Saramaccan Vocabulary Jeff Good The vocabulary contains 1303 meaning-word pairs from the recipient language Saramaccan. The corresponding text chapter was published in the book Loanwords in the World's Languages. The language page Saramaccan contains a list of all loanwords arranged by donor languoid. Source Words goónlíba 1.1 the world 5. no evidence for borrowing terra (Suriname téla 1.21 the land 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) goón 1.212 the soil 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for gudugúdu 1.213 the dust borrowing sujo (Suriname súndju 1.213 the dust 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) poto-poto (L) pötöpötö 1.214 the mud 1. clearly borrowed (Loango ) sándu 1.215 the sand 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for kúnunu 1.22 the mountain or hill borrowing benga 1.222 the cliff or precipice 5. no evidence for borrowing básúkúnunu 1.24 the valley 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for djégi 1.25 the island borrowing partir (Suriname paatí 1.25 the island 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) Unidentifiable télábúka 1.27 the shore 3. perhaps borrowed (Suriname Portuguese ) sitónúbaáku 1.28 the cave 5. no evidence for borrowing wáta 1.31 the water 5. no evidence for borrowing zé 1.32 the sea 1. clearly borrowed zee (Dutch ) sáápi 1.322 calm 5. no evidence for borrowing séki 1.323 rough(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing pululú 1.324 the foam 1. clearly borrowed pulúlu (Loango ) escuma (Suriname sukúma 1.324 the foam 2. probably borrowed Portuguese ) zé 1.329 the ocean 1. clearly borrowed zee (Dutch ) zé 1.33 the lake 1. clearly borrowed zee (Dutch ) 4. very little evidence for gódo 1.34 the bay borrowing 4. very little evidence for gódo 1.341 the lagoon borrowing 4. very little evidence for pakapaka 1.35 the wave borrowing foóou 1.354 the high tide 5. no evidence for borrowing rio (Suriname lío 1.36 the river or stream 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) biáwáta 1.362 the whirlpool 5. no evidence for borrowing baákúwáta 1.37 the spring or well 5. no evidence for borrowing Source Words suwámpu 1.38 the swamp 5. no evidence for borrowing dán 1.39 the waterfall 5. no evidence for borrowing mato (Suriname mátu 1.41 the woods or forest 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) sabána 1.411 the savanna 3. perhaps borrowed pau (Suriname páu 1.43 the wood 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) sitónu 1.44 the stone or rock 5. no evidence for borrowing gaángádu 1.51 the sky 5. no evidence for borrowing sónu 1.52 the sun 5. no evidence for borrowing (ar)riba (Suriname líba 1.53 the moon 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) estrela (Suriname teéja 1.54 the star 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) gádu kóti fája 1.55 the lightning 5. no evidence for borrowing gaángádú bái 1.56 the thunder 5. no evidence for borrowing gádu kóti fája 1.57 the bolt of lightning 5. no evidence for borrowing taángáve ntu 1.58 the storm 5. no evidence for borrowing mutjáma 1.59 the rainbow 1. clearly borrowed `nkyáma (Loango ) fája 1.61 the light 5. no evidence for borrowing escuro (Suriname sugúu 1.62 the darkness 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) sombra (Suriname sómba 1.63 the shade or shadow 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) jejé 1.63 the shade or shadow 3. perhaps borrowed y (Gbe ) adjíwáta 1.64 the dew 5. no evidence for borrowing do o wáta 1.64 the dew 5. no evidence for borrowing vento (Suriname ve ntu 1.71 the air 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) vento (Suriname ve ntu 1.72 the wind 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) wolku (Sranan ) wo lúku 1.73 the cloud 1. clearly borrowed < wolk (Dutch ) bundji 1.74 the fog 1. clearly borrowed buungi (Loango ) chuva (Suriname tjúba 1.75 the rain 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) e ísi 1.77 the ice 2. probably borrowed ijs (Dutch ) wéi (1) 1.78 the weather 5. no evidence for borrowing fája 1.81 the fire 5. no evidence for borrowing fájáto ngö 1.82 the flame 5. no evidence for borrowing sumúku 1.83 the smoke 5. no evidence for borrowing cinza (Suriname síndja 1.84 the ash 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) zonká 1.841 the embers 1. clearly borrowed zoká (Gbe ) quiemar (Suriname tjumá 1.851 to burn(1) 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) Source Words quiemar (Suriname tjumá 1.852 to burn(2) 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) kísi 1.86 to light 5. no evidence for borrowing tapar (Suriname tapá 1.861 to extinguish 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) swarfu (Sranan ) suwálufu 1.87 the match 1. clearly borrowed < zwavel (Dutch ) údu 1.88 the firewood 5. no evidence for borrowing koofája 1.89 the charcoal 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for sëmbë 2.1 the person borrowing homem (Suriname wómi 2.21 the man 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) mulher (Suriname muje ë 2.22 the woman 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) homem (Suriname wómi 2.23 male(1) 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) mulher (Suriname muje ë 2.24 female(1) 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) kamísama 2.25 the boy 5. no evidence for borrowing kijóo 2.251 the young man 1. clearly borrowed crioulo (Sranan ) koósuma 2.26 the girl 5. no evidence for borrowing menino (Suriname mií 2.27 the child(1) 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) miíi 2.28 the baby 5. no evidence for borrowing mánu 2.31 the husband 5. no evidence for borrowing koósuma 2.32 the wife 5. no evidence for borrowing töo u 2.33 to marry 5. no evidence for borrowing töo u 2.34 the wedding 5. no evidence for borrowing túwë 2.341 the divorce 5. no evidence for borrowing taatá 2.35 the father 1. clearly borrowed tatá (Loango ) mamá 2.36 the mother 3. perhaps borrowed mamá (Loango ) gaánsëmbë 2.37 the parents 5. no evidence for borrowing Unidentifiable wómímíí 2.41 the son 3. perhaps borrowed (Suriname Portuguese ) Unidentifiable muje e míí 2.42 the daughter 3. perhaps borrowed (Suriname Portuguese ) menino (Suriname mií 2.43 the child(2) 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) baáa 2.44 the brother 5. no evidence for borrowing sísa 2.45 the sister 5. no evidence for borrowing gaínsa 2.454 the older sister 5. no evidence for borrowing túlíngi 2.458 the twins 3. perhaps borrowed tweeling (Dutch ) túmíi 2.458 the twins 5. no evidence for borrowing Source Words tatá 2.461 the old man 1. clearly borrowed tatá (Loango ) avó (Suriname avó 2.4711 the grandparents 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) Unidentifiable miímíí 2.5 the grandchild 3. perhaps borrowed (Suriname Portuguese ) tio (Suriname tío 2.511 the mother's brother 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) taatá 2.512 the father's brother 1. clearly borrowed tatá (Loango ) mamásísa 2.52 the aunt 5. no evidence for borrowing maamá 2.521 the mother's sister 3. perhaps borrowed maamá (Loango ) Unidentifiable avóavo 2.56 the ancestors 3. perhaps borrowed (Suriname Portuguese ) böngö 2.57 the descendants 1. clearly borrowed mboongo (Loango ) 4. very little evidence for paansú 2.57 the descendants borrowing pai (Suriname pái 2.61 the father-in-law (of a man) 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) pai (Suriname pái 2.611 the father-in-law (of a woman) 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) mãe (Suriname mái 2.62 the mother-in-law (of a man) 2. probably borrowed Portuguese ) the mother-in-law (of a mãe (Suriname mái 2.621 2. probably borrowed woman) Portuguese ) pai (Suriname pái 2.63 the son-in-law (of a man) 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) pai (Suriname pái 2.631 the son-in-law (of a woman) 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) mãe (Suriname mái 2.64 the daughter-in-law (of a man) 2. probably borrowed Portuguese ) the daughter-in-law (of a mãe (Suriname mái 2.641 2. probably borrowed woman) Portuguese ) famíi 2.81 the relatives 5. no evidence for borrowing djúbe ë 2.82 the family 5. no evidence for borrowing mi 2.91 I 5. no evidence for borrowing i 2.92 you (singular) 5. no evidence for borrowing a 2.93 he/she/it 5. no evidence for borrowing e n 2.93 he/she/it 5. no evidence for borrowing a 2.931 he 5. no evidence for borrowing e n 2.931 he 5. no evidence for borrowing a 2.932 she 5. no evidence for borrowing e n 2.932 she 5. no evidence for borrowing a 2.933 it 5. no evidence for borrowing e n 2.933 it 5. no evidence for borrowing u 2.94 we 5. no evidence for borrowing Source Words u 2.941 we (inclusive) 5. no evidence for borrowing u 2.942 we (exclusive) 5. no evidence for borrowing un 2.95 you (plural) 1. clearly borrowed unù (Igbo ) de 2.96 they 5. no evidence for borrowing mbéti 3.11 the animal 5. no evidence for borrowing homem (Suriname wómi 3.12 male(2) 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) mulher (Suriname muje ë 3.13 female(2) 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) 4. very little evidence for hía (1) 3.15 the livestock borrowing goón 3.16 the pasture 5. no evidence for borrowing mbétíwósu 3.19 the stable or stall 5. no evidence for borrowing káu 3.21 the bull 5. no evidence for borrowing wómíkáu 3.22 the ox 5. no evidence for borrowing káu 3.23 the cow 5. no evidence for borrowing káúmííi 3.24 the calf 5. no evidence for borrowing skapu (Sranan ) sikápu 3.25 the sheep 1. clearly borrowed < schaap (Dutch ) sikáfu 3.25 the sheep 1. clearly borrowed schaap (Dutch ) wómísíkáfu 3.26 the ram 5. no evidence for borrowing muje e síkápu 3.28 the ewe 5. no evidence for borrowing sikápúmíi 3.29 the lamb 5. no evidence for borrowing píngo 3.32 the boar 1. clearly borrowed pïiŋgo (Carib ) 4. very little evidence for gunsá 3.32 the boar borrowing hágu 3.34 the sow 5. no evidence for borrowing hágu 3.35 the pig 5. no evidence for borrowing cabrita (Suriname kaabíta 3.36 the goat 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) cabrita (Suriname kaabíta 3.37 the he-goat 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) cabrita (Suriname kaabíta 3.38 the kid 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) hási 3.41 the horse 5. no evidence for borrowing hási 3.42 the stallion 5. no evidence for borrowing hási 3.44 the mare 5. no evidence for borrowing ásímííi 3.45 the foal or colt 5. no evidence for borrowing burrico (Suriname bulíki 3.46 the donkey 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) fóu 3.5 the fowl 5. no evidence for borrowing Unidentifiable wómígánía 3.52 the cock/rooster 3. perhaps borrowed (Suriname Portuguese ) galinha (Suriname ganían 3.54 the hen 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) Source Words galinha (Suriname ganían 3.55 the chicken 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) gansi (Sranan ) gánsi 3.56 the goose 1. clearly borrowed < gans (Dutch ) pato (Suriname patupátu 3.57 the duck 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) ne si 3.58 the nest 5. no evidence for borrowing fóu 3.581 the bird 5. no evidence for borrowing akamawái 3.583 the heron 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for gbaniní 3.584 the eagle borrowing gavião (Suriname gabián 3.585 the hawk 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) tíngífóo 3.586 the vulture 5. no evidence for borrowing lu-mpukusu pukusu 3.591 the bat 1. clearly borrowed (Loango ) takufóo 3.591 the bat 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for alála 3.592 the parrot borrowing pomba (Suriname pómba 3.594 the dove 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) hógífóu 3.596 the owl 5. no evidence for borrowing kujaké 3.598 the toucan 1. clearly borrowed kuja`ke (Carib ) dágu 3.61 the dog 5. no evidence for borrowing lapëkökö ni 3.614 the rabbit 5. no evidence for borrowing pusipúsi 3.62 the cat 5. no evidence for borrowing quadri-olho kwátíwójo 3.622 the opossum 2. probably borrowed (Suriname Portuguese ) mösimo si 3.63 the mouse or rat 5. no evidence for borrowing físi 3.65 the fish 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for jakajaka 3.652 the fin borrowing físíkákísa 3.653 the scale 5. no evidence for borrowing guelra (Suriname gééja 3.654 the gill 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) 4. very little evidence for kókóo 3.655 the shell borrowing 4. very little evidence for laláo 3.663 the whale borrowing 4. very little evidence for djampáini 3.664 the stingray borrowing sipaí 3.664 the stingray 1. clearly borrowed sipari (Carib ) 4. very little evidence for tjubula 3.664 the stingray borrowing maisi 3.665 the freshwater eel 2. probably borrowed marisiri (Carib ) Source Words lángáfísi 3.665 the freshwater eel 5. no evidence for borrowing sabánádágu 3.71 the wolf 5. no evidence for borrowing leão (Suriname le un 3.72 the lion 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) 4. very little evidence for aliá 3.74 the fox borrowing djangafútu 3.75 the deer 5. no evidence for borrowing macaco (Suriname makáku 3.76 the monkey 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) babúnu 3.76 the monkey 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for kaánu 3.76 the monkey borrowing zaun 3.77 the elephant 1. clearly borrowed nzawu (Loango ) lósu 3.811 the head louse 5. no evidence for borrowing lósu 3.8112 the body louse 5. no evidence for borrowing dágúsíka 3.813 the flea 5. no evidence for borrowing ahalala 3.814 the centipede 2. probably borrowed mwalálá (Loango ) 4. very little evidence for bóntani 3.815 the scorpion borrowing kúkútúlábu 3.815 the scorpion 5. no evidence for borrowing adingö u téla 3.815 the scorpion 5. no evidence for borrowing ahalakpákpa 3.816 the cockroach 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for adabasíi 3.816 the cockroach borrowing hánsi 3.817 the ant 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for adjáansi 3.818 the spider borrowing anásíwósu 3.819 the spider web 5. no evidence for borrowing ho ni 3.82 the bee 5. no evidence for borrowing ho nikáká 3.821 the beeswax 5. no evidence for borrowing hö níwósu 3.822 the beehive 5. no evidence for borrowing wasiwási 3.823 the wasp 5. no evidence for borrowing fétima 3.823 the wasp 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for we nwën 3.83 the fly borrowing támúndúfóo 3.831 the sandfly or midge or gnat 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for buábua 3.831 the sandfly or midge or gnat borrowing máku 3.832 the mosquito 2. probably borrowed mako (Carib ) biibíífóo 3.832 the mosquito 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for adingö 3.833 the prawns or shrimp borrowing saasáa 3.833 the prawns or shrimp 2. probably borrowed sarara (Carib ) 4. very little evidence for kopíkopi 3.834 the termites borrowing Source Words carrapato kaapátu 3.835 the tick 1. clearly borrowed (Suriname Portuguese ) bicho (Suriname bítju 3.84 the worm 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) sindéki 3.85 the snake 5. no evidence for borrowing tookóo 3.865 the quail 1. clearly borrowed tokoro (Carib ) 4. very little evidence for djeendjé 3.869 the squirrel borrowing walilí 3.89 