Gafforov et al. • Rust Fungi from Uzbekistan STAPFIA 105 (2016): 161–175 Rust Fungi from the Fergana Valley, Chatkal and Kurama Mountain Ranges in Uzbekistan Y. Gafforov1, a. abdurazzokov2, M. Yarasheva3 & Y. ono4 Abstract: The paper contains preliminary results of rust fungal research conducted in the Fergana valley, Chatkal and Kurama mountain ranges in Uzbekistan. The results of these expeditions are several publications about the flora and mycobiota of the region. The literature review of publications about the study area showed no publication about rust fungi of this region. During our study, rusted and non-rusted specimens were collected, and we identified 95 species of rust fungi and 140 host plant species from the study area. The rust species belong to 7 genera and 3 families. The species richest and most widespread genera among the rust fungi are Puccinia and Uromyces. Most frequently they are infecting host plants of the families Compositae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, Leguminosae, Salicaceae, Apiaceae and Amaranthaceae. The list of rusts and their host plants in this area is provided. Among the studied taxa, Puccinia obtusata G.H. OttH ex E. FiscH. on Saccharum spontaneum L. and Uromyces kochiae syd. on Bassia prostrata (L.) BEck are newly reported for rust mycobiota of Uzbekistan and 6 new host-rust associations were recorded. 52 rust species are reported for the first time for the region and 23 species are reported for the second time. Zusammenfassung: Die Arbeit berichtet vorläufige Ergebnisse zur Rostpilz-Forschung im Fergana-Valley und den Chatkal- und Kurama-Gebirgszügen in Usbekistan. Über die Ergebnisse dieser Expeditionen wird in mehreren Publikationen zur Flora und zu den Mycobiota der Region berichtet. Literaturrecherchen ergaben bisher keine Publikationen zu den Rostpilzen dieser Region. Im Zuge unserer Forschungen wurden Rost- und nicht-Rostpilze gesammelt, wobei 95 Arten von Rostpilzen und 140 Wirtspflanzen identifiziert werden konnten. Die Rostpilze gehören zu 7 Gattungen und 3 Familien. Die häufigsten und artenreichsten Gattungen sind Puccinia und Uromyces. Am häufigsten kommen sie auf Wirtspflanzen der Familien Compositae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, Leguminosae, Salicaceae, Apiaceae und Amaranthaceae vor. Listen der Rostpilze mit ihren Wirtspflanzen werden angegeben. Unter den untersuchten Taxa wurden Puccinia obtusata G.H. OttH ex E. FiscH. auf Saccharum spontaneum L. und Uromyces kochiae syd. auf Bassia prostrata (L.) BEck als neu für die Mycobiota von Usbekistan identifiziert. und 6 neue Wirtspflanze-Rostpilz-Assoziationen wurden gefunden. 52 Rostpilzarten wurden erstmals für diese Region gefunden, 23 Arten sind Zweitfunde. Keywords: Central Asia, Basidiomycota, Pucciniales, biodiversity, new records, host plants, plant parasitic fungi.. Correspondence to: [email protected] 1Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of the Gene Pool of Plants and Animals, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 232 Bogishamol Street, Tashkent 100053, Uzbekistan 2Faculty of Natural Sciences, Andijan State University, 129 Universitet Street, Andijan, Uzbekistan 3Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 7B, A. Kadyri Street, Tashkent, 100128, Uzbekistan 4Laboratory of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310–8512, Japan STAPFIA: reports 161 Gafforov et al. • Rust Fungi from Uzbekistan STAPFIA 105 (2016): 161–175 InTRodUCTIon 1974, 1984, 2005; kArBOnskAyA 1969; kuprEvicH & uljAnisHEv 1975; uljAnisHEv 1978; HirAtsukA & sAtO 1982; rAmAZAnOvA The Fergana valley is a triangular intermountain basin of et al. 1986; cummins & HirAtsukA 2003; Flora of Uzbekistan about 25,000 km² in what is a dry part of Central Asia. Fergana 1953–1962; Conspectus florae Asiae Mediae 1968–1993; prA- valley is framed by the Tien Shan mountain ridges of Kurama tOv 1970). In this study, the taxonomic and nomenclatural basis and Chatkal in the northwest of Uzbekistan, by Fergana in the for rust fungi is Index Fungorum (2015) and for the host plants north-east, and by the Turkestan and Alai ridges in the south (Fig. ThePlantList (2015). The recently collected rust samples were 1). The basin is a major important agricultural center of Uzbeki- deposited at TASM (Mycological Herbarium of the Institute of stan and producer of cotton, fruits, and raw silk. The topography Gene Pool of Plants and Animals) Tashkent, Uzbekistan after of Fergana valley is mostly level; a large part of it is an ancient examination. terrace river of Syr-darya. In the