174 ENTOMOLOGIST'S RECORD, VOL. 103 15.vii.l991 — STAFFS: Cannock Chase, 24.ix.1983 Anson's Bank, Sycamores Hill, Satnall Hills; Penkridge Bank, viii.1984; Highgate Common, 25.ix.1982; Forest Covert; Kinver Edge, 25.ix.1982; Whittington Heath, 8.ix.l985; Wyrley Common, 26.viii.1985; Chasewater, 26.viii.1985; Pelsall Common, 6.ix.l985; Apedale (R. Hill, pers. com., 1990). SALOP: Wixall Moss, 6.vii.l986; Cramer Gutter, 2.ix.l984 and 17.viii.l985; Prees Heath, 6.vii.l986; Wrekin; Alverley, slag heap, vii.1986; Clee Hill, 9.viii.l986; Long Mynd, 9.viii.l986; Plowden, 9.viii.l986. (To beconcluded) Second brood Spilosomalubricipeda L., the White Ermine (Lep.: Arctiidae) in Ayrshire A single male of S. lubricipeda was caught in the Rothamsted Insect Light Survey (R.I.S.) hght trap at Culzean Castle, Ayrshire (Site No. 264, OS grid ref. NS 235 095) on 10.ix.1990. This individual represents a partial second emergence: first brood moths were caught in the trap between 5.v. and 4.vii.l990. Reference to the R.I.S. database shows that S. lubricipeda usually flies between mid-May and mid-July at this site, though first brood individuals have been caught between 8.v.(1981) and 5.viii.(1979). Despite 15 years of continuous trapping at Culzean Castle, the only other instance ofa second emergence is recorded on 5.ix.l975. Skinner, B. {Colour Identification Guide to Moths of the British Isles, Viking, Harmondsworth, 1984) and others state that there is an occasional second emergence of this species. Examination of the R.I.S. database confirms this. From a total of over 40,000 S. lubricipeda records, there are 27 captures of second brood individuals. Apart from four Scottish records, three of which were during the hot summer of 1976, these are all from Wales and England south of Lancashire and Lincolnshire. Seven (approx. one third) were from Kent, Hampshire and the Channel Islands. From these records it appears that bivoltinism in S. lubricipeda is unusual and occurs mainly in southern localities. In Scotland a second emergence is rare and usually restricted to hot summers such as 1976 and 1990. Continued monitoring of bivoltinism in this species may reveal responses to predicted climatic change. Thanks are extended to G. Riddle for operating the trap at Culzean — Castle. Adrian M. Riley, AFRC Farmland Ecology Research Group, Dept. Entomology and Hematology, Rothamsted Exp. Stn., Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ.