Republic of South Africa ≠ EDICT OF GOVERNMENT ± In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. SANS 10366 (2012) (English): Health and safety at events - Requirements ISBN 978-0-626-26983-8 SANS 10366:2012 Edition 2.1 SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Health and safety at events — Requirements Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof  Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za  SABS SANS 10366:2012 Edition 2.1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Amdt 1 2012 Amended to update referenced standards, to correct cross- references, to change the title of a subclause in the clause on transport and traffic management and to replace the term 'fork lift trucks' with the term 'lift trucks', to delete a subclause in the clause on structures, to replace the term 'emergency care practitioners' with the term 'emergency care personnel', and to update general requirements for the medical facility in the clause on medical and emergency care management. Acknowledgement The SABS Standards Division wishes to acknowledge the valuable assistance derived from publications of the Technical Production Services Association (TPSA). Foreword This national standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 184, Health and safety at live events, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in March 2012. This document supersedes SANS 10366:2009 (edition 2). A vertical line in the margin shows where the document has been technically modified by amendment No. 1. This document is based on The event safety guide by the TPSA. Reference is made in clause 1 and 4.4 to the "relevant national legislation". In South Africa this means the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993) (as amended from time to time) and the National Sport and Recreation Act, 1998 (Act No. 110 of 1998) and its regulations (as amended from time to time). Reference is made in 3.15 to the "relevant national legislation". In South Africa this means section 8 of the National Sport and Recreation Act, 1998 (Act No. 110 of 1998) (as amended from time to time). Amdt 1 Reference is made in 3.21 to the "national regulating body". In South Africa this means the Engineering Council of South Africa. Amdt 1 Reference is made in 3.25(a) and (c) to the "relevant national regulating body". In South Africa this means the Health Professions Council of South Africa. Amdt 1 Reference is made in 3.25(b) to the "relevant national authority". In South Africa this means the Department of Labour. Amdt 1 Reference is made in 3.25(d) to the "relevant national body". In South Africa this means the Nursing Council of South Africa. Amdt 1 SANS 10366:2012 Edition 2.1 Reference is made in 4.1 to the "relevant national legislation". In South Africa this means the National Sport and Recreation Act, 1998 (Act No. 110 of 1998) and its regulations (as amended from time to time). Reference is made in 4.2.1, 4.3, 4.5.4, 4.7, 5.1(e), 5.11, 6.2, 7.1, 8.17, 12.15, 14.21.16, 16.3, 16.10, 19.2, 20.2, 27.10 and 27.12 to the "relevant national health and safety legislation". In South Africa this means the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993) (as amended from time to time). Reference is made in 12.5 to the "relevant national legislation on private security" In South Africa this means the Private Security Industry Regulation Act, 2001 (Act No. 56 of 2001) (as amended from time to time). Reference is made in 12.5 to the "relevant national legislation on criminal procedure". In South Africa this means the Criminal Procedure Act, 1977 (Act No. 51 of 1977) (as amended from time to time). Reference is made in 18.3 to the "relevant national legislation on food, catering and hygiene". In South Africa this means the Liquor Act, 1977 (Act No. 63 of 1977) (as amended from time to time). Reference is made in 23.4 to the "relevant national legislation". In South Africa this means the Explosives Act, 2003 (Act No. 15 of 2003) (as amended from time to time). Reference is made in 27.13 to the "relevant national healthcare body". In South Africa this means the Department of Health. Annexes A, B, C and D are for information only. 1 SANS 10366:2012 Edition 2.1 This page is intentionally left blank 2 SANS 10366:2012 Edition 2.1 Contents Page Acknowledgement Foreword Reference to legislation and by-laws 1 Scope .................................................................................................................................... 9 2 Normative references ........................................................................................................... 9 3 Definitions ............................................................................................................................. 10 4 Health and safety responsibilities ......................................................................................... 16 4.1 General ...................................................................................................................... 16 4.2 Organizing safe working conditions ........................................................................... 17 4.3 Duties of the site/venue owner ................................................................................... 17 4.4 National occupational health and safety legislation ................................................... 18 4.5 Duties of employers and contractors ......................................................................... 18 4.6 Duties of employees ................................................................................................... 18 4.7 The legal position of self-employed people ............................................................... 19 5 Safety planning for an event ................................................................................................. 19 5.1 Feasibility study ........................................................................................................... 19 5.2 The planning phases of an event ................................................................................ 20 5.3 Planning for the build-up ............................................................................................. 20 5.4 Pre-production ............................................................................................................. 21 5.5 Planning for the set-up ................................................................................................ 21 5.6 Planning for the event ................................................................................................. 21 5.7 Planning for post-event management ......................................................................... 22 5.8 Identification of required processes or services .......................................................... 22 5.9 Implementation ............................................................................................................ 22 5.10 Measurement and evaluations .................................................................................... 22 5.11 The role of the safety coordinator ............................................................................... 23 5.12 Auditing and reviewing safety performances .............................................................. 24 6 Risk assessment ................................................................................................................... 24 7 Planning and management ................................................................................................... 25 7.1 Health and safety planning ........................................................................................ 25 7.2 Health and safety policy .............................................................................................. 25 8 Venue and site design .......................................................................................................... 26 8.1 Capacity ..................................................................................................................... 26 8.2 Exits ........................................................................................................................... 26 8.3 Venue access ............................................................................................................. 