central and western parts of the valley there are sands and calcium carbonate and gypsum soils. The climate is continental with hot and dry summers and low ReSUlTS annual precipitation, rains increasing in frequency in October, relatively warm autumns and cold winters with severe frosts in 95 species of rust fungi (Pucciniales) were reported from the December, January to -20 °C. In the valley there is a rich flowe- Fergana valley, and the Chatkal and Kuraman mountain ranges ring plant flora, with 2625 species of vascular plants according to the northwest of this valley in Uzbekistan from 1914 to 2011. to AriFxAnOvA (1967), and the vegetation consists of species ad- The rust species belong to 7 genera in 3 families. Fifty two of apted to arid conditions: halophytic, psammophilous, xerophy- these were recorded and collected for the first time during the tic gypsophilic, bush and subshrubs, and juniper, walnut, mixed present field study, 20 species were found only in the literature deciduous and coniferous forests, high alpine meadow plants. and 23 species were represented in both accounts. Among the rusts recorded, Puccinia (54 species) and Uromyces (21 species) It is known that richness of plant flora is an important factor are the species rich genera, followed by Phragmidium (7 spe- in the diversity of fungi. Rust fungi are a larger group of Mycota; cies), Melampsora (7 species), Gymnosporangium (3 species) belonging to a single order, the Pucciniales (AimE et al. 2006) and Aecidium (2 species), Miyagia (1 species). As a result of this with an estimated 14 families, 168 genera and approximately research carried out in the study area, Puccinia obtusata G.H. 7.000 species in the Basidiomycota (kirk et al. 2008) and are highly specialized obligate parasites of plants. Rust fungi infect OttH ex E. FiscH. on Saccharum spontaneum L. and Uromyces ferns, conifers and angiosperms, with a high proportion of spe- kochiae syd. on Bassia prostrata (L.) BEck are newly reported for rust mycobiota of Uzbekistan. 6 new host plants were also cies growing on monocots throughout the world. These fungi reported for the first time with 6 rust species in the host plant in- have a world-wide distribution and are known as serious disease dex of Uzbekistan and Central Asia: Phragmidium mucronatum agents of important agricultural crops as well as of wild and me- dicinal herbs. (pErs.) scHltdl. – on Rosa ecae AitcH., Puccinia poarum niEl- sEn – on Tussilago farfara L., Uromyces scutellatus (scHrAnk) Knowledge of fungal diversity and of fungal diseases is in- lév. – on Euphorbia esula L. (new rust-host combinations for complete even for Central Asian countries such as Uzbekistan. Uzbekistan) and Phragmidium rosae-lacerantis diEtEl – on However, our knowledge of the diversity of rust fungi from Rosa transturkestanica N. Russanov, Puccinia cousiniae p. syd. Central Asia is disappointing, despite of their economic impact & syd. – on Cousinia strobilocephala tscHErnEvA Et vvEd. and ecological potential. No serious efforts have ever been made (gloablly new rust-host combinations). to understand the biodiversity of plant pathogenic rust fungi in Puccinia is the most species–rich and widespread rust ge- the Fergana valley and adjacent regions. In contrast to the great nus in this region, frequently found on Compositae, Poaceae in number of publications dealing with the plant flora, few studies foothills and mountain areas; Uromyces species are found on Le- were carried out to document the microfungal biota of Fergana guminosae, Polygonaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Cyperaceae; spe- valley (ZAprOmEtOv 1925, 1926, 1928; GOlOvin 1950; kucHmi cies of the genus Gymnosporangium are found on Crataegus, 1970; rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986; sOliEvA & GAFFOrOv 2001, 2002; Cydonia, Malus, Cotoneaster trees. Phragmidium species are GAFFOrOv & Ono 2007; GAFFOrOv & yArAsHEvA 2011; GAFFO- found on Rosa, Rubus, Sanguisorba host species of Rosaceae, rOv 2002, 2005a, 2005b, 2010, 2015). The purpose of this study and species of the genus Melampsora on plants of the families is to provide a preliminary study of plant pathogenic rust fungi Salicaceae and Ephorbiaceae. Species of the genera Puccinia, from this region. Uromyces and Aecidium, mainly infected annual and biennial plants and those of Phragmidium, Gymnosporangium infected woodyshrubs. MATeRIAlS And MeThodS Rust fungi were discovered on 140 species of flowering During the intensive study of plant pathogenic/parasi- plants, belonging to 28 families and 92 genera. The