Four New Scorpion Species (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Amazonian Peru František Kovařík, Rolando Teruel, Graeme Lowe & Stefan Friedrich October 2015 — No. 210 Euscorpius Occasional Publications in Scorpiology EDITOR: Victor Fet, Marshall University, ‘[email protected]’ ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Michael E. Soleglad, ‘[email protected]’ Euscorpius is the first research publication completely devoted to scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius takes advantage of the rapidly evolving medium of quick online publication, at the same time maintaining high research standards for the burgeoning field of scorpion science (scorpiology). Euscorpius is an expedient and viable medium for the publication of serious papers in scorpiology, including (but not limited to): systematics, evolution, ecology, biogeography, and general biology of scorpions. Review papers, descriptions of new taxa, faunistic surveys, lists of museum collections, and book reviews are welcome. 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Publication date: 15 October 2015 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F0123FE1-7FDD-4DB5-BD59-B19EC9856B22 Euscorpius — Occasional Publications in Scorpiology. 2015, No. 210 Four new scorpion species (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Amazonian Peru František Kovařík 1, Rolando Teruel 2, Graeme Lowe 3& Stefan Friedrich 4 1 P.O. Box 27, CZ - 145 01 Praha 45, Czech Republic.www.scorpio.cz 2 Centro Oriental de Ecosistemas y Biodiversidad, Museo de Historia Natural "Tomás Romay", José A. Saco # 601, esquina a Barnada, Santiago de Cuba 90100, Cuba. [email protected] 3 Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-3308, USA 4 Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstr.21, 81247 München, Germany, [email protected] http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F0123FE1-7FDD-4DB5-BD59-B19EC9856B22 Summary We describe four new species of buthid scorpions from a single Amazonian locality in Peru, situated at the pre- Andean piedmont: Ananteris ashaninka sp. n., Tityus dillerorum sp. n. (a member of the “melanostictus” species- group), Tityus panguana sp. n. (a member of the “bolivianus” species-group), and Tityus wachteli sp. n. (a member of the “clathratus” species-group). Additional information is given on their taxonomy, distribution, ecology, and reproductive biology, fully complemented with color photos of live and preserved specimens, as well as their habitat. Introduction Diller, together with her husband Erich Diller, and the size of the area has been increased through land The Panguana Biological Field Station and Private purchase. In 2011, Panguana was granted the status of a Protected Area (hereafter ACP Panguana, after the private protected area by the Peruvian government, and Spanish abbreviation of Área de Conservación Privada) in 2014 the station was turned into an incorporated is located in the pre-Andean primary lowland rainforest foundation. The leader of Panguana, Dr. Juliane Diller, of the Amazonian Peru, about 140 km from the eastern holds a full-time job as the head of the library and as slopes of the Andes (09°37'S 74°56'W). It is situated at deputy director of the Bavarian State Collection of Zoo- an altitude of 230–260 m at the Río Yuyapichis (a trib- logy in Munich, Germany. Nevertheless, Dr. Diller utary of the Río Pachitea, which leads into the Río spends several weeks at Panguana during at least two Ucayali, a headwater stream of the Amazon) and can be stays there every year. Her husband, Erich Diller, a reached by boat or on foot only. It is a hilly area of 940 former curator of Insecta Hymenoptera at the ZSMC, hectares, interspersed with various kinds of water accompanies and supports her in all matters. Permanent bodies. Vegetation types include primary high forest that caretakers at Panguana are Carlos Vásquez, called is never flooded, bog, alluvial and secondary forests, as “Moro”, his wife Nery, and his son Hibraín. They well as some plantations and meadows on the western operate a little farm in the direct neighborhood of the fringe. Eastwards the station borders on the territory of station. the Asháninka indigenous people whose primary rain The Panguana project provides facilities for taxono- forest lands extend for 50 km through the Sira mountain mic and ecological field research intended to contribute range (elevations up to 2,500 m). The annual average to the understanding of primary rain forests in general, temperature is 25°C. Precipitation ranges between 2,000 and to the protection and preservation of the unique local and 3,000 mm, accumulating mostly during a 180-day ecosystem, which is still threatened by slash-and-burn period from October to April. In the forest, air humidity agriculture and gold panning. Studies at Panguana ben- is around 90% throughout the year. efit from a long-standing cooperation with the Museo de ACP Panguana—named after a local panguana bird, Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de Crypturellus undulatus (fam. Tinamidae)—was founded San Marcos in Lima, especially Prof. Dr. Gerardo Lamas in 1968 by the German biologists