27 8.4 Entrances ................................................................................................................... 27 8.5 Sight lines ................................................................................................................... 27 3 SANS 10366:2012 Edition 2.1 Contents (continued) Page 8.6 Video screens ............................................................................................................ 27 8.7 Seating/standing arrangements ................................................................................. 28 8.8 Slopes ........................................................................................................................ 28 8.9 Observation points ..................................................................................................... 28 8.10 Production infrastructure ............................................................................................ 28 8.11 Fire and medical precautions ..................................................................................... 28 8.12 Site workers ............................................................................................................... 28 8.13 Hospitality area .......................................................................................................... 29 8.14 Noise considerations .................................................................................................. 29 8.15 Catering and merchandising ...................................................................................... 29 8.16 Front-of-stage barriers ............................................................................................... 29 8.17 Signage ...................................................................................................................... 29 8.18 Public facilities ............................................................................................................ 30 8.19 Excess patrons ........................................................................................................... 30 8.20 Final site design ......................................................................................................... 30 9 Fire safety ............................................................................................................................. 30 9.1 Venue capacity and emergency evacuation .............................................................. 30 9.2 General principles of emergency evacuation ............................................................. 31 9.3 Buildings designed for indoor public assembly .......................................................... 31 9.4 Buildings not designed for indoor public assembly .................................................... 31 9.5 Sports stadiums ......................................................................................................... 32 9.6 Outdoor venues .......................................................................................................... 32 9.7 Stairways .................................................................................................................... 34 9.8 Ramps ........................................................................................................................ 35 9.9 Exits ........................................................................................................................... 35 9.10 Doors and escape routes ........................................................................................... 35 9.11 Fastenings on doors and gates .................................................................................. 35 9.12 Self-closing devices for fire doors .............................................................................. 36 9.13 Exit and directional signs ........................................................................................... 36 9.14 Normal and emergency lighting ................................................................................. 36 9.15 Fire-fighting equipment .............................................................................................. 37 9.16 Fire retardancy of curtains, drapes and other materials ............................................ 38 9.17 Artificial and dried foliage ........................................................................................... 38 9.18 Special risks ............................................................................................................... 38 9.19 Warning systems ........................................................................................................ 38 10 Incident planning (emergency planning) ............................................................................... 39 10.1 Major and minor incident planning ............................................................................. 39 10.2 Event risk assessment ............................................................................................... 41 10.3 Coordination of emergency services .......................................................................... 42 10.4 Venue operations centre (VOC) ................................................................................. 42 10.5 Emergency services vehicles ..................................................................................... 42 10.6 Voluntary agencies ..................................................................................................... 42 10.7 Bomb threats .............................................................................................................. 43 4 SANS 10366:2012 Edition 2.1 Contents (continued) Page 11 Communication ..................................................................................................................... 43 11.1 Communication and coordination .............................................................................. 43 11.2 Communication during the event planning phase ...................................................... 43 11.3 Preparation of key support documentation ................................................................ 43 11.4 Framework for handling the event ............................................................................. 44 11.5 Communication controls in the VOC/JOC ................................................................. 44 11.6 Off-site links ............................................................................................................... 45 11.7 Radio communication ................................................................................................ 45 11.8 Telephone equipment ................................................................................................ 46 11.9 Communication procedures ....................................................................................... 46 11.10 Message delivery and acknowledgement .................................................................. 46 11.11 Situation reports ......................................................................................................... 46 11.12 Alerting procedures .................................................................................................... 47 11.13 Regular updating ........................................................................................................ 47 11.14 Record-keeping .......................................................................................................... 48 11.15 Training, briefing and preparation .............................................................................. 48 11.16 Public information and communication ...................................................................... 48 12 Crowd management, crowd control and contingency planning ............................................ 49 12.1 Planning ..................................................................................................................... 49 12.2 Entry and exit of the attendees .................................................................................. 50 12.3 Opening time .............................................................................................................. 51 12.4 Crowd pressure at entrances ..................................................................................... 