ESTABLISHED IN 1973 Vol. XIX 1991 No. 4 CONTENTS 1. SAVES IND-HSAVE SINDHNIA TION MOHAMMAD IBRAHIJMO YO 2. BANANAE PIDEMIICN S IND-H IMPORTEDD ISEASE OR DELIBERATSEA BOTAGE M.H .P ANHWAR 3. ADDRESSA T THEF UNERALO F PROFESSORD R.T OIVO PIHKANEN BY SAYIDG HULAM MUSTAFAS HAH 4. PRESSA ND TERRORIS-M EDITORIALS PRINTEBDU TU NPUBLISHEADN D UNREAD, INTELLECTUAASLP HYXIATION STARR EPORT 5. PRECISIONISR ONY SYEDAA ISHAJ AVERY 6. NATIONAELD UCATIOCNO NFERENCE-1989M ARCH SAYIDG HULAMM USTAFAS HAH 7. TRAGEDYO F INDO-PAKISTWAANT ERSA NDT HE ROBBERYO F INDUSW ATERS-SOME IMPORTANT DOCUMENTS SAYIDG HULAM MUSTAFAS HAH 8. THEG REATA RTE DUCATIODNE BATE· MARGARETM OORMAN 9. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: A) A MINISTESRL IPOSR LIES-F:. A LI-K ARACHI B) THEI RONG ATESO F KARACHI - A.R EHMAN- HYDERABAD C) MAD ARABS HAIKH-SA . REHMAN- HYDERABAD D) KASHMIRA GAIN -AR.E HMAN- HYDERABAD E) SINDHO NE MILLIOYNE ARSA GO - GOHARA LIS HEIKH-H YDERABAD. PAKISTAN'S ONLY INDEPENDENT ENGLISH JOURNAL OF STAND.ARD AND SCHOLARSHIP. CopyrigNhott e:M aterial Pubilni SsihneddhQ uarterly mayn otb er eproduwcietdh opuetr missailolni, n quiries to bea ddressteotd h eE ditors· . CONTRIBUTORS IN THIS ISSUE: M.H. Panhwar is an engineer by profession with great interest in agriculture, water resources, history, archaeology and anthro­ pology. Star Edito;ials Margaret Moorman is ·a teacher in California, United States. Edtio ra ndP ublisher SAY IDG HULAMM USTA FA SHAH AssistEaantito rs MOHAMMEDI j3RAHI]M O YO MRS.M OEENAH IDAAYT ALLAH Address: SINDHQ UART·l;:RLY . 36-DK,a rachAdim niistratCiooopne ratiflvoeu s?gi SocietOyf,fS hahid-e-M�iolaldaK,ta rachi-8 • . . SindhP,a kistan. Printaetd: WAHIDA RT PRINTINPGR ESS 23,H ameedM anziA!k,b aRro adR,a .tTaanl aoK,a rachi. SUBSCRIPTIROANT E · PakistSainn:g CloeJ? yR s.35 /- Annu��iu bscripRtsi.1o3 0n/- 0verseas: CSoipnY.gD loel la10r (sU .S.} 8 Pound(Us. K.} AnnuaSlu bscrip3t6 iDoonl la(Ur.sS. } 30 Pound(Us. K.} IncludPionsgt abgyeA ir ESTABLISHED IN 1973 Vol. XIX 1991 No. 4 CONTENTS 1. SAVE SINDH-SAVE SINDHI NATION MOHAMMAD IBRAHIM JOYO IT _. - i I 2. BANANA EPIDEMIC IN SINDH·-::1MPORTED DISEASE . OR DELIBERATE SABOTAGE M. H, PANHWAR � � ' 3'. AJ DDRES-.S'. AT T� Hfl E FU(N ERAL O) 1"F PROFESSOR DR. TOIVO Plt-JKANE� _, BY SAVIO GHULAM MUSTAFA SHAH 4.· PRESS AND TERRORISM -EDITORIALS l?R!NTED sur· U�PUB�ISHED AND UNREAD, '') INTELLECTUAL ASPHYXIATION . STAR REPORT 5. PR.ECISIONS IRONY SYEDA AISHA JAVERY NATIONAL EDUCATION CONFERENCE-1989 MARCH 6. SAVIO GHULAM MUSTAFA SHAH 7. TRAGEDY PF INDO:PAKISTAN WATERS AND THE ROBBERY OF INDUS WATERS-SOME IMPORTANT DOCUMENTS . SAVIO GHULAM MUSTAFA SHAH 'Ii 8. THE GREATARTEDUCATION DEB'ATE MARGARET MOORMAN ,._t 9, {,ElTERS TO THE �DITOR: - A). A MINl�TJ:R SLIPS 013 LIES-F. ALI -KARACHI· B) THEJRON GATES OF KARACHI "::-A. Rl;:HMAN -HYDERABAD C), MAD ARAB SHAIKHS -A� REHMAN -HYDERABAD -D) KASHMIR hGAIN ..,.-A. REHMAN -HYDERABAD· E) SJNDi-J QNE MllJJON YEARS AGO ..-GO HAR AU SHEIKH' -HYDERABAD, PAKISTAN'S ONLY INDEPENDENT ENGLISH JOURNAL OF STANDARD AND SCHOLARSHIP. This was a moment of ecstasy and dfi�is!..;SWegha'd�swayed her A �A lissom fornl: towards him- g ��A�'P�Y� �r����t�; ��Rpen�td his arms and gnpped her �µd�s.ne-l.