the anteater 1. clearly borrowed wariri (Carib ) hógímbéti 3.9 the jaguar 5. no evidence for borrowing takumbéti 3.9 the jaguar 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for ambulúpái 3.9 the jaguar borrowing bubú 3.9 the jaguar 2. probably borrowed mbubu (Loango ) pënde mbéti 3.9 the jaguar 5. no evidence for borrowing azönkíjënjën 3.91 the firefly 3. perhaps borrowed dzoké ny (Gbe ) agama 3.913 the chameleon 1. clearly borrowed gãma (Gbe ) 4. very little evidence for adömítö 3.92 the butterfly borrowing 4. very little evidence for atíti 3.93 the grasshopper borrowing kóla 3.94 the snail 1. clearly borrowed nkodya (Loango ) bése 3.95 the frog 2. probably borrowed bèsé (Gbe ) kaluwá 3.96 the lizard 1. clearly borrowed karu`wa (Carib ) akalé 3.97 the crocodile or alligator 1. clearly borrowed akare (Carib ) 4. very little evidence for gandí 3.97 the crocodile or alligator borrowing < “cayman” (Carib káima 3.97 the crocodile or alligator 1. clearly borrowed ) logoso 3.98 the turtle 1. clearly borrowed logozò (Gbe ) 4. very little evidence for bófo 3.99 the tapir borrowing gaánmbéti 3.99 the tapir 5. no evidence for borrowing sínkíi 4.11 the body 5. no evidence for borrowing casca (Suriname kákísa 4.12 the skin or hide 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) búba 4.12 the skin or hide 3. perhaps borrowed buba (Sranan ) mbéti 4.13 the flesh 5. no evidence for borrowing uwíi 4.14 the hair 5. no evidence for borrowing bía 4.142 the beard 5. no evidence for borrowing pluma (Suriname puúma 4.144 the body hair 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) buúu 4.15 the blood 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for akóni 4.15 the blood borrowing Source Words 4. very little evidence for nöngo 4.15 the blood borrowing 4. very little evidence for gadjabiá 4.15 the blood borrowing tatái 4.151 the vein or artery 5. no evidence for borrowing bónu 4.16 the bone 5. no evidence for borrowing bandjapapáíbónu 4.162 the rib 5. no evidence for borrowing tutú (2) 4.17 the horn 2. probably borrowed túutu (Loango ) rabo (Suriname lábu 4.18 the tail 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) báka (1) 4.19 the back 5. no evidence for borrowing bákámíndí 4.191 the spine 5. no evidence for borrowing hédi 4.2 the head 5. no evidence for borrowing hédíbónu 4.202 the skull 5. no evidence for borrowing töönso n 4.203 the brain 1. clearly borrowed tóonzo (Loango ) fési 4.204 the face 5. no evidence for borrowing fésímíndi 4.205 the forehead 5. no evidence for borrowing míndífési 4.205 the forehead 5. no evidence for borrowing agbapáu 4.207 the jaw 5. no evidence for borrowing bandjabúka 4.208 the cheek 5. no evidence for borrowing bandjajési 4.208 the cheek 5. no evidence for borrowing 4. very little evidence for agba 4.209 the chin borrowing olho (Suriname wójo 4.21 the eye 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) Unidentifiable wójólíbápúúma 4.212 the eyebrow 3. perhaps borrowed (Suriname Portuguese ) wójókókóo 4.213 the eyelid 5. no evidence for borrowing wójókókóópúúma 4.214 the eyelash 5. no evidence for borrowing fón wójo 4.215 to blink 5. no evidence for borrowing jési 4.22 the ear 5. no evidence for borrowing jésíbúka 4.221 the earlobe 5. no evidence for borrowing núsu 4.23 the nose 5. no evidence for borrowing núsúbáaku 4.231 the nostril 5. no evidence for borrowing catarro (Suriname katáu 4.232 the nasal mucus 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) boca (Suriname búka 4.24 the mouth 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) boca (Suriname búka 4.241 the beak 1. clearly borrowed Portuguese ) Unidentifiable búkákásíka 4.25 the lip 3. perhaps borrowed (Suriname Portuguese ) to ngö 4.26 the tongue 5. no evidence for borrowing tánda 4.27 the tooth 1. clearly borrowed tand/tanden (Dutch