host families tic fungi from north-eastern Uzbekistan, the first author (YG) with the greatest number of rust species were Compositae with collected rust fungi in the Fergana valley, Chatkal and Kurama 22 species (23%), Poaceae with 13 species (14%), Rosaceae mountain range in 2000–2002, and 2011. Rusted and non rusted with 10 (11%), Leguminosae with 7 (7%), Salicaceae with 6 plant specimens were pressed and dried individually between (6%) and Apiaceae with 5 (5%), representing 70% of all rust blotting papers and labelled. Dried specimens were examined species present in the study area (Tab. 1). The highest number of microscopically, and measured following standard methods. The rust species is reported in the following host genera: Artemisia rust specimens and their host plants were identified using the re- (5 species, 5.3%), Populus, Rosa (each 4; 4.2%), and Cirsium, levant literature (trAnscHEl 1939; nEvOdOvskiy 1956; AZBukinA Euphorbia, Hordeum and Triticum (each 3; 3.2%) (Tab. 1). 162 STAPFIA: reports Gafforov et al. • Rust Fungi from Uzbekistan STAPFIA 105 (2016): 161–175 Fig. 1: Map of Fergana valley. Chatkal and Kurama mountain ranges and route of mycological investigation Tab. 1: Number of rust species in the most representative host families and genera in the study area and percentages of total species number Num. of Num. of Host Family % Host Genera % rust spp. rust spp. Compositae 22 23 Artemisia 5 5.3 Poaceae 13 14 Populus 4 4.2 Rosaceae 10 11 Rosa 4 4.2 Leguminosae 7 7 Cirsium 3 3.2 Salicaceae 6 6 Euphorbia 3 3.2 Apiaceae 5 5 Hordeum 3 3.2 Amaranthaceae 4 4 Triticum 3 3.2 Subtotal 67 70 Subtotal 25 26.3 Other families (21) 28 30 Other genera (85) 70 73.7 Total 95 100 95 100 STAPFIA: reports 163 Gafforov et al. • Rust Fungi from Uzbekistan STAPFIA 105 (2016): 161–175 The most representative host familes are: Compositae (40 (CMR), Nanay VLG, 25 July 2002, YG, Pop district, KMR, near species in 22 genera: Artemisia-8, Cousinia-5, Cirsium-4), Po- to river Irgaylisoy, 6 July 2001, YG, Turaqurgon district, Quym- aceae (25 species in 18 genera: Hordeum-4, Poa-3, Triticum-2, azor VLG, 6 October 2001, YG, Kosonsoy district, Oqtepa VLG, Elytrigia spp., Lolium spp), Rosaceae (14 species in 7 genera: 5 October 2001, YG, Qorasuv VLG, 25 May 2002, YG, Chortoq Rosa-5, Cotoneaster-3, Crataegus spp) and Salicaceae (6 spe- district, Peshqurgon VLG, 26 May 2002, YG, Kushon VLG, 26 cies in 2 genera: Populus-3, Salix-3), Leguminosae 7 species July 2002, YG, Chust district, Gova VLG, KMR, 23 July 2002, belonging to 7 genera. YG; Andijan prov., Xo’jaobad, 3 otr. Sovxoza, 25 July 1950, Among the rust fungi species found in the study area 73 spe- (GOlOvin 1950; kuprEvicH & trAnZscHEl 1957); Fergana prov., cies have incomplete life cycles and 22 species have complete 04 August 1914–1924, 28 May 1949, (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1989). life cycles. The most widespread types of development stage in Note: This species is widespread and the host plants are heav- all elevation zones are: Hemi-cyclic 30 species, 32%; Eu-cyclic ily infected in the study region. Its distribution ranges from the 22, 23% and Brachy-cyclic 19, 20%; Micro-cycle 11, 12%; Op- plains to mountain areas. si-cycle 7, 7% and with Endo-cyclic development represented by 6 species; 6% (Tab. 2). ¤M. microspora trAnZscHEl & ErEm., in trAnZscHEl, Conspec- tus Uredinalium URSS: 155 (1939) Sixty of the rust fungi found are of the single-host (autoe- cious) type and the remaining 35 are of the many-host (hete- On Populus euphratica OliviEr, Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Mingbuloq district, Oqqum desert, 02 July 2001, YG roecious) type. Most of the autoecious species are in the genera Puccinia Uromyces and Phragmidium. Note: First time record on Populus euphratica from Uzbeki- stan. As a result of this study carried out in Fergana valley seve- ral rusts of economic importance and widespread species were ¤M. populina (jAcq.) lév., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3 8: 375 found (Tab. 3). These rust fungi were collected from medicinal (1847). and cultivated plants that have been commercialized. Some of these plants and their parasitic diseases are already widespread: On Populus alba L., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Uychi Melampsora euphorbiae (Ficinus & c. scHuB.) cAstAGnE, M. district, Qizilrovot VLG, 5 Nov 2000,YG.. populina (jAcq.) lév., Puccinia striiformis WEstEnd., P. cousi- ^M. populnea (pErs.) p. kArst., Bidr. Känn. Finl. Nat. Folk 31: niae, P. absinthii DC., P. recondita diEtEl & HOlW., P. calci- 53 (1879). trapae DC., P. carthami cOrdA, Gymnosporangium confusum plOWr., G. fusisporum E. FiscH., Phragmidium mucronatum On Populus alba, Uzbekistan: Fergana prov., Fergana (pErs.) scHltdl., Ph. devastatrix Sorokīn, Ph. sanguisorbae district, Shohimardonsoy, 9 Jul 1950 (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1989). (dc.) j. scHröt. ¤^M. pruinosae trAnZscHEl, in trAnZscHEl & sErEBriAnikOW, Mycotheca rossica, Fascicle 6 & 7: no. 265 (1912). lIST oF 95 SPeCIeS oF RUST FUngI FRoM STUdy On Populus alba, P. pruinosa scHrEnk, Uzbekistan: Na- mangan prov., Mingbuloq district, Alami desert, 29 Sep 2000, AReA YG; Yangiqurgon district, Kuksaroy dam olish maskani, CMR, Distributional novelties are indicated as: 30 June 2001, YG; Fergana prov., 28 May 1949 (rAmAZAnOvA ● new record for Uzbekistan et al. 1989). ¤ first time record for the study area Note: Melampsora species on Populus spp are similar mor- ¤^ reported from field and in the literature phologically or putative. For instance M. pruinosae urediniospo- ^reported only in the literature res and teliospores differ from European species. It is necessary to conduct molecular studies in Central Asia. Melampsoraceae ¤M. salicina dEsm., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3 8: 375 (1847). On Salix alba L, Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Mingbuloq Melampsora Castagne district, Xorazm, 17 July 2000, YG. ¤^M. caprearum tHüm. [as ‘capraearum’], Mitt. Ver. Österr. 2: 34, 36 (1879). Phragmidiaceae On Salix triandra L., Salix sp., Uzbekistan: Fergana valley, Namangan prov., Pop district, Dugop village (VLG), Kurama Phragmidium Link. mountain range (KMR), 26 September 2001, Yu.Sh. Gafforov (YG); Fergana prov., Quqon district (ZAprOmEtOv 1924–1926; ^Ph. bulbosum (Fr.) scHltdl., Fl. berol. (Berlin) 2: 156 (1824). rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1989) On Rubus idaeus L., Uzbekistan: Fergana prov., 1914–1924 (ZAprOmEtOv 1925, 1926, 1928). ¤^M. euphorbiae (Ficinus & c. scHuB.) cAstAGnE, Observ. Uréd. 2: 18 (1843). ¤Ph. devastatrix Sorokīn, Bull. Soc. Imp. nat. Moscou 59 (1–2): On Euphorbia esula L., E. esula subsp. tommasiniana (BEr- 203 (1884). tOl.) kuZmAnOv, E. helioscopia L., E. turkestanica rEGEl, Uz- On Rosa ecae AitcH., R. fedtschenkoana rEGEl, Uzbekistan: bekistan: Namangan prov., Yangiqurgon district, river of Pod- Namangan prov., Yangiqurgon district, Nanay VLG, CMR, 10 shootasoy flood plain, 30 June 2001, YG, Chatkal mountain range May 2000, 29 April 2001, 25 May 2002, YG. 164 STAPFIA: reports Gafforov et al. • Rust Fungi from Uzbekistan STAPFIA 105 (2016): 161–175 Tab. 2: Distribution of rust fungi according to cycles of development Developmental stage No. of Genus Eu- Brachy- Hemi- Opsi- Micro- Endo- rust spp. form form form form form form Aecidium - - - - - 2 2 Gymnosporangium - - - 3 - - 3 Melampsora 1 - 6 - - - 7 Miyagia - 1 - - - - 1 Phragmidium 6 - - 1 - 7 Puccinia 11 17 11 2 10 3 54 Uromyces 4 1 13 2 - 1 21 Total 22 19 30 7 11 6 95 % 23 20 32 7 12 6 100 Tab. 3: Rust species collected on medicinal and cultivated plants in the study area Rust species Host species Gymnosporangium confusum Crataegus pseudoheterophylla subsp. turkestanica Gymnosporangium fusisporum Cotoneaster sp., C. oliganthe, C. pseudomultiflorus, Cydonia oblonga Phragmidium mucronatum Rosa sp., R. ecae, R. beggeriana Melampsora euphorbiae Euphorbia esula, E. esula subsp. tommasiniana, E. helioscopia Puccinia absinthii Artemisia absinthium, A. ferganensis, A. annua, Mausolea eriocarpa Puccinia calcitrapae Cirsium sp., C. alatum, C. vulgare L., C. arvense, Picnomon acarna Puccinia carthami Carthamus oxyacantha, Centaurea virgata subsp. squarrosa, C. iberica, Rhaponticum repens, Stizolophus balsamita, Puccinia cousiniae Cousinia sp., C. microcarpa, C. strobilocephala, C. umbrosa, C. vicaria Puccinia graminis Aegilops sp., Avena sativa, A. sterilis subsp. ludoviciana, Berberis oblonga, B. vulgaris, Hordeum murinum, Poa bulbosa, Triticum aestivum Puccinia recondita Elymus repens, Lolium sp., Thalictrum minus, Triticum aestivum, Puccinia striiformis Bromus sterilis, Calamagrostis pseudophragmites, Hordeum bulbosum, H. murinum subsp. leporinum, H. vulgare, Lolium sp., Triticum vulgaris, T. aestivum Puccinia cnici Cirsium sp., C. arvense, C. vulgare, Uromyces rumicis Rumex sp., R. aquaticus STAPFIA: reports 165 Gafforov et al. • Rust Fungi from Uzbekistan STAPFIA 105 (2016): 161–175 Fig. 2: Phragmidium mucronatum on Rosa sp. (Urediniospores: A. on the upper leaf surface, B. on the lower surface; Puccinia graminis on Berberis oblonga (Aeciospores: C. on the upper leaf surface, d. On the lower surface of barberry leaves); Puccinia longirostris on Lonicera humilis (Teliospores: F. on the upper leaf surface, g. lower leaf surface). Photographs by Yusufjon Gafforov. 166 STAPFIA: reports Gafforov et al. • Rust Fungi from Uzbekistan STAPFIA 105 (2016): 161–175 Fig. 3: Gymnosporangium fusisporum on Cotoneaster pseudomultiflorus (rust: A. on the upper leaf surface with other fungal spot, B. on the lower surface); Gymnosporangium confusum on Crataegus pseudoheterophylla subsp. turkestanica (C. on the upper and lower leaf surface); Puccinia cal- citrapae on Cirsium sp. (d. On the upper surface of host leaves); Puccinia eremuri on Eremurus regelii ( F. on the upper leaf surface with dark brown color); Puccinia cousiniae on Cousinia umbrosa (G. on the lower leaf surface). Photographs by Yusufjon Gafforov. STAPFIA: reports 167 Gafforov et al. • Rust Fungi from Uzbekistan STAPFIA 105 (2016): 161–175 ¤^Ph. mucronatum (pErs.) scHlEcHt. Fl. berol. (Berlin) 2: 156 ¤G. fusisporum E. FiscH., Mitt. naturf. Ges. Bern 3: 58 (1918). (1824). On Cotoneaster sp., C. oliganthe pOjArk., C. pseudomulti- On Rosa ecae., R. beggeriana scHrEnk Ex FiscH.& c.A.mEy, florus pOpOv, Cydonia oblonga mill., Uzbekistan: Namangan Rosa sp., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Pop district, Qandagon prov., Pop district, KMR, Dugob VLG, 27 September 2001, YG, VLG, KMR, 05 May 2000, YG; Andijan prov., river Qorasuv, Yangiqurgon district, Nanay VLG, CMR, 30 June 2001, 25 May 04 July 1948, (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986); CMR, 07 June 2011, 2002, 25 July 2002, YG, Kosonsoy district, Qorasuv VLG, 26 Fig. 2 (A, B), YG. May 2002, YG; CMR, 01 June 2011, Fig. 3 (A, B), YG. Note: First report of this rust species on Rosa ecae in Uzbe- Note: The rust species is heavily infecting Cotoneaster spp. in kistan. mountain areas. ¤Ph. rosae-lacerantis diEtEl, Hedwigia 44: 336 (1905). ¤G. tremelloides r. HArtiG, Lehrb. Baumkrankh.: 55 (1882). On Rosa transturkestanica n.F. russAnOv, Rosa sp., Uz- On Malus domestica BOrkH., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., bekistan: Namangan prov., Chust district, KMR, Dustlik bolalar Norin district, Norinkapa VLG, 30 September 2001, YG. dam olish lageri, 27 April 2001, 20 July 2001, 23 July 2002, YG, Yangiqurgon district, CMR, Nanay VLG, 30 June 2001, YG. Note: First report of this rust on Rosa transturkestanica in Miyagia Miyabe Central Asia. Many Phragmidium species on Rosa spp. are smi- lar by morphology. That is why it is nessasary to do molecular ¤M. pseudosphaeria (mOnt.) jørst., Nytt Mag. Bot. 9: 78 (1962) studies of this genus in the region. On Sonchus sp., S. transcaspicus nEvski, Uzbekistan: Na- mangan prov., Uychi district, Qizilrovot VLG, 11 May 2000, ¤^Ph. rubi-idaei (dc.) p. kArst., Bidr. Känn. Finl. Nat. Folk 31: YG, Kosonsoy district, Soyovul VLG, 08 May 2000, YG, 52 (1879). Turaqurgon district, Kuymazor VLG, 24 April 2001 April 2001, On Rubus caesius L., R. idaeus L., Uzbekistan: Namangan YG, Norin district, Uchtepa VLG, 14 May 2000, YG. prov., Namangan district, Shurqishloq, 05 August 2000, YG, Note: This rust species is collected only during spring (April, Chust district, KMR, Gova VLG, 23. May 2002, 23 July 2002, May) in the study region. YG, Yangiqurgon district, CMR, Kuksaroy dam olish maskani, 30 June 2001, YG, Pop district, Dugob VLG, KMR, 29 April 2001, 17 July 2002, YG; Fergana prov., 1922–1924, (ZAprO- Puccinia Pers. mEtOv 1925, 1926, 1926). ¤^P. absinthii (HEdW. t.) d.c., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 8: 245 ¤^Ph. sanguisorbae (dc.) j. scHröt. in Cohn, Krypt.-Fl. Schle- (1808)=Puccinia chrysanthemi rOZE, Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr. 16: sien (Breslau) 3.1(17–24): 352 (1887) [1889]. 92 (1900). On Sanguisorba minor scOp., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., On Artemisia absinthium L., A. ferganensis krAscH., A. Yangiqurgon district, CMR, Nanay dam olish maskani, 10 May annua L., Mausolea eriocarpa (BunGE) pOljAkOv Ex pOdlEcH, 2000; 30 June 2001, 25 July 2002, YG, Chust district, Kaukli- Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Uychi district, Qizilrovot VLG, kqurgon VLG, near to Choyxona, 02 May 2000, 23 July 2002, 11 May 2000, YG, near school, 24 July 2000, YG, Yangiqurgon YG, Uchqurgon district, “Katta fargona” kanali, 29 April 2001, district, CMR, Nanay VLG, 10 October 2001, YG, 25 July 2002, YG, in this district, 4-bulim, 29 May 2002, YG; Fergana prov., YG, Mingbuloq district, Alami VLG, 03 May 2000, YG, Oqqum