51 12.5 Body searching .......................................................................................................... 52 12.6 The pit ........................................................................................................................ 52 12.7 Late leavers ................................................................................................................ 52 12.8 Admission policies ...................................................................................................... 52 12.9 Facilities for people with special needs ..................................................................... 53 12.10 Opening entrances and arrangements for front-of-stage area .................................. 53 12.11 Ticketing ..................................................................................................................... 53 12.12 Police involvement ..................................................................................................... 54 12.13 Stewards and security personnel ............................................................................... 54 12.14 Conduct of stewards .................................................................................................. 55 12.15 Welfare of stewards .................................................................................................... 56 13 Transport and traffic management ........................................................................................ 56 13.1 Transport management .............................................................................................. 56 13.2 Traffic marshalling ...................................................................................................... 57 13.3 Buses ......................................................................................................................... 57 13.4 Vehicle access ........................................................................................................... 57 13.5 Parking ....................................................................................................................... 58 13.6 Emergency access ..................................................................................................... 58 13.7 Pedestrians ................................................................................................................ 58 13.8 On-site vehicle management and temporary roadways ............................................ 58 13.9 Lift trucks .................................................................................................................... 59 Amdt 1 13.10 Other vehicle used on-site ......................................................................................... 59 5 SANS 10366:2012 Edition 2.1 Contents (continued) Page 14 Structures .............................................................................................................................. 60 14.1 Temporary structures ................................................................................................. 60 14.2 Choosing the supplier ................................................................................................ 65 14.3 Design ........................................................................................................................ 66 14.4 Assembly and erection ............................................................................................... 66 14.5 Protecting against falling ............................................................................................ 67 14.6 Protection from falling objects .................................................................................... 67 14.7 Safe handling of loads ............................................................................................... 67 14.8 Dismantling ................................................................................................................ 68 14.9 Design concept and statement .................................................................................. 68 14.10 Construction drawings ............................................................................................... 68 14.11 Safety method statement ........................................................................................... 68 14.12 Certification ................................................................................................................ 68 14.13 Before admitting the audience ................................................................................... 69 14.14 Monitoring after erection ............................................................................................ 69 14.15 Public protection against falls .................................................................................... 69 14.16 Providing adequate lighting ........................................................................................ 69 14.17 Marking of obstructions and edges ............................................................................ 70 14.18 Altering of structures .................................................................................................. 70 14.19 Work near temporary structures ................................................................................ 70 14.20 Managing the loads .................................................................................................... 70 14.21 Roofs, stages, seating and platforms.......................................................................... 70 15 Barriers ................................................................................................................................. 76 15.1 General ...................................................................................................................... 76 15.2 Front-of-stage barrier ................................................................................................. 76 15.3 The pit ........................................................................................................................ 77 15.4 Construction of front-of-stage barriers ....................................................................... 77 15.5 Shape of the front-of-stage barriers ........................................................................... 78 15.6 Barrier around thrusts ................................................................................................ 78 15.7 Multiple-barrier systems ............................................................................................. 78 16 Planning for electrical installations and lighting .................................................................... 79 16.1 Electrical installation and lighting ............................................................................... 79 16.2 Planning ..................................................................................................................... 79 16.3 Installation .................................................................................................................. 79 16.4 Cabling ....................................................................................................................... 80 16.5 Electricity utility and cables ........................................................................................ 80 16.6 Access to electrical equipment .................................................................................. 80 16.7 Generators ................................................................................................................. 81 16.8 Electricity to the stage area and effects lighting ........................................................ 81 16.9 Normal lighting circuits ............................................................................................... 81 16.10 Emergency lighting circuits ........................................................................................ 82 16.11 Management of lighting circuits ................................................................................. 82 16.12 Lighting levels for emergency exits ............................................................................ 82 16.13 Portable electrical appliances .................................................................................... 82 6