\(1;1��1!v� .��t,e��L��: fran�e.1 He almost broke her ribs as he crushed her.:sknder1figure·against·hjs own iron frame and kissed her eyes her mouth, her throat and her hair. He was mad at· that mcfmeflt,-mad -w'.i1Rf Ptfi)t8iJS" 1-it[sAtfftct'8;qthat bSpell Possession C!fp�3roviiip e2y15f'�,,16J Lj)iQ1�6rt{Jfo� ciiegfi They stood engulfed m' - th· e. wh1' rlw'm. d �o·t fI P.nf�u:Tm(r{aGn� I\p·a J,sA�:.l.J,C? I Jli. � J8 �. I 7llfi� ental and intense, the strongest force the world has known, since the scales · fell off eyes· of the first man and the fitst�woinan1;Jli1llre1days:when the fig 'leaf covered the require�eIJ.tsf01conventionalifyC; . SrhlAell ·'.w 1�a:;s1:' m. - -e..:-x·t. re·.-m.-�-li)'<;- 1..q �t� £1f>0.S�11J/!J.1,;JQuITUJT�I1 Jt/�·c'.'lo'.)f; ,rp�_�.� s1. on. She displayed her beautiful eyes lachymore and calm, she let her head incline towards-'liim':1I=I.er boayracguiescent, ¥.nooacot:rwann colour had dy-edf�ailhtH�lo&lf2��f?Tife{:�ft 1fr�b'at' 1k$afitr 0'6s�fh�4f�r lips were parted, her breast rose and fell., tumultuqusly.?:. -rI·t.i; :s:leMemI IXed1 ";le very nerve m• that lovfiguere lwasy cra ,,v<:m;:;" 1'\g"1 Ato I GrUethu rnllr, i't o hrt!v>m .\.J I1 tr P.1s.G finally the body which triumphed:.":-:....: hen1e:y�es1c.\¥aiv.ed; 1a11.dr�all�d in ��umb eloquence "come and take me." 1'1AMFl:J·:�·r•l • .�fli\;-•) ·: " · She was petrfldeyresc sea?even ;thHtign �he�clothes looked simplicity lftsgir: ·:Eifeijtlittrg��hw�ith� he�r :?M����1jW·(iMrinq�y ��1�)a���gSf.�l>,U�l!fn���afe beauty. The artist who llad had some . sleeBl��s,,:J,Ijgpt_s.;,.aRd.;vy.(}!; Jrojh_Q.��.cJ;A�c.f.Q.pJ ihe!i,��9.il�.9 looked so simple ....f!.tev:en:a11steredt·,:w.as1th�veny:\per_ fectioneof good taste - she looked so swee��et--·so ·proudJ.antt3so: feminine? Hers was brilliant and comafaiifilng histidity�� I.it 1.1\� i' · 1 SINDH.QUARTERL Y SAVE SINDH , SAVE THE SINDHI NATION Mohammed Ibrahim Joyo The fand of Sindh through the ages is a 'known part of mother­ earth, and is, therefore, geographical reality. The Sindhi people, taking their name and that of their language from this ancient land, and livfog there all along.in majority, are a member'Of the fraternity of peoples ;similarly placed elsewhere on earth, and are, therefore, just as those ·others, a national and.historical reality. Every other group of people - ethnic, religious or any - have to accept and live in reconciliation with their minority status in Sindh, even as similar minority groups do in other countries throughout the wc)i:ld, tenjoying, of course, therr basic right to equal citizenship and full ·protection of their cultural rights. ' I' The Ail-India Muslim League's Paki.sfap.'R.esolutron of March . 