Dr. Maria Koepcke Müller and Dr. Diana Silva Dávila. Since the 1980's, and Prof. Dr. Hans-Wilhelm Koepcke. Since 2000, the researchers from ZSMC and many other scientific station is directed by the founders' daughter, Dr. Juliane institutes and countries have used the Panguana facil- 2 Euscorpius — 2015, No. 210 Year Collecting permit number Export permit number Issued by (authority) 2004 063-2004-INRENA-IFFS-DCB 004329-AG-INRENA INRENA (Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales) 2007 097-2007-INRENA-IFFS-DCB 010670-AG-INRENA INRENA 2008 124-2008-INRENA-IFFS-DCB 011855-AG-INRENA INRENA 2010 0427-2010-AG-DGFFS- 003889-AG-DGFFS DGFFS (Dirección General DGEFFS Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre) 2011 0462-2011-AG-DGFFS- 006672-AG-DGFFS DGFFS DGEFFS 2012 0318-2012-AG-DGFFS- 009708-AG-DGFFS DGFFS DGEFFS 2013 0276-2013-AG-DGFFS- 000521-MINAGRI- DGFFS DGEFFS DGFFS 2015 007-2014-SERFOR- 0001757-SERFOR SERFOR (Servicio Nacional DGGSPFFS Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre) Table 1: Collection permit information. Kovařík et al.: Four New Scorpions From Amazonian Peru 3 Figures 1–5: Figure 1. Panguana field station. Figure 2. Dr. Juliane and Erich Diller at Rio Yuyapichis. Figure 3. Nery and “Moro” Vásquez. Figure 4. Erich Diller with Malaise trap. Figure 5. Franz Wachtel in Panguana. 4 Euscorpius — 2015, No. 210 Figure 6: Children at school in Pampas Verde, the Asháninka village close to Panguana. ities. An example of the many recent projects is called Label data are transcribed literally here, but further “Soil arthropods in Panguana (Peru) - Species inventory information about localities (e.g., political-adminis- of primary rain forest using DNA-barcoding and tra- trative divisions such as regions, provinces and districts) ditional taxonomy (PANGArth)”. This project is carried is added between brackets. Specimens studied herein are out by the ZSMC Arthropoda section. A list of publi- preserved in ethanol 80% ethanol and deposited in the cations since 2001 can be found at: http://www.zsm. following collections: FKCP (František Kovařík, private mwn.de/panguana/publications.htm. collection, Prague, Czech Republic), FWCG (Franz Wachtel, private collection, Grünwald, Germany), MUSM (Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Methods & Material Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru), RTOC (Rolando Teruel, private collection, Santiago, Cuba), Nomenclature and measurements follow Stahnke ZMUH (Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Mus- (1971), Kovařík (2009), and Kovařík & Ojanguren eum, Universität Hamburg, Germany), ZSMC (Bavar- Affilastro (2013), except for trichobothriotaxy (Vachon, ian State Collection of Zoology, Munich, Germany). 1974), metasomal carinae (Francke, 1977), pedipalp All specimens studied herein were collected and chela carinae (Acosta et al., 2008, as interpreted by exported legally, see Table 1 for the appropriate permits. Armas et al., 2011), hemispermatophore (Stockwell, 1989), and sternum (Soleglad & Fet, 2003). Unless Systematics otherwise noted, all morphologically diagnostic char- Family Buthidae C. L. Koch, 1837 acters mentioned in the text refer to adults of both sexes. For the genus Tityus C. L. Koch, 1836, there is deep Ananteris ashaninka Kovařík, Teruel, Lowe et divergence amongst authors about its internal division, Friedrich, sp. n. e.g., subgenera vs. species-groups; we continue to follow (Figures 7–34; Table 3) here the traditional species-groups as cataloged by Fet & http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4565FD Lowe (2000). 2E-FF52-4654-805F-9C7D469ACED2 Kovařík et al.: Four New Scorpions From Amazonian Peru 5 Figures 7–11: Ananteris ashaninka sp. n., holotype female, dorsal (7), ventral (8) views, and metasoma and telson, lateral (9), ventral (10), and dorsal (11) views. 1-cm scale bar for Figures 7 and 8. 6 Euscorpius — 2015, No. 210 Figures 12–19: Ananteris ashaninka sp. n. Figures 12, 14, 16–19: holotype female, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (12), sternopectinal region and sternites III–V (14), distal segments of legs I–IV (16–19), retroventral view. Figures 13, 15: paratype juvenile female, FKCP, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (13), sternopectinal region and sternites III–V (15). Kovařík et al.: Four New Scorpions From Amazonian Peru 7 TYPE LOCALITY AND HOLOTYPE DEPOSITORY. Peru, ipalp femur predominantly dark, very densely spotted [Huánuco Region], Huánuco Department, [Puerto Inca with blackish along all carinae, almost interconnected Province, Yuyapichis District], ACP Panguana, Río medially; patella predominantly dark, even more densely Yuyapichis, 09°37'S 74°56'W, 230-260 m a. s. l. (Fig. spotted with blackish brown, with the irregular, oval- 132), MUSM. elongate paler areas concentrated on basal half; chela strikingly bicolor, with manus immaculate pale yellow TYPE MATERIAL. Peru, [Huánuco Region], Huánuco and fingers blackish with yellowish tips. Carapace pre- Department, [Puerto Inca Province, Yuyapichis District], dominantly dark, symmetrically and densely spotted ACP Panguana, Río Yuyapichis, 09°37'S 74°56'W, 230- with blackish brown, irregularly arranged into three 260 m a. s. l., 1.V.-21.V.2015, leg. S. Friedrich, F. parallel, wide and discontinuous oblique stripes; eyes Wachtel & M. Steinherr, 1 ♀ (holotype, MUSM, Figures and ocular tubercles black. Tergites predominantly dark, 7–12, 14, 16–30), 2 juvenile ♀ (paratypes, ZSMC No. symmetrically and densely reticulated and spotted with ZSMA20157512 and FKCP, Figs. 13, 15, 31–34). blackish brown, not arranged into longitudinal stripes and with the pale, chevron-shaped lateral areas typical of ETYMOLOGY. The selected epithet is an indeclinable most species of the genus well evident. Pectines im- noun in apposition, taken from the name of the in- maculate yellowish brown, with basal portion and basal digenous people who have been inhabiting the area even plate slightly darker due to heavier sclerotization. before the rise of the Inca Empire. Self-named "Ashán- Sternites predominantly pale, only with lateral areas inka" or "Asháninca", it belongs to the Arawak linguistic irregularly infuscate as a pair of dark longitudinal stripes family, being the most important native people of that become darker, better defined and more compact Amazonian Peru. They are also acknowledged by their distally towards sternite VII; V with the smooth patch strong will for freedom and their repeated struggles indistinct. Legs densely spotted with blackish brown on against their oppression and the plundering of their all surfaces but apically paler, with essentially all natural resources. segments irregularly to faintly annulated. Metasoma with base color progressively darker distally, with seg- DIAGNOSIS (female only, male unknown). Adult ments IV–V dark reddish; all surfaces very densely size medium (26 mm) for the genus. Coloration pre- spotted with blackish brown, with pattern becoming dominantly dark: base yellowish brown, very densely denser and darker on distal half of every segment, but spotted with blackish brown all over, but not clearly conspicuously discontinuous ventrally on I–III. Telson arranged into stripes on tergites; chelicerae densely vesicle dark reddish, with blackish infuscation arranged reticulate with blackish brown, pedipalp chelae with into four parallel, longitudinal dark stripes, subaculear manus immaculate pale and fingers blackish, metasomal tubercle yellowish but infuscate basally; aculeus with segments IV–V and telson reddish brown. Pedipalp basal third yellowish brown and distal two-thirds dark chelae with manus very small, completely acarinate and reddish-brown. without internal denticles; fixed and movable fingers Chelicerae (Fig. 12). With dentition typical for the both with six principal rows of denticles, basal lobe/ genus; teeth relatively large and sharp. Tegument notch combination absent. Pectines with 16–18 teeth smooth and glossy, dorsodistal portion of manus with (mode 17); fulcra absent; basal middle lamella greatly coarse, glossy granules irregularly arranged trans- enlarged, angulose. Sternite V with the smooth patch versally, defining a depressed area. Setation very dense indistinct; spiracles short, slit-like. Metasoma short and ventrally, but essentially lacking dorsally, except for five robust, with 10/10/8/8/5 complete to essentially rigid, whitish macrosetae around depressed area of complete, finely serrate to serratocrenulate carinae; manus. dorsal lateral carinae on segments III–IV with terminal Pedipalps (Figs. 20–27, 29–30). Size and shape denticles greatly enlarged; all intercarinal spaces dense- standard for the genus, almost glabrous. Ortho- ly, roughly granulose. Telson vesicle elongate oval, bothriotaxic A-β; manus Eb essentially above Eb , Est 2 3 smooth and glossy, with subaculear tubercle large and slightly basal to Esb; fixed finger with all trichobothria spiniform. displaced to distal half, eb displaced to subdorsal position, est and et situated between db and dt, with all DESCRIPTION (adult female holotype). Coloration four trichobothria essentially equidistant (as in most (Figs. 7–8) base light yellowish brown, very densely species of the genus). Femur slender, almost straight and reticulated and spotted with blackish brown all over the essentially bare; all carinae moderate and irregularly body and appendages except on the ventral region, granulose; intercarinal tegument coriaceous, with small which is spotted only on coxapophyses I and lateral part granules irregularly scattered mostly around tricho- of sternites. Chelicerae light yellowish brown; manus bothria; internal (i) trichobothria not surrounding any densely reticulated with blackish brown, sparser basally specially developed denticle or spur. Patella very slen- and at fixed finger base; fingers deeply infuscate. Ped- der, straight, essentially bare, and round in cross-section; 8 Euscorpius — 2015, No. 210 Figures 20–30: Ananteris ashaninka sp. n., holotype female. Pedipalp chela, dorsal (20), external (21), and ventral (22) views. Pedipalp patella, dorsal (23), external (24), and ventral (25) views. Pedipalp femur and trochanter, internal (26) and dorsal (27) views. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 20a–24a and 26a–27a. Pedipalp movable (29) and fixed (30) finger.Telson (28).