----- HTAIPE1A MAKEAONIKfîN inOYAON 68 IAPYMA MEAETftN XEPZONHZÔY TOY AIMOY 68 RUSSIAN INTERESTS IN PALESTINE 1882 1914 - A STUDY OF RELIGIOUS AND EDUCATIONAL ENTERPRISE BY THEOFANIS GEORGE STAVROU UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA INSTITUTE FOR BALKAN STUDIES THE S SALONI KI 19 6 3 DEDICATED TO THE MEMORY OF MY FATHER GEORGE STAVROU (TSIPLAKI) This book was the winner of a Mcknight Foundation Humanities Award for 1Ô62 In this land of the Crusades, where the different nations and religious denomina­ tions are perpetually clashing in rivalry, Russia, the latest come, has already secured a place all her own, as the champion of Orthodoxy. If ever .the Moscovite eagle should dip its wings in the waters of the Mediterranean, these peaceful hordes may help open the way for the conquest of the new crusaders. ANATOLE LEROT-BEAULIEU TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface 3 Chapter 1 The Historical Background 7 Chapter 2 The Russian Ecclesiastical Missions 25 Chapter 3 Founding the Russian Orthodox Palestine Society ' . 57 Chapter 4 Good Works : The Orthodox Palestine Society from 1882 to 1889 87 Chapter 5 Triumph and Transformation 115 Chapter. 6 The Palestine Society, 1889 -1900 : Part One 129 Chapter 7 The Palestine Society, 1889-1900: Part Two 149 Chapter 8 Last Phase, 1900-1914 171 Conclusion. 205 Appendices 217 Bibliography 221 Index 243