Janubiy fargona kanali, 8 July 1949 (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986). VLG, 17 July 2000, YG, 23 November 2000, YG, Norin district, Note: The rust species is widespread from foothills to high Norinkapa VLG, 30 September 2001, YG, 28 July 2002, YG, moutains in the study area and heavily infecting the host plants. Pop district, KMR, near river Sansaloqsoy, 18 July 2000, YG, Dugob VLG, 03 May 2002, YG, 17 July 2002, YG, Uchqurgon ¤Ph. tuberculatum j.mill., Ber. dt. bot. Ges. 3: 391 (1885). district, 4-bulim, 24 July 2000, YG, 27 July 2002, YG; Fergana On Rosa sp., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Yangiqurgon prov., Fergana district, river Shohimardon, 15 June 1949, 03 July district, CMR, Nanay VLG, 30 June 2001, YG. 1950, (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986), Gorchenko, 07 June 1949, (rA- mAZAnOvA et al. 1986). Note: The rust species is widespread and the distribution co- Puccinaceae vers different ecozones of Artemisia spp. in Uzbekistan. Gymnosporangium Hedw. ¤P. acroptili p. syd. & syd., Monogr. Uredin. (Lipsiae) 1(1): 4 ¤G. confusum plOWr., Monograph Brit. Ured.: 232 (1889). (1902) [1904]. On Crataegus pseudoheterophylla subsp. turkestanica (pO- On Rhaponticum repens (L.) HidAlGO, Uzbekistan: Na- jArk.) k.i.cHr., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Yangiqurgon mangan prov., Kosonsoy district, Chortoq foothills, Qozoqovul district, CMR, Kuksaroy dam olish maskani, 29 April 2001, 30 VLG, 22 July 2000, YG, Oqtepa VLG, 05 October 2001, YG, June 2001, 25 May 2002, YG, Nanay VLG, 10.May 2000, YG; Qorasuv VLG, 24 July 2002, YG, Pop district, KMR, Dugob Chatkal range of Tashkent prov. side, 15 May 2011, Fig. 3 (C), VLG, 27 September 2001, YG, Yangiqurgon district, CMR, YG. Nanay VLG, 01 October 2010, YG, Chust district, KMR, Gova VLG, 23 July 2002, YG. Note: This rust is heavily infecting Crataegus pseudohetero- phylla subsp. turkestanica at about 50%. Note: The rust species is heavily infecting the host plants. 168 STAPFIA: reports Gafforov et al. • Rust Fungi from Uzbekistan STAPFIA 105 (2016): 161–175 ^P. aphanicondra lindr., Acta Soc. Sci. fenn. 22: 86 (1902). Note:The rust species widespread and heavily infecting the On Ligusticum discolor lEdEB., Uzbekistan: Namangan host plants in various genera of Compositae. prov., Yangiqurgon district, Podsho-otasoy, 01 July 1925, (rA- mAZAnOvA et al. 1986). ¤P. cesatii j. scHröt., in cOHn, Beitr.Biol. Pfl. 3: 70 (1879). On Bothriochloa ischaemum (L) kEnG., Uzbekistan: Na- ¤P. artemisiicola p. syd. & syd., Monogr. Uredin. (Lipsiae) 1(1): mangan prov., Yangiqurgon district, CMR, Nanay VLG, 22 July 14 (1902) [1904]. 2000, YG, 25 July 2002, YG. On Artemisia tenuisecta nEvski, Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Pop district, KMR, Dugob VLG, Omon dacha, 29 Sep- ^P. chondrillina BuBák & syd., Öst. bot. Z. 51: 17 (1901). tember 2001, YG. On Chondrilla lejosperma kAr. & kir., Uzbekistan: Andi- jan prov., Qorasuv, 09 July 1949, (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986). ¤P. bardanae (WAllr.) cOrdA, Icon. fung. (Prague) 4: 17 (1840) =Puccinia calcitrapae DC., in lAmArck & dE cAndOllE, Fl. ¤P. cinae trAnZscHEl & kuprEv., Acta Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. franç., Edn 3 (Paris) 2: 221 (1805). USSR Plant. Crypt., Ser. II 2: 406 (1935) On Arctium tomentosum mill., Uzbekistan: Namangan On Artemisia serotina BunGE, A. tenuisecta nEvski., Uzbe- prov., Chust district, KMR, Gova VLG, 23 Mar. 2002, YG. kistan: Namangan prov., Uchqurgon district, Quvgay VLG, 26 June 2001, YG, Turaqurgon district, Kuymazor VLG, 30 April ^P. bistortae (F. strAuss) dc., in dE cAndOllE & lAmArck, Fl. 2001, YG. franç., Edn 3 (Paris) 6: 61 (1815). On Persicaria bistorta (L.) sAmp., Olovuddinsoy, 06 July ¤^P. cnici H. mArt., Prodr. Fl. Mosq., Edn 2: 227 (1817). 1950, (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986). On Cirsium sp., C. arvense (L.) scOp., C. vulgare (sAvi) tEn., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Norin district, Uchtepa ¤P. calcitrapae DC., in lAmArck & dE cAndOllE, Fl. franç., Edn VLG, 25 July 2000, YG, 28 June 2001, YG, Chust district, Pop- 3 (Paris) 2: 221 (1805). Chust foothills, Kaklikqurgon VLG, 17 July 2000, YG, KMR, On Picnomon acarna (L.) cAss.,Cirsium alatum (s.G.GmEl) Gova VLG, 23 July 2002, YG, Pop district, KMR, Dugob VLG, BOBr., C. vulgare L., C. arvense (L.) scOp., Cirsium sp., Uz- 27 September 2001, YG; Fergana prov., 18 May 1949, (rAmAZA- bekistan: Namangan prov., Chust district, KMR, East side of nOvA et al. 1986), Muyan