1940, later made a part of the League's Constitution; and ihe Quaid­ e-Azam's August 11, 1947 inaugural address ·10 t�e .Pakistan: Constituent Assembly, re-defining 'nation'" and 'nationalism' in ; secular terms, and lils. clear pronouncements\ and most solemn''. assurances on the. place and statu's, particularly of the Hindu anq Muslim' minorities .irt t�e two post:..partition "countries" of the· fodian sub':.continent, specjfically recognized a�.c! e9nfirmed the p abqve.stated osition of autonomy and sovereignty of t�e ,Sindhi people as also of the other constituent peoples in their traditional homeland� in P�stan. ,Indeed, as regards this 9asic position of autonomy and sovereignty in the conceived political set-up vis-a-vis the component territories and their: peoples in Pakistan, there were and could never be any two opinions: ,,, And wl�at splendid vistas, indeed, of p&ace-, -harmony ana 1 prosperity, and also of the best possible ne!ghbourliness, could have opened up before peoples..lhus., freed from the prison'-house ·of n�ti�ns· that the British Indian Empire had latterly ,grown into, had SINDH QUARTERLY 2 that position of promised autoqomy and sovereignty been afforded to peoples in Pakistan, and also, in the rest pQhe sub-continent as was very much validly called for there too! But that, sofuehow, was not to be to start with, with the resul.t that bnth the countries have had to face a highly determined, almost an endemic, national upsurge of their· peoples, which so gravely threatens tod•tY their stability and eyen very existence as states., , I � The Britjsh' intruderL- merchah�t, soldier- and priest 011 - · arrival. on the Indian sub-fOnt1 inent found 'it br?ken intq ,piece:s a§ always happens when empires break :and religions putrefy. , , � Tne sub-continent of India, with vast .territories· "'ana bewildering variety of colour fllld cree.d, language and cuJture, could� from the start, hold together as one,, �mly as an Empi�e l;'he, . • Maurya Empire (about 320-184 B.C.), to great part of the sub­ a continent, associated with the .names of Chandragupta and Ash0ka, the _great, was one. such Empire. The Gupta Empire (abopt A.D. 320-500), linked with the name of VJkramaditya and .other& <;>( his great dynasty, was the second such Empire. And th� Mugha� Empire. (in greater part of the period.A.D. 152p-�857) was the third · one of the kind. Th� Britons arriving at. the �cene in thy)8th century,, with all the vigour and self-confidence of.national renewal attained through the fir�t ev�r industrial r.evo. lutiQn ofEqrope, �et out emulating their immediate predecessqrs, the. MQghuls,. in buiJding the empire for th�mselves,· and su. c.c;�eded in. their tas� to a degree f� _great�r than any previously, attained. As modern people and pragmatic administrators: ,tbe, British Imperial rulers floated po�itical organizatio_!'ls among various strata. of their subject' P.eople in India; to serve as shock.-ab,sorb�rs, .tr�cers and even as tools of execution of their political policies and programmes. The Indian National Congress was p�rh�ps, the first sucl} organization, followed some years later by the All-Inc:Ua .Muslim League. Operating aga!nst the paporama o[an Empire -· so vast yet so monofithic and �ompact - ihese oi'g�nizatiops,. in p time, started dreaming of their own political e� 'ires, a�d lo<;:>king, 3 enon in�its own."w·ay-;0"upon th� mitional question. in-•Iiltfra with a 'totalitarian' eye. For the Congress· it w.as the ·question of 'Ind!_an�,' andJor the Muslim League that of 'Muslim' ·nation. Tirey-failed to see.that, by_ their time, in the/'little1Europe1' .as Napoleon Bonapa:rte' had called India while dreaming oL playing th·e· role· of ,.ff rev.olutionary Alexander in the East .(as he thought he had done in rop :n1 �h�n Eu e), �the�· 9at�bn's. ore �eal, th�1 h ,sh and blooa one�: the1 � m�r� nebular Indian �d-.Muslim natio.ns,_ had come up on the scene � demanding freedom) and deserving re ogriition. Both the Copgi:ess add .League, Ji9wyver, in this respect toq, were not th,at 1JPµ¢n__, . ignorant �ither. _,,-�Part ��oip t9e !eader�pip 6f�Cbmmu:n'ist:party �6.f In9ia who, ttying i9 soµn� more palatable, shouted ad-infinitum �he wo.rd� '.nationalities'* 'patfon'alities'., Maulana Ob�idqlfah SinQhi', 'having; � ��,sply returned from hi$" de�ply �Q.etrating travyls in th,e '.�o�i7t Union.and �is yea:s.of exil.� Jn tlie }lighly,nation_-rr1in�ecJ.$audi­ Arabia, called the peoples� 9f, fodia - the .Bengaljs, ·aujratis;, � � peharis,, I(ashmirjs,,,Tamils, Pun1�b'is� Fukhtoons, Bafochee� h Sindhis etc., a�-ful fledged nations: Qua. id-'i-A�a.m bimself:"9ame. ,yecy near to recogqiZi�g tJie· reality of natiqnsJ� �he �u�-.!;oilijn��tf when he addressed 'the famous March 1940 sessfon of .Alf..:.. India f\l<. J ul slim .Ll �e a•g ue �Lta hore. In his pr�sidential astdr�� ss, f�(eL rrinI g to.. • "the most leading state�men o( Great Brit�in 'havi.ng .a_sseited and · �xpry�sed. a-hotpheat th pe.as sage of, tjme will hl!rmon�s�. �ti� • inconsistent elemeinn Itndsia 11; he.1�aid: ;"Wbat- the uJ1i\ah �g ovepi,, ment q( Jn\ dfoira, ly?e�Os had.', fa,i l�d, t! o� ..j iii.a � c�l )l 1..� vtf�an_riqt))x . realized b,y thimep "' osition-of;, a Central 'Federil Goyern...,, merit'. Itls �i n1 co�ceiv�1 ble tha�ht� f• i, ao.r.t' l}t "1e ·• )Y.�� �if. ;at,g• ,c>; v• e• i;mpep,s.q� t . pohstituted qan .ever pommaryd a. )Villaindµ Jgoy .�1 'obediei;ice fhroughour the sub-contiQent by i?qdou� ,rzµtionr;zliti�� excep_t ·by means of armed force Behind it.: .... :. ......... 'The problfn eInmdia is not of an inter-.commtt"JZ al character bq",.t mariifestly of, ,an, inter .. {!� •a t•feq.J ntrzl o,n� et, andt' n• :� mI �st..- �• �� f�. i:e�•t• rd as.-. s.uchl .7-� .-r11 ' ·;···�Jl (.,lf� t�I yI. :J?n• t�•1 �� Dovernmaeren retall y earnest and smcere tose cure p.eace .and m µ Q q �happiness of the people�of tffe ;s b-C !}tinefff, t,Oh�e!'q,oyu r se: p�ri. � �� to us. all ik)to allow the major l)a�{o(is .separ te �hoµJ�lands. ' dividing India into autonomous natidn'al stales:" · � � 3 SINDH QUARTERLY 4 The ·Pakistan Resolution adopted by the All-India Muslim. League session, the next day, which stipulated the retention and enjoyment 'Of autonomous and sovereign ·Status by the constituent units of the two states in Pakistan,. reflected these definite, wise and truthful views. of Mr. Jinnah. � I� his fiext presid�nti'al address to die All-India· Muslim League session at Madras ih April 1941, Quaid�i-Azam made his concept of the national question in ·India even clearer. Framing'the qµestio� to the huge audience of over 100,000 persons: "Can such a s}rste1n (of one central government in India) ever work or succeed when you have two different nations - indeed more than two totally difef rent na#ons -in this sub-continent?" he said: "In this land of yours (meanivg the Madras �rovince), there is �nother rtation, the Dravidians. This land is really Drav.idastao:. .. The .Only way for you is to come into your own, live your Qwh life according to your own culrure and according to your own lang,uage - thank God that Hindi did not go very far here-and your.own history is ·to go ahea.d with your ideal. I have every sympathy for you and I shall do all I caq to supJ,Jort you to establish Dravidastan. The seven . percent of Mus!ims wfll stretcl! their hand of friendship to you and . live with you. on 'lines Qf equality, justice.and fairplay ... " (While. at this, one could '·almost feel tempted 'to ask the question: Did not the case ofDravidasfan as pleaded here by Mr. Jinnah, apply exa· ctly to: .the �a�e of Sindti vis-a-vis Pakistan a,s proposed - only substituting the Muslim minority in Dravidastan by the Hindu minority in Siildh? Tbe only point of depart�re or differel}ce' from the. similitude of two cases that comes to the mind is that .Sirtdh, as a nation, was. being offered autonomous and sovereign status i� Pakistan, while the fate of Dravidastan was not then so definite in the Indian Union - but there too when time for Dravidian peopie' came they probably got,by far a better deal!). 'At the' end c;>f June,,1947,. only one and a half months prior to the birth· of Pakistan, a question was placed before th� Legislative Assembly of Sindh, under Britisq Government Plan for the final transfer o(power �o the peoples oflndia: "Whether the Constitution � ·.of the future· state of Sindh sho l be fr� ed. � � SINOR QlJAR'faJ.U.. Y: (�) In fhe (then) ef(ist\ng €Hindustan)' ·C�m.stinuional Assembly,, . �- or--(b) lo 'a new and separate.· (Pakistsm), CoPstinHiQoal: Assembly. · ,., ' · _ . . " 7 • � And the then Legislapve Ass.embly of Sindb fonnally-opt�d J , for the second alterQative.. , , , . " . � · On· that occasion, I had;ad.... �d res¥s ed- ,.-a-\ n o..,p eft� n -lett�t, d•a ted.. Jlu ne 2-S,1' 1947, to the Sindh Assembly members, and aO:idng other-.things, had conveyed them my sentiments thus: ' · 1 ' " .... Hi�torically, we .the .people of SiQdh will be withln our righ'ts if w� now resumed our sovereign status antl independe�t existence as a people, which we" lost to the British Power, only · .about 100 years ago:...... · - - r - -� " .....T he' con·gress and the league to .which you all, am¢ng , 1 yourselves, prefer loyalty, both ·having n<>w .agreed to the latter· proposition, and those of. you with pronounced leanings for Pakistan now commanding a clew-majority in tbe assembly, your g decision in regard, to tlr� alternatives· offered:. hf a fore one CO\lclusio.n. Any other decision of yours w'ould. indeed lie 'tantamount to thwarting the mantlate of your electorates.... ) . " ..... Hon: Sirs, it should not b'e necessary for any .one now.fo. remind 'YOU of the fact that the irresistible popular urge to freedom from foreign yoke was based on even greater and in_tenser aspiration· 'for a better, 1a happie,r and a nobler life. UptilYnow, the,peopl� were being made to believe that such a life was denied to them and, in its place, a life of excruciating poverty and 'l111-round degradation was· ordained· upon them either by the Imperialist Englishman or,1among themselves1 by the 'accursed' Hindu or the 'malecha' Musalman. Such ·easy &capegoats and convenient bogeys would no. more -be available anywhere ·now for· diverting the people's attention :from their real problems and for blunting their will to apply appropriate · methods to solve the· same. The Imperialist Englishman is teady to quit as soon as you think it safe ,to tell him to do so. The 'Hindu versus the M. uslim' problem should a'.t least now exist no· more� as . . SINDH QlJ�TERLY' 6 . . . . wliat waslsaitl'tb be tfie-.solutitin -of it ·has afreadyl been appli�d. Any . more attempts at playing the Hindu against di� Musalman or toe' Musihnart -ag: a'ins· t -the <Hindu, 'here,. or' anywfiere else, wHether by way of self-protective camouflage or of aggressive exhibitionfs nt would only be inviting an unprecedented disaster in the yet un�ettled affajf's'of the-two youhg sfates'6f Pakistan and Hinausfan� Time ha� now come when not only the sincerity df'the'1 hitherto ·mere professions should Jinq its tangible pr9ofs�in copcrety a�tions, but when utmosdp)agination, �ncf stat�sivansh!p-q{ a sterliqg·ch�ciGt�t will have to be shown by all thqs�}n whose hi\n9� fate has, fg; tb�r present, plac�� tJ1e de�tinj�s��,f �ur peopl�. , J �, J 1 "�Hgn: Strs, ,the in.articulate masses of your people,.under the�e cirGymst�nces, e�pe-ct of youAba_t you. wouJcf be good enough" to charge, on their behalf, your four representativ.es.onJhe Constituent Assembly with a clear cut mandate on the lines urged upon above. May the :trust and -faith of �y�our pe.ople in you beget, in an equal Il!��sµre,, symp�t1y1 , love and soJicitilde· fo� .th�m in<��our minds!·�-, .;-. "' ....... • r ,...., .r-.fl ... ..J>. t> 11 What could be wortP. pa.rtk:ular note. in. the contexLof the· ·-_ 1 que�tign PU! t9 the)�indh Asse.11.1bly memb.ersjn Juµe 1947, even as la!e a�, �oday: O;e._, gver f6qr decades after Jh� ,event)' is that,, excepting tlJe SJn9h.Legislatiye Ass�mblya�.a.iwhole, and members of West Punjab and East Bengal Assemblies, and of .the Quetta Municipality JlJJd�some leading Sardars of B�lochista'.n (the Province .Qf N.;W.F.J\ an�Hh�·djstljpt_ of Sylh�t_irtAsaam:w.ere off�redthe· <;hoj�� s�p�a.tely· by ple�bis.Git�), no such questiorr was-,put fo any Qther pr�vjnc� qr·:3:fea Qr p�_opJe JnJhe. Suo-Contiqe._nt. A.11.au_ then.tic: memb�r" of :M.Q.IyL in .Sindh is -.on recor.d to have .claimed sometim� ·11a,c� tliat_all the Muslims in lndiahav.e a"righi to enter: Pakist�!J."·a. .of claimJ'.f��ciJi.zeoship.·. The Jegal a.nd, constitutionah position, howev�J� ·tJ,itn.s;ou_hto"""be that none·from-outsideJ>akistan, {I{, :£> Q,q,t �yen-a_ :re(Qg<;e" from� ri,t�. �:'.else,wher.e, 110.t to-say a Muhajir (imll}igrJint), has !lhY claim:·��sii�h a, right. That was exactly why­ �9on.. a_fter th� first \inforesed'n waves ·of evaouees· from Indi?-'and Pakista,n ;i_ftex; AugµsrJ4. 1.947-subsided, ·th� two prime ministers; of t\l.e tWQ-c;oqntries, NebIJ.l and.LiaqatAli, struck'a·pact on .March - S,_ 195Q.,t.<;>.::it.he �ffecti Jh�.r th�v.c. _eJortb.'.Jh� people (M�slims or