Selections from the DECORATIVE ARTS in the J.Paul Getty Museum This page intentionally left blank Selections from the DECORATIVE ARTS in the J. Paul Getty Museum Gillian Wilson T H E J. P A UL G E T TY M U S E UM M A L I BU • C A L I F O R N IA © 1983 The J. Paul Getty Museum 17985 Pacific Coast Highway Malibu, California 90265 (For further information about museum books, please write Bookstore, The J. Paul Getty Museum, P.O. Box 2112, Santa Monica, California 90406) Library of Congress catalogue number 82-681807 ISBN number 0-89236-037-2 (hardbound) 0-89236-050-x (paperbound) Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data J. Paul Getty Museum. Selections from the collection of decorative arts in the J. Paul Getty Museum. Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Decorative arts—France—History —17th century. 2. Decorative arts—France—History —18th century. 3. Decorative arts—France—History —19th century. 4. Decorative arts—California—Malibu. 5. J. Paul Getty Museum. I. Wilson, Gillian II. Title. NK947.J2 1983 745'.0944 82-681807 Photography by Donald Hull and Penelope Potter Design by COY, Los Angeles Typography by Andresen Typographies, Los Angeles Printed by Alan Lithograph, Inc. Bound by Roswell Bookbinders Phoenix, Arizona in an edition of 5000 copies. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Fifty Selections of the Decorative Arts 2 in the J. Paul Getty Museum Appendix: Translations of 102 the French Extracts Bibliography 106 Index 107 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The texts for Nos. 26, 28, 29, 33, 40, 48, and 49 were written by Adrian Sassoon. I am grateful to the following people for various items of information used in compiling this book: Geoffrey de Bellaigue, Andrew Ciechanowiecki, David Cohen, Theodore Dell, Anthony Derham, Svend Ericksen, Roland de l'Espée, Ronald Freyberger, Arthur Grimwade, Leslie Harris, Henry Hawley, Guy Kuraszewski, Bozenna Majewska-Maszkowska, James Parker, Alexandre Pradère, Tamara Préaud, Olga Raggio, Rosalind Savill, Edith Standen, Pierre Verlet, and Sir Francis Watson. I am especially indebted to Colin Streeter who read the manuscript and made many useful suggestions and essential corrections. INTRODUCTION J. Paul Getty began to collect French decorative arts in the 1930's and continued to do so until his death in 1976. In the early 1970's the collection began to expand at a rapid pace, and this rate of expansion has continued relatively unabated until the present. At least half of the objects illustrated here have been acquired since Mr. Getty's death. The collection, at the time that this book is published, con- tains over three hundred individual pieces; this volume illus- trates fifty of them. The objects have been chosen to represent a cross section of the collection, which extends from approx- imately 1660 to 1820. It covers the reigns of Louis XIV, Louis XV, and Louis XVI and is now beginning to include objects made during the Empire under Napoleon. This book is not a catalogue (which is now in preparation), nor is it a mere picture book or checklist. Each piece has been chosen and illustrated because it represents a particular aspect of the crafts involved in the production of objects that were, in the main, made for the crown, the nobility, and the rich bour- geoisie of Paris. In addition to furniture, the book includes clocks, tapestries, porcelains, and objects made solely of gilded bronze, and silver. The pieces are arranged in chro- nological order. Translations of the French archival extracts, an index, and a concise bibliography for further reading have been provided. 1 1. CARPET This carpet was probably made in the workshops of Philippe French (Savonnerie); Lourdet in the mid-seventeenth century. Philippe's father, c. 1640-1660 Simon Lourdet, started his career as a Louvre workshop Length: 21'9" (668.1cm.) Breadth: 14' 4" (439.5 cm.) apprentice, then went into business on his own in the Savon- Accession number nerie, an old soap factory at Chaillot. From 1672 the Savon- 70.DC.63 nerie manufactory, under the direction of the court painter Woolen knots on a linen Charles Le Brun, and at the order of the minister Jean- weft and warp. Baptiste Colbert, worked only for the Crown. This carpet therefore predates the extremely elaborate productions made for the Château de Versailles and the Palais du Louvre. It has a close affinity to the oriental carpets which predominate in the inventories of Louis XIV In the center of this large carpet is a sunflower, the symbol of the self-styled Sun King, Louis XIV (1643-1715). Around the border are images of flower-filled Chinese porcelain bowls of the Ming period — an early representation of orien- tal objects on French work. In the inventory of Louix XIV we find the following entry: No. 18. Un grand tapis neuf de la Savonnerie fonds brun, par- semé de grands rinseaux blancs et de fleurs au naturel, ayant au milieu un cartouche ovalle dans lequel il y a un feston de fleurs avec un tournesol au milieu auditfeston, dans une bordure aussy fonds brun avec des corbeilles et vases de fleurs, Long de sept aunes l/2, large de trois aunes %. This description, apart from the size and the brown ground color, corresponds to the museum's carpet. It is likely that the compiler of the inventory made a mistake over the ground color, as all known carpets of this design have a dark-blue ground. The difference in size can be explained by the fact that the carpet has been cut down at its shorter sides by some two feet and only the borders carefully replaced in the late nine- teenth century. Nevertheless, it is not certain that this carpet is the one listed in Louis XIV's inventory, as other carpets of similar design and size exist, notably at the Château de Vaux- le-Vicomte. The museum's carpet is remarkable for its fine state of pre- servation. It is almost completely unworn and retains its bright colors. One half of the carpet is illustrated 2 3