savxozi, 26 June 1950, (rAmAZAnOvA mountain in Gova VLG, 27 July 2001, YG, 23 July 2002, YG, et al. 1986). Uchqurgon district, 4-bulim, 29 April 2001, YG, 27 July 2002, YG, Yangiqurgon district, CMR, Nanay VLG, 01 October 2001, ¤P. conferta diEtEl & HOlW., in diEtEl, Erythea 1: 250 (1893) YG, 25 July 2002, YG, Cortoq district, Peshqurgon VLG, 29 On Artemisia vulgaris L., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., July 2001, YG, 26 May 2002, YG, Turaqurgon distrct, Kuyma- Norin district, Norinkapa VLG, 28 May 2002, YG, Turaqurgon zor VLG, 12 May 2002, YG, Norin district, Norinkapa VLG, 28 district, Kuymazor VLG, 12 May 2002, YG, Kosonsoy district, July 2002, YG; CMR, 08 June 2011, Fig. 3 (D), YG. Qorasuv VLG, 26 June 2002,YG. Note: this rust species is widespread in the study region and strongly infects Cirsium spp. from desert to mountain areas. It ¤P. cousiniae p. syd.&syd., Monogr. Uredin. (Lipsiae) 1(1): 62 was also reported on Cirsium esculentum (siEv.) c.A.mEy. in (1902) [1904]. Uzbekistan. (pAnFilOvA & GApOnEnkO 1963). On Cousinia sp., C. microcarpa BiOss., C. vicaria nulF., ¤P. caricina DC., in dE cAndOllE & lAmArck, Fl. franç., Edn 3 C. strobilocephala tscHErn. Et vvEd., C. umbrosa BunGE., Uz- (Paris) 5/6: 60 (1815). bekistan: Namangan prov., Chust district, Dam VLG, 07 May 2000, YG, Norin district, Uchtepa VLG, 14 May 2000, YG, Pop On Carex sp., C. viridula micHx., Uzbekistan: Namangan district, KMR, near to river of Indigaysoy, 08 April 2001, YG, prov., Uchqurgon district, Qugay VLG, 29 May 2002, YG, Koson- right side of river Qandagonsoy, Qizilqurt Mountain, 17 July 02, soy district, Chatkal foothills, Qorasuv VLG, 24 July 2002, YG. YG, CMR, 07 June 2011, Fig. 3 (G), YG. Note: The rust species mainly occur on Carex spp. in the Note: First report of this rust on Cousinia strobilocephala in Northern hemisphere; however, there are several Puccinia spe- Central Asia. cies reported on Cyperaceae from Taiwan (kuO & cHEn 1999). It appears that the rusts have a wide geographical distribution in ^P. cyani pAss., in rABEnHOrst, Fungi europ. exsicc.: no. 1767 Asia. (1874). ¤^P. carthami cOrdA, Icon.fung. (Prague) 4: 15 (1840). On Cyanus depressus (m.BiEB.) sOják, Uzbekistan: Fargana On Centaurea virgata subsp. squarrosa (BOiss.) GuGlEr, prov., BFK, 06 June 1949, (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986). C. iberica trEv.Ex sprEnG., Rhaponticum repens (L.) HidAlGO, Stizolophus balsamita (lAm.) k.kOcH, Carthamus oxyacantha ¤^P. cynodontis lAcrOix Ex dEsm., Pl. Crypt. Nord France, 3 Edn: no. 655 (1859) m.BiEB., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Yangiqurgon district, CMR, Nanay VLG, 25 July 2002, YG, Chust district, KMR, Gova On Plantago lanceolata L., Cynodon dactylon (L.) VLG, 28 July 2002, YG; Fergana prov., 16–20 May 1949, 10 Au- pErs.,Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Uychi district, Qizilrovot gust 1950, (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986); Andijon prov., 02 July 1955, VLG, 11. May 2000, YG, Kosonsoy district, Qorasuv VLG, 24 (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986), near to Andijon railway, 06 June 1949, July 2002, YG; Fergana prov., 20 June 1950 (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 12 July 1949, 07 July 1949 (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986). 1986). STAPFIA: reports 169 Gafforov et al. • Rust Fungi from Uzbekistan STAPFIA 105 (2016): 161–175 Note: This rust species is widespread on Cynodon dacty- Note: This rust species is widespread and infected Cichorium lon in all ecological zones. We reported O–I of the rust on Plan- intybus heavily in the study area; the second collection of this tago lanceolata L. from study site. rust species on Taraxacum brevirostre, the first collection was in 1949 in the Fergana valley. ¤P. dactylidina BuBák, Annls mycol. 3(3): 219 (1905). ¤^P. hordei G.H. OttH, Mitt. naturf. Ges. Bern 711–744: 114 On Dactylis glomerata L., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., (1871) [1870] Yangiqurgon district, CMR, Nanay VLG, 25 July 2002, YG.. On Hordeum murinum L., H. vulgare L., Uzbekistan: Na- ^P. dictyospora trAnZscHEl, Acta Soc. Sci. fenn. 22: 48 (1902). mangan prov., KMR, Chodak VLG, 06 May 2000,YG; Fergana On Elaeosticta hirtula (rEGEl & scHmAlH.) kljuykOv, pi- prov., 1912–1924, (ZAprOmEtOv 1925, 1926, 1928; rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986). mEnOv & v.n. tikHOm., Uzbekistan: Andijon prov., Andijon rail- way, 06 June 1949, (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986). Note: It is the second collection from the study site on Hordeum murinum and previously collected on H. vulgare in 1912–1924. ¤P. dracunculina Fahrend., Annls mycol. 39(2/3): 181 (1941). On Artemisia dracunculus L., A. absinthiucum L., Uzbeki- ¤P. hyperici GOlOvin, Centr. Asian Univ. Stud., N.S. 14(no. 5): 13 (1950) stan: Namangan prov., Pop district, KMR, Qandagon VLG, 18 July 2000, YG, Yangiqurgon district, CMR, Nanay VLG, 29 On Hypericum perforatum L., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., April 2001, 29 April 2001, YG. Chust district, KMR, Dustlik dam olish lageri, 10 July 2001, YG,Uychi district, Qizilrovot VLG, 14 May 2000, YG. ¤^P. echinopis DC., in dE cAndOllE & lAmArck, Fl. franç., Edn 3 (Paris) 5/6: 57 (1815). ¤P. iridis WAllr., in rABEnHOrst, Deutschl. Krypt.-Fl. (Leipzig) 1: 23 (1844) On Echinops sp., Echinops karatavicus rEGEl & scHmAlH., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Kosonsoy district, Soyovul VLG, On Iris halophila var. sogdiana (BunGE) GruBOv, Uzbeki- 08. May 2000,YG, Pop district, KMR, Dugob VLG, 17 July stan: Namangan prov., Yangiqurgon district, CMR, Kuksaroy 2002, YG, Fergana prov., 1923, (ZAprOmEtOv 1925, 1926; rA- dam olish maskani, 29 April 2001, YG,25 July 2002,YG. mAZAnOvA et al. 1986). ^P. isiacae (tHüm.) G. WintEr, in kunZE, Plantae orient-ross.: ¤P. eremuri kOmArOv, Scripta Bot. Horti Univ. Imper. Petrop.: 127 (1887). 30 (1895). On Lepidium latifolium L., Uzbekistan: Fargana valley, Na- On Eremurus regelii vvEd., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., mangan prov., 1924, (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986); Fergana prov., Pop district, Guliston VLG, 17 July 2002, YG; CMR , 08 June south Fergana kanali, 06 June 1949, (rAmAZAnOvA et al. 1986). 2011, Figure 3 (F), YG. ¤P. komarovii trAnZscHEl Ex p. syd. & syd. [as ‚komarovi‘], ¤^P. graminis pErs., Neues Mag. Bot. 1: 119 (1794). Monogr. Uredin. (Lipsiae) 1(3): 451 (1903) [1904]. On Triticum aestivum L., Hordeum murinum L., Aegilops On Impatiens parviflora DC., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., sp., Avena sativa L., A. sterilis subsp. ludoviciana (duriEu) Pop district, KMR, Qandagon VLG 26 September 2000, YG, GillEt & mAGnE, Poa bulbosa L., Berberis oblonga (rGl.) Dugob VLG, 03 May 2002, YG. scHnEid., B. vulgaris L., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Uchqur- gon district, Qugay VLG, 13 May 2000, YG, Chortoq district, ^P. leveillei mOnt., in GAy, Hist. fis. y polit. Chile, Bot. 8: 41 (1852) Chortoq foothills, Iskovot VLG, 11 May 2000, YG, Kosonsoy On Geranium collinum stEpHAn Ex Willd., Uzbekistan: district, Soyovul VLG, 9 May 2000, 26 May 2002, YG, Tura- Fergana prov., Ollovuddinsoy, 03 July 1950 (rAmAZAnOvA et al. qurgon district, Yangiobod VLG, 03 April 2001 April 2001, YG, 1986). Yangiqurgon district, CMR, Nanay VLG, 30 June 2001, YG, Chust district, KMR, Gova VLG, 23 May 2002, YG, Fergana ¤P. longirostris kOm., Fungi Rossiae Exsicc.: no. 57 (1895). prov., 1912–1924, (ZAprOmEtOv 1925, 1926, 1928; rAmAZAnOvA On Lonicera humilis kAr. & kir., Uzbekistan: Namangan et al. 1986); CMR, 07 June 2011, Fig. 2 (C, D), YG. prov., Yangikurgon district, CMR, Nanay VLG, 01 October Note: We collected the rust on the alternate host Berberis spp 2001, YG; CMR, 08 June 2011, Fig. 2 (F, G), YG. in spring and summer, it heavily infected the hosts. Note: The rust occurred together with Мicrosphaera lonicerae (DC.) Wint rABEnH.on leavs of Lonicera humilis. ¤^P. hieracii (Röhl.) H. Mart., Prodr. Fl. Mosq., Edn 2: 227 (1817) On Cichorium intybus L., Taraxacum officinale WEGG., T. ¤P. magnusiana kOErn., Hedwigia 15: 179 (1876). brevirostre HAnd.-mAZZ., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Chor- On Phragmites australis (cAv.) trin. Et stEnd., Uzbekistan: toq district, Peshqurgon VLG, 29 June 2001, YG, Chust district, Namangan prov., Chortoq district, Peshqurgon VLG in water- KMR, Dustlik dam olish lageri, 10 July 2001, YG, Gova VLG, course, 23 July 2000,YG 23 May 2002, YG, Yangiqurgon district, Kuksaroy dam olish Note: Only one collection from the foothills. maskani, 30 June 2001, YG, Nanay VLG, 25 July 2002, YG, Norin district, Norinkapa VLG, inside Kattabog, 28 June 2001, ¤^P. malvacearum mOnt., Hist. fis.y polit. Chile, Bot. 8: 43 (1852). YG, Pop district, KMR, Dugob VLG, 17 July 2002, YG; Ferga- On Malva neglecta WAllr., Malva sp., Althaea nudiflora na prov., Fergana district, Shahimardan, 15 June 1949, (rAmA- lindl., Uzbekistan: Namangan prov., Pop district, KMR, Cho- ZAnOvA et al. 1986). dak VLG, 06 May 2000, YG, Dugob VLG, 29 September 2001, 170 STAPFIA: reports