruchi Trivedi, Goenka and Associates Educational Trust, India Chapter 8 ChildhoodSexualAbuseandViolence.................................................................................................97 Jyoti Mishra Pandey, GMCH-32, India Abhishek Pandey, Command Hospital, India Preeti Mishra, SMI Medical College and Hospital, India Chapter 9 SexualAbuseAmongAdolescents:ItsConsequencesandTherapeuticInterventions......................116 Ankita Kakati, MIND India, India Sangeeta Goswami, MIND India, India Chapter 10 ChildhoodSexualAbuse:PreventionandIntervention......................................................................127 Dorothy Bhandari Deka, S. M. Hospital and Diagnostic Centre, India Mansi Jadeja, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, India Chapter 11 BeingaChildIsa“SeriousGame”:InnovationsinPsychologicalPreventiveProgramsAgainst ChildSexualAbuse.............................................................................................................................147 Valentina Manna, Association for Social Promotion Roots in Action, Italy Oscar Pisanti, Association for Social Promotion Roots in Action, Italy Chapter 12 ChildSexualAbuse:EvaluatingtheSchool-BasedPreventionProgramsinIndia............................166 Aneesh Kumar P., Christ University, India Bhagyalakshmi K. C., Christ University, India Jennifer M. Foster, Western Michigan University, USA Chapter 13 SexualAbuseAmongIndividualsWithDisabilities..........................................................................179 Sandamita Choudhury, MIND India, India Sangeeta Goswami, MIND India, India Chapter 14 SexualAbuseofChildrenandAdultsWithIntellectualDisabilities:Preventive,Supportive,and InterventionStrategiesforClinicalPractice.......................................................................................197 Sanjeev Kumar Gupta, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, India  Chapter 15 ElderAbuseandConsentCapacity:OurCollectiveNemesis?..........................................................207 Vaitsa Giannouli, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece Chapter 16 UnveilingtheConceptsofSexualAbuseAmongBoys......................................................................222 Snigdha Ghosh, Department of Social Welfare, India Chapter 17 ChildSexualAbuse:Intra-andExtra-FamilialRiskFactors,Reactions,andInterventions..............229 Shubham Thukral, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, India Tania Debra Rodriguez, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, India Chapter 18 InterventionsforSexualAbuse...........................................................................................................259 Prathibha Augustus Kurishinkal, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, India Chapter 19 AnUpdateonTheoriesandTreatmentofSexOffenders...................................................................284 Rejani Thudalikunnil Gopalan, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, India Amrita Arvind, Maharaja Sayajirao University, India Compilation of References...............................................................................................................299 About the Contributors....................................................................................................................364 Index...................................................................................................................................................371 Detailed Table of Contents Preface.................................................................................................................................................xvi Chapter 1 InfluenceofConcept,Definitions,AssessmentsMethods,andSourcesofDataonPrevalenceof SexualAbuse...........................................................................................................................................1 Rejani Thudalikunnil Gopalan, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, India Thefocusofthischapteristoexaminehowtheconceptualdifferencesinfluencethedefinitionand prevalenceofsexualabuseamongchildren,adolescenceandadults.Attemptingtounderstandmeasures, sourcesofdataandspecialgroupsinfluencesonprevalenceratesisachallenge.Itwasobservedthatthe prevalenceofsexualabusevariesaccordingtothetypeofconceptanddefinitions,legalcriteria,method ofdatacollection,likeinterviewmethods,questionnaires,orselfreports,andthesourceofdatasuch asgeneralpopulationorspecificgroupssuchasprisoners,andindividualswithdisabilitiesareusedfor thestudy.Insomestudies,theratesareexaggeratedbecauseofthedefinitions.Thechapterconcludes thatisimportanttoevaluateprevalencestudiesofsexualabuseondifferentdimensionsandcriteriato makefinalconclusions. Chapter 2 EtiologicalFactorsandTheoriesofSexualAbuse...............................................................................13 Bhavna Mukund, Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences, India Bijoy Kumar Dehuri, Independent Researcher, India Thischapterdescribeshowsexualabusecouldbesimplyputasanunwantedsexualactivity,withthe perpetratorsusingforceand/ormakingthreatsortakingadvantageinabilityofvictimstogiveconsent. Sexualabuseisanextremelycommonandveryseriousproblemaffectingmillionsofpeopleeachyear allovertheworld,butunfortunatelyinmostcountriestherehasbeenverylittleresearchconductedonthe problem.Rationallyspeaking,topreventorstopsocialevilslikesexualabuse,thescientificmethodwould bearguablyoneofthemostpowerfulmethodologyincriticalthinkingandtowardsthis,understanding causesofsexualabuseisextremelyimportant.Inthisbackdrop,thischapteraddressesvariouspsycho socialfactors,environmentalfactorsandtheoriesofsexualabusetounderstandandappreciatethecauses ofsexualabuse.Thisconcludesthatwiththisaidindevelopingappropriatelegalandpolicyreformsand interventionsthatwouldworkonstrategytopreventsexualabusesinthesociety.