BOTANICAL NOTES 171 SECOND RECORD OF ACTINOTAENIUM PERMINUTUM (DESMIDIACEAE) FROM POLAND ELZ˙BIETA SZELA˛G-WASIELEWSKA & GRAZ˙YNA TOMASZEWICZ El˙zbieta Szela˛g-Wasielewska, Department of Water Protection, Adam Mickiewicz University, Drzymały 24, PL-60-613 Poznan´, Po- land Gra˙zyna Tomaszewicz, Department of Environmental Botany, Warsaw University, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, PL-00-478 Warszawa, Poland; e-mail: [email protected] Actinotaenium perminutum (G. S. West) Teiling the width from 5.1 to 6.2 µm, and the ratio of cell was found in Jezioro Skrzynka lake situated in the length to width from 1.4 to 1.7. Isthmus breadth central part of Wielkopolski National Park, sev- ranged from 4.3 to 4.9 µm. The cell shape was eral km SW of the city of Poznan´, West Poland rather invariable: cylindrical with a shallow sinus (Fig. 1). In a water sample taken on 1 July 1999, in front view and circular in apical view (Fig. 2). this green alga was very numerous and caused The cells were surrounded by a delicate gelatin- light green water bloom in the lake. ous sheath several micrometers in width. The spe- Jezioro Skrzynka lake is a small (area 1.7 ha, cimens from Jezioro Skrzynka lake were rela- volume 2.4⋅104 m3) and quite shallow water body tively smaller, as their cells were shorter than the (max. depth 2.9 m, mean depth 1.43 m) (Szyper 9–15 µm reported in the literature, while cell & Gołdyn 2002). It is classified as a dystrophic width was at the lower limit of the reported 5–11 and polymictic lake (Brze˛k 1948; Da˛mbska et al. µm range (Grönblad 1921; Teiling 1954; Krieger 1978; Burchardt et al. 1998). Sphagnum mosses form dense mats floating on the lake surface along its margins. As a result, the margins of the lake have been partly overgrown and the lake surface has diminished about 42% over the last century (Schubert 1994). Jezioro Skrzynka lake is the second locality of A. perminutum reported from Poland. The species was recorded for the first time in Poland in a Lower Silesian peat bog by Matuła (1995). Ac- cording to Krieger and Gerloff (1969), who re- ported that species under its synonym Cosmarium perminutum G. S. West, it is a cosmopolitan species occurring in many European countries, as well as in Africa, Asia and South America. Ru˚žicˇka (1981) also believes that it is a cosmo- politan species, but it is rarely recorded in Central Europe. However, it can be overlooked easily be- cause of its small size and delicate cell walls. Fig. 1. Distribution of Actinotaenium perminutum (G. S. West) The cell length of A. perminutum found in Teiling in Poland. ▲ – previously known locality, ● – new lo- Jezioro Skrzynka lake varied from 7.6 to 8.8 µm, cality. 172 POLISH BOTANICAL JOURNAL 48(2). 2003. Fig. 2. Light micrograph of Actinotaenium perminutum (G. S. West) Teiling. Scale bar = 10 µm. & Gerloff 1969; Ru˚žicˇka 1981; Palamar-Mord- nitrate nitrogen 0.14 ± 0.18 mg N/l, calcium 4.7 ± vintseva 1982). 1.4 mg Ca/l, and potassium 2.2 ± 0.59 mg K/l. According to Ru˚žicˇka (1981), A. perminutum Within the water sample, which was analyzed occurs in small acidic or moderately acidic water with an inverted microscope in settling chambers bodies and rarely in waters with pH 6.0–7.5. according to the method of Wetzel & Likens Coesel (1998) reports that the species is found in (1991), A. perminutum was accompanied by 18 meso-oligotrophic habitats with water pH up to taxa of 8 classes and 15 genera. Most of the 6.5, and that it can be assigned to the aerophytes, species belong to the division of Chlorophyta (9 benthophytes and tychoplanktonic species. Ma- species, i.e., 47% of the total phycoflora), whereas tuła (1995) recognized A. perminutum as a meso- the other four divisions were represented by 1–5 trophic species occurring in water with pH 5.01– species each. Actinotaenium perminutum reached 5.50, ammonium nitrogen 0.101–0.300 mg N/l, a very high density and accounted for as much as nitrate nitrogen 0.061–0.100 mg N/l, calcium 2.0– 99.2% of the total number of phytoplankton. All 5.5 mg Ca/l, and potassium 1.0–4.0 mg K/l. In the the other taxa were much less abundant. The most present study the physical and chemical parame- frequent among them were Teilingia excavata, ters of the water were not analyzed, but investiga- Gymnodinium sp. and Peridinium inconspicuum tions carried out in 1996–1999 by Klimaszyk et al. (Table 1). Because of the great abundance of A. (2002) indicated that the water pH was 6.48 ± 0.2, perminutum in Jezioro Skrzynka lake, this newly while the mean concentrations of nutrients were as discovered locality is particularly valuable. The follows: ammonium nitrogen 0.76 ± 0.74 mg N/l, lake is surrounded by woodland and protected as BOTANICAL NOTES 173 Table 1. Species composition and density of phycoflora (cell ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. We are grateful to the anony- numbers per 1 ml) in Jezioro Skrzynka lake on 1 July 1999. mous reviewer for valuable suggestions on the manu- script. Microscopy analyses were made possible by sup- Species Density port from the Foundation for Polish Science, which CYANOPHYTA bought the Olympus BX-60 microscope which the CYANOBACTERIA study employed (SUBIN program). Aphanocapsa incerta (Lemmerm.) Cronberg 108 & Komárek Microcystis aeruginosa Kütz. 21 REFERENCES EUGLENOPHYTA EUGLENOPHYCEAE BRZE˛K G. 1948. Limnological study of aquatic basins in the National Park of Great Poland. 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