UJF NATO ASI Les Houches Session LXXVII 2002 Slow relaxations and nonequilibrium dynamics in condensed matter Relaxations lentes et dynamiques hors d’équilibre en physique de la matière condensée Conférenciers Armand Ajdari Jean-Philippe Bouchaud Bernard Cabane Michael Cates Sergio Ciliberto Letitia Cugliandolo Alexei Finkelstein Daniel Fisher Walter Kob Miguel Ocio Zvi Ovadyahu Giorgio Parisi Zoltan Racz David Wales ÉCOLE D’ÉTÉ DE PHYSIQUE DES HOUCHES SESSION LXXVII, 1-26 JULY 2002 NATO ADVANCED STUDY INSTITUTE EURO SUMMER SCHOOL ÉCOLE THÉMATIQUE DU CNRS SLOW RELAXATIONS AND NONEQUILIBRIUM DYNAMICS IN CONDENSED MATTER RELAXATIONS LENTES ET DYNAMIQUES HORS D’ÉQUILIBRE EN PHYSIQUE DE LA MATIÈRE CONDENSÉE Edited by Jean-Louis Barrat, Mikhail Feigelman, Jorge Kurchan and Jean Dalibard Springer Les Ulis, Paris, Cambridge Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Hong Kong, London, Milan, Paris, Tokyo Published in cooperation with the NATO Scientific Affair Division ISSN 0924-8099 print edition ISSN 1610-3459 online edition ISBN 3-540-40141-5 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN 2-86883-685-2 EDP Sciences Les Ulis This work is subject to copyright. 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Violations fall under the prosecution act of the French and German Copyright Laws. © EDP Sciences; Springer-Verlag 2003 Printed in France ÉCOLE DE PHYSIQUE DES HOUCHES Service inter-universitaire commun à l’Université Joseph Fourier de Grenoble et à l’Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble Subventionné par le Ministère de la Jeunesse, de l’Éducation Nationale et de la Recherche, le Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique Membres du conseil d’administration : Yannick Vallée (président), Paul Jacquet (vice-président), Claude Bertout, Mauricette Dupois, Cécile DeWitt, Alain Falvard, Bertrand Fourcade, Luc Frappat, Jean-François Joanny, Michèle Leduc, Jean-Yves Marzin, Giorgio Parisi, Eva Pebay-Peyroula, Michel Peyrard, Jean-Paul Poirier, Michel Schlenker, François Weiss, Michel Wilson, Jean Zinn-Justin Directeur : Jean Dalibard (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, France) Directeurs scientifiques de la session LXXVII : Jean-Louis Barrat (Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France) Mikhail Feigelman (Landau Institute, Moscow, Russia) Jorge Kurchan (ESPCI, Paris, France) Lecturers Armand Ajdari, Physico-Chimie Théorique, ESPCI, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France Jean-Philippe Bouchaud, CEA Saclay, L’orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France Bernard Cabane, Laboratoire PMMH, ESPCI, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France Michael Cates, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, JCMB Kings Buildings, Mayfield road, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, UK Sergio Ciliberto, Laboratoire de Physique, ENS, 46 allée d’Italie, 69007 Lyon, France Letitia Cugliandolo, LPTHE, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France Alexei Finkelstein, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Protein Research, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia Daniel Fisher, Physics Department, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Str., Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A. Walter Kob, Laboratoire des Verres, Case 69, Université Montpellier II, place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France Miguel Ocio, DSM, Service de Physique de l’État Condensé, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France Zvi Ovadyahu, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel Giorgio Parisi, Dipartimento di Fisica , Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy Zoltan Racz, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Eötvös University, Pazamany Peter Setenay 1/a, 1117 Budapest, Hungary David Wales, University Chemical Laboratories, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK Participants Achod Aradian, Physique de la Matière Condensée, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France Chiara Baggio, Lorenz Instituut, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, P.O. Box 9506, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands Ludovic Berthier, Theoretical Physics, 1 Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3NP, U.K. Éric Bertin, DSM/DRECAM/SPEC, Orme des Merisiers, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France Giulio Biroli, SPHT CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France Viktoria Blavatska, Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, 1 Svientsitskii Str., Lviv 79011, Ukraine Simon Bogner, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicherstr. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany Heidi Bond, Chandler Group, Chemistry Dept., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A. Nikolai Chtchelkatchev, Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kosygina Str. 2, 117940, Moscow, Russia Stefano Ciliberti, Physics Deptartment, University of Roma “La Sapienza”, P.Le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy Miriam Clincy, Deptartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, U.K. Alvise De Col, Theoretische Physik, ETH-Hönggerberg, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland Iryna Demyanchyuk, Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Glushkova 6, 312 Room, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine Daniel Dominguez, Centro Atomico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo 9500, 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina Maxym Dudka, Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, 1 Svientsitskii Str., Lviv UA-79011, Ukraine x Cristian Giardina, Dipartimento di Matematica, Piazza di Porta S.Donato 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy Nadejda Gribova, Institute for High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Science, 142092 Troitsk, Moscow Region, Russia Tomas Grigera, Gruppo VIM, Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Roma “La Sapienza” P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy Arsen Grigoryan, Department of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Yerevan State University, 1 Al. Manoogian St., 375025 Yerevan, Armenia Jonathan Hatchett, King’s College, University of London, The Strand, London WC 2R 2LS, U.K. Colin Holmes, Room 4306, JCMB, King’s Building, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH8 3JZ, U.K. Adilet Imambekov, L.D. Landau Institute of Theoretical Physics, Kosygina 2, 117334 Moscow, Russia Toby Joseph, Condensed Matter Theory Group, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Sciences, Bangalore 560012, India Eytan Katzav, School of Physics & Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel Kang Kim, Department of Applied Mathematics and Physics, Graduate School of Imformatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan Michal Kolar, Fyzikalni Ustav AV CR, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Praha, Czech Republic Alejandro Kolton, Centro Atomico Bariloche, Bustillo 9500, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina Jérôme Koopmann, Theoretische Physik, ETH-Hönggerberg, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland Florent Krzakala, LPTMS, bâtiment 100, Université Paris-Sud, 91406 Orsay, France Andrei Lebedev, L.D. Landau Institute of Theoretical Physics, Kosygina 2, Moscow 117334, Russia Alexandre Lefevre, Laboratoire de Physique Quantique, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 4, France Miki Matsuo, Sasa Laboratory, Graduate School of Arts and Science, University of Tokyo, Komaba, 3-8-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan