Shrinking Spaces for the Lumad vis-a-vis Corporate Plantations i Shrinking Spaces for the Lumad vis-a-vis Corporate Plantations Rosario Bella Guzman The Point of Development: Shrinking Spaces for the Lumad vis-a-vis Corporate Plantations iii The Point of Development In Manolo Fortich, Bukidnon, farmers make up a large percentage of the population. But most of them still don’t have their own lands to till, a large portion of which are allocated to multinational companies for export crops. (Photo: Pau Villanueva) iv Shrinking Spaces for the Lumad vis-a-vis Corporate Plantations v The Point of Development Contents of this book may be quoted from or copied so long as the source/authors are acknowledged. Mindanao Interfaith Institute on Lumad Studies, RMP-NMR Inc and the ‘Healing the Hurt’ Project partners do not guarantee that information contained in this book is appropriate to every possible circumstances and shall not be held liable for any damage incurred as a result of its use. Copy of this book is available online: www.miils.org www.rmp-nmr.org Author: Rosario Bella Guzman Lay-out: Shaun Bonje Photos: Pau Villanueva, Gary Ben Villocino, Reclaim Opol This book is produced by the Mindanao Interfaith Institute on Lumad Studies, and published by RMP-NMR Inc and the ‘Healing the Hurt’ Project partners. This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of RMP-NMR Inc and the ‘Healing the Hurt’ Project partners and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. Publisher: Rural Missionaries of the Philippines Northern Mindanao Sub-Region (RMP-NMR), Inc Office address: Room 310, 3rd Floor, Diocesan Centrum Salvador Lluch St., Poblacion 9200 Iligan City Philippines T/F: +63 (63) 303 1595 Mobile: +63 917 590 8804 E: [email protected] with support from the W: www.rmp-nmr.org Follow us at twitter: @rmpnmr Like us in Facebook: @rmpnmr.inc ISBN: 978-971-95500-6-8 EUROPEAN UNION vi Shrinking Spaces for the Lumad vis-a-vis Corporate Plantations Come harvest time, these pineapple workers separate the ripe fruit from the tops. The tops are tossed in the truck and are saved for the next planting season. (Photo: Pau Villanueva) vii The Point of Development Table of Contents viii Acronyms xiii FOREWORD: Recognizing Indigenous Peoples’ Rights 01 Introduction 03 TNC control in global agriculture Facilitated rapid global expansion 09 The rise of corporate plantations in the Philippines Fake land reform program Government promotion viii Shrinking Spaces for the Lumad vis-a-vis Corporate Plantations 17 Main target: Mindanao Bukidnon Misamis Oriental Agusan del Norte Agusan del Sur Lumad in the areas 45 UNDRIP and Corporate Plantations 51 Structural impacts on the Lumad 59 Conclusions 63 Works Cited ix The Point of Development List of Acronyms ABERDI A. Brown Energy and Resources Development Inc. AFLA Agroforestry Farm Lease Agreement AGC Agumil Group of Companies AMS Group of Companies Alberto M. Soriano (AMS) Group of Companies ANFLOCOR Anflo Management and Investment Corporation AO Administrative Order API Agusan Plantations, Inc. ARB Agrarian Reform Beneficiary ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations AVA Agribusiness Venture Agreements BFI Bukidnon Forests, Inc. BOPCC Bali Oil Palm Plantation Co. BIMP-EAGA Brunei Darussakam, Indonesia, Malayasia, Philippines – East ASEAN Growth Area BUSCO Busco Sugar Milling Company CADC Certificates of Ancestral Domain Claim CADT Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title CALT Certificate of Land Transfer CARP Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program CARPER Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program Extension with Reforms CDE Centre for Development and Environment CEO Chief Executive Officer CFAP Community Fund for Agricultural Development CIRAD Centre de coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement CLOA Certificates of Land Ownership Award CMU Central Mindanao University COSLAP Commission on the Settlement of Land Problems CPO Crude Palm Oil DA Department of Agriculture DA-MRDP Department of Agriculture-Mindanao Rural Development Program DAR Department of Agrarian Reform DAVCO Davao Agricultural Development Company DBP Development Bank of the Philippines DCDB Dumaguete City Development Bank, Inc. DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DMFP Del Monte Fresh Produce DMPI Del Monte Philippines, Inc. DMPL Del Monte Pacific Limited DOLEFIL Dole Philippines Inc. DTI Department of Trade and Industry DUCOMI Dumaguete Coconut Mills Inc. EU European Union FARMSCO Farmers Alternative Self-Reliance Multi-Purpose Cooperative FEDCO Federation of Cooperatives FLGLA Forest Land Grazing Lease Agreement FPPI Filipinas Palm Oil Plantation Inc. FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FPIC Free, Prior, and Informed Consent ICC Indigenous Cultural Communities ILC International Land Coalition IPRA Indigenous Peoples Rights Act ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICESCR International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights IP Indigenous Peoples FGV Felda Global Ventures x viii