In honor of beloved Virgil — “O degli altri poeti onore e lume . . .” — Dante, Inferno The publisher gratefully acknowledges the generous support of the Classical Literature Endowment Fund of the University of California Press Foundation, which was established by a major gift from Joan Palevsky. This book has been published with the financial support of the Dipartimento di Ateneo per la Didattica e la Ricerca of the Università per Stranieri di Siena and the Research Projects of National Interest Program (PRIN 2010–2011). Shameless Shameless The Canine and the Feminine in Ancient Greece WITH A NEW PREFACE AND APPENDIX Cristiana Franco Translated by Matthew Fox UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. University of California Press Oakland, California © 2014 by The Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Franco, Cristiana. [Senza ritegno. English] Shameless : the canine and the feminine in the ancient Greece : with a new preface and appendix / Cristiana Franco ; translated by Matthew Fox p. cm. Based on the author’s thesis (doctoral)—Università di Siena. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-520-27340-5 (cloth, alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-520-95742-8 (pbk., alk. paper) eISBN 978-0-520- 95742-8 1. Dogs—Mythology—Greece. 2. Dogs in literature. 3. Women—History—To 500. 4. Women (Greek law). 5. Greece—Social conditions—To 146 B.C. 6. Dogs in art. I. Fox, Matthew (Matthew Aaron), translator. II. Title. PA3015.D64F7313 2014 880.9 3522—dc23 2014000727 Manufactured in the United States of America 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 14 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 In keeping with its commitment to support environmentally responsible and sustainable printing practices, UC Press has printed this book on Natures Book, which contains 30% post- consumer waste and meets the minimum requirements of ANSI/NISO Z 39.48-1992 (R 1997) (Permanence of Paper). CONTENTS Preface to the Present Edition Prologue 1. Offensive Epithets 2. The Dog in Greece 3. Food for Dogs 4. Sad Fates, Low Morals, and Heinous Behaviors 5. Return to Pandora Conclusion Appendix: Reflections on Theory and Method in Studying Animals in the Ancient World Abbreviations Notes References Index