REVOLUTION AND DISENCHANT- MENT Theory in Forms A Series Edited by Nancy Rose Hunt and Achille Mbembe REVOLUTION AND Arab Marxism and the Binds of Emancipation DISENCHANT- MENT Fadi A. Bardawil Duke University Press Durham and London 2020 © 2020 Duke University Press. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of Amer i ca on acid- free paper ∞ Cover designed by Drew Sisk Typeset in Garamond Premier Pro by Westchester Publishing Services Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Bardawil, Fadi A., [date] author. Title: Revolution and disenchantment : Arab Marxism and the binds of emancipation / Fadi A. Bardawil. Description: Durham : Duke University Press, 2020 | Series: Theory in forms | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: lccn 2019028452 (print) lccn 2019028453 (ebook) isbn 9781478006169 (hardcover) isbn 9781478006756 (paperback) isbn 9781478007586 (ebook) Subjects: lcsh: New Left—Lebanon—History. | Socialism—Lebanon—History. | Lebanon—Politics and government—1946– Classification: lcc hx378.a6 b37 2020 (print) | lcc hx378.a6 (ebook) | ddc 320.53/15095692—dc23 lc record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019028452 lc ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019028453 Cover art: Socialist Lebanon, Issue 5, April 1967 Publication of this open monograph was the result of Duke University’s participation in TOME (Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem), a collaboration of the Association of American Universities, the Association of University Presses, and the Association of Research Libraries. TOME aims to expand the reach of long-form humanities and social science scholarship including digital scholarship. Additionally, the program looks to ensure the sustainability of university press monograph publishing by supporting the highest quality scholarship and promoting a new ecology of scholarly publishing in which authors’ institutions bear the publication costs. Funding from Duke University Libraries made it possible to open this publication to the world. To Abdo and Gisèle Bardawil and Zouheir Aniss Rahhal Contents A Note on Transliteration and Translation ix Prologue x i Introduction 1 Part I. Time of History 1 O Youth, O Arabs, O Nationalists: Recalling the High Tides of Anticolonial Pan- Arabism 27 2 Dreams of a Dual Birth: Socialist Lebanon’s Theoretical Imaginary 5 3 3 June 1967 and Its Historiographical Afterlives 82 Part II. Times of the Sociocultural 4 Paradoxes of Emancipation: Revolution and Power in Light of Mao 113 5 Exit Marx/Enter Ibn Khaldun: War time Disenchantment and Critique 1 38 6 Traveling Theory and Po liti cal Practice: Orientalism in the Age of the Islamic Revolution 1 65 Epilogue 187 Acknowl edgments 195 Notes 2 01 Bibliography 241 Index 2 55 This page intentionally left blank A Note on Transliteration and Translation I use the common transliteration of Arabic names when used by authors in their non- Arabic works, most of which rely on a simplified French translitera- tion system. For example, I use Waddah Charara and Fawwaz Traboulsi instead of Waḍḍāḥ Sharāra and Fawwāz Ṭrābulsī. I adopt the same convention for cities—for example, Beirut instead of Bayrūt. I otherwise follow a simplified transliteration system based on the International Journal of Middle East Studies (IJMES). All diacritical marks, except for the ‘ayn (‘) and hamza (’), are omitted. All translations are mine unless noted other wise.