Revue suisse de Zoologie 116 (1): 3-29; mars 2009 Revision ofPareuplectops Jeannel and description of a new affiliated genus from Australia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) SergeyA. KURBATOV1 & Giulio CUCCODORO2 1Davydkovskaya4-2-104, Moscow 121352, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Case postale 6434, CH-1211 Genève 6, Switzerland. E-mail: [email protected] Revision ofPareuplectops Jeannel and description ofa new affiliated genus from Australia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) - The genus Pareuplectops is revised to include 11 species, 8 ofwhich are new: P. botellus sp. n., P.fartor sp. n., P. isiciarius sp. n., P. lopchang sp. n., P. lucanicus sp. n., P. salami sp. n., P. sommoo sp. n. and P. tubarius sp. n.. Two species are transferred from Epiplectus Raffray to Pareuplectops: P. tenasserimi (Blattny, 1925) comb. n. and P. novissimus (Blattny, 1925) comb, n., these are also synonimized (i.e. E. tenasserimi = E. novissimus syn. n.). The lectotypes of P. pubescens (Raffray, 1890) and P. coomani Jeannel, 1957, are designated. In addition Euparops gen. n. is erected to accommodatePareuplectopsstyxChandler, 2001, whichis thus recombined as Euparops styx comb, n., together with three new species fromAustralia: E. chandleri sp. n., E. dijeridu sp. n. and E.forix sp. n.. All these taxa are illustrated and keyed. Keywords: Coleoptera - Staphylinidae - Pselaphinae - Proterini - Pareuplectops - Euparops - taxonomy - Asia. INTRODUCTION Thispapercontinues ourstudy ofProterini sensustricto, which started with the revisionofthetype genus ofthetribe, ProterusRaffray, 1897 (Cuccodoro & Kurbatov, 2006). Here we revise the genus Pareuplectops Jeannel, 1957, and define a closely relatednewgenus.Thesetwogenerapossesstheputativeautapomorphies ofthegroup, which are: 1) genal areas each with a marked and smooth depression allowing repose of the maxillary palpi, 2) posterior edge of female abdominal sternite 6 notched (Fig. 6) as in male, and 3) female abdominal sternite 7 modified in a genital plate covering genital opening (Fig. 7) similar to that in male. Pareuplectops was erected by Jeannel (1957) to accommodate Mechanicus pubescens (Raffray, 1890) (Sumatra) and his new species P. coomani Jeannel, 1957 (Vietnam). Recently Chandler (2001) described a third Pareuplectops species from northeastern Australia, P. styx, and mentioned the occurrence in this region of two additional species he left undescribed. Manuscript accepted01.10.2008 . 4 S. A. KURBATOV & G. CUCCODORO In the course of our study of the types of Blattny housed in the National Museum, Prague, we found that the two species he described in Epiplectus Raffray, 1898 (i.e. E.tenasserimiBlattny, 1925, andE.novissimusBlattny, 1925) are synonyms and share little in common with the type species of the genus E. cavifrons (Raffray, 1894) (of which we have examined the type material); they belong indeed to Pareuplectops. We also discovered in material recently collected from the Oriental region eight additional species forthis genus, which are described below. The examination of P. styx Chandler and three other additional species from Australia led us to define forthem a distinct, new genus (i.e. Euparops), which differs from Pareuplectops notably by the lack of pronotal median sulcus, the elytra being margined posteriorly with a row of small depressions, and the presence of a single mediobasal fovea on abdominal tergite 1 MATERIALAND METHODS This study is based exclusively on adults (56 specimens). The label data ofthe type material are reproduced literally between " ", with additional information per- taining to labels, orlocality between [ ], and with I as the separatorbetween each indi- vidual label. For new types and additional material label data are given in standard format, with majoradministrative units in English, name ofcollectors between ( ), and additional information from unpublished fieldtrip reports between [ ]. Abbreviations ofcollections used in the present study are: ANIC Australian National Collection ofInsects MHNG Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Geneva, Switzerland MNHN Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France NHMP National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic PCDC Private collection ofD. S. Chandler, Durham, USA PCSK Private collection ofS. A. Kurbatov, Moscow, Russia Measurements are defined as follows: body length is measured from anterior outline ofhead (i.e. apical margin oflabrum) to apex ofabdomen; head width (HW) = distance between outer outline of head just behind eyes; maximal head width (HWmax) = distance between outer outline of eyes; head length (HL) = distance between tip of frons and middle of occipital margin; pronotal length (PL) = medial distance between anterior and posterior margins ofpronotum; pronotal width (PW) = maximaldistancebetween lateralpronotaloutlines; elytrallength(EL) =elytralsuturai length; elytral width (EW) = maximal width ofthe elytra taken together. Members of Pareuplectops and Euparops have the body pubescence fairly homogenous and the setal length is given as measured on the elytral disc. The abdo- minal tergites and sternites are numbered according to Chandler (2001) in arabic (visible position) and roman (morphological position). The abdominal segments are counted from tergite 1 (F/) and sternite 1 (ITI). The aedeagi and otherbody parts illus- trated in the present study were mounted in Canada balsam on acetate slides, and drawn using a drawing tube mounted on a compound microscope. REVISION OFPAREUPLECTOPS 5 TAXONOMY Key to species ofPareuplectops andEuparops 1 Pronotum without median sulcus. Posterior margin ofelytra with a row of5-6 well-marked smooth depressions (Fig. 30) {Euparops gen. n.) 2 Pronotum with median sulcus (Fig. 1). Posterior margin of elytra without arow ofdepressions {Pareuplectops Jeannel) 5 2 Eyes very big, with temples in lateral view about as long as one facet of eye. Pronotum with punctation dense and coarse. Male protibia simple E.forix sp. n. Eyes big, with temples in lateral view two or three times shorter than eyes. Pronotum impunctate, or finely punctate. Male protibia with a mesal apical tooth (Fig. 32) 3 3 Male with protrochanterbearing a spine or a denticle (similar to that in Fig. 32), and mesotibiabearing a distinct mesal apical tooth 4 Male with protrochanter simple, and mesotibia bearing a minute mesal apical tooth E. chandleri sp. n. mm 4 Body about 1.15 long. Elytra 1.15-1.25 times as long as pronotum E. dijeridu sp. n. mm Body 1.30-1.45 long. Elytra 1.40-1.50 times as long as pronotum (Fig. 30) E.styx (Chandler) 5 Metasternum and sternites coarsely punctate P. botellus sp. n. Metasternumimpunctate (Fig. 4) and sternites occasionally finely punc- tate 6 mm 6 Body about0.90 long. Elytrawith discal sulcus extending to nearly three quarters ofelytral length P. lucanicus sp. n. Body more than 1.10 mm long. Elytra with discal sulcus extending to not more than halfofelytral length (Fig. 1) 7 7 Head with lateral and posterior edges well-marked, much darker than frons and vertex, abruptly inclined 8 Headwithlateralandposterioredgesnotwell-marked,concolorouswith frons and vertex, gradually inclined 13 8 Pronotum impunctate. Elytra about 1.5 times as wide as pronotum P.pubescens (Raffray) Pronotumpunctate. Elytra at most 1.2 times as wide as pronotum 9 9 Male protrochanter simple 10 Male protrochanterbearing a minute denticle 11 mm 10 Aedeagus rather small (0.14 long) with bigger paramere not enlarged apically in lateral view (Fig. 27) P. tenasserimi (Blattny) mm Aedeagus ratherbig (0.21 long) withbiggerparamere enlarged api- cally in lateral view (Fig. 29) P. tubarius sp. n. 11 Body 1.35-1.55 mm long (Fig. 1). Pubescence particularly short (elytral mm setae about 0.01 long). Aedeagus with bigger paramere located morphologically on the left (thus on the right on Fig. 10) P. coomaniJeannel Body 1.25-1.30mmlong. Pubescenceshort(elytral setaea.b.out0.03 mm long). Aedeagus with bigger paramere located morphologically on the right (thus on the left on Figs 12, 24) 12 3 6 S. A. KURBATOV & G. CUCCODORO 12 Aedeagus with apex of both parameres reaching the same level (Figs 12-13) P.fartorsp. n. Aedeaguswithapexofbothparameresnotreachingthe samelevel (Figs 24-25) P. sommoo sp. n. 1 Headimpunctateandpronotumveryfinelypunctate.Maleprotrochanter simple P. lopchang sp. n. Head and pronotum densely punctate. Male protrochanter bearing a stout spine 14 mm 14 Body 1.30-1.35 long. Male protibia bearing a small mesal apical denticle P. isiciarius sp. n. mm Body 1.15-1.20 long. Male protibia simple P. salami sp. n. Pareuplectops Jeannel, 1957 Pareuplectops Jeannel, 1957: 7; type species: Phthartomicrus pubescens Raffray (by original designation). mm Description: Body (Fig. 1) 0.90-1.55 long, elongate and strongly convex, fairly subcylindrical; more or less shiny due to punctation generally shallow, or eva- nescent. Colourationfairlyuniform, frompalebrowntodarkbrown. Pubescence short, recumbent, that on medioapical portion of elytra not converging posteriorly. Head in dorsal view trapeziform or triangular, with anterior edge rounded. Upper part ofhead flat, except median area distinctly depressed, that vertexal depression extending posteriorly to big tentorial foveae. Lateral edges of frons with narrow and deep postantennal notches, the latterreaching anteriorangles ofvertexal depression to form an additional pair of foveae (these notches are cuticular invaginations of the lateral frontal edges). Posterior edge of head with small triangular occipital depression. Antennal tubercles indistinct. Eyes well-developed, prominent in both sexes. Temples obsolete.Article4ofmaxillarypalpi (Fig. 2) withgroupofsensillae ('trichomes' sensu Nomura, 1991) on outer side. Genal areas each with a marked and smooth depression allowing repose of the maxillary palpi. Antenna consisting of 11 articles, distinctly divided into big scapus and pedicel, small and close articles of funicule, and more (male) or less (female) conspicuous club composed of 3 articles; scape notched apically, revealing basal stalk of article 2. Pronotum (Fig. 1) with median antebasal fovea and pairoflateral antebasal foveae; median antebasal foveajoined to lateral an- tebasal foveae by occasionally interrupted transverse sulci; median antebasal fovea prolonged anteriorly by median sulcus that does not reach anterior prenotai margin; lateral antebasal foveae prolonged anteriorly by lateral sulci up to ventral area below anteriorprenotai margin; lateral prenotai outline near lateral fovea with distinct tooth; basal edge with row of four shallow depressions. Prosternum (Fig. 3) with pairs of lateral procoxal and anteroprosternal foveae; paranotal carinae present; median carina present, distinctly angular in lateral view. Elytra (Fig. 1) with 4 basal foveae grouped by pairs in two basal depressions; subhumeral fovea prolonged with marginal carina extending along entire elytral length; posterior margin without row of small depres- sions. Mesosternum (Fig. 4) with pair of lateral foveae; median carina absent. Mesocoxal cavities separated. Metasternum withpairs oflateral and lateral mesocoxal foveae; pair of longitudinal carinae present, extending from posterior edge of meso- REVISION OFPAREUPLECTOPS Fig. 1 Habitus ofPareuplectopscoomaniJeannel. coxal cavities to posterior metasternal margin. First three visible abdominal tergites fused to corresponding sternites; paratergal-tergal suture distinct only on tergite 1 (Fig. 5), less distinct and slightly shortened on tergites 2-3;junction between tergites 1-3 (IV-VI) and sternites 2-4 (IV-VI) carinate; tergite 1 about as long as tergites 2 or3, S.A. KURBATOV & G. CUCCODORO Figs 2-7 Pareuplectops lopchang n. sp. (2, 4, 6-7) P. salami n. sp. (3, 5). Dorsal view ofright maxillary palpus(2).Prosternum(3).Mesosternumandmetasternum(4).Femaleabdominalsternites6(6) and 7 (7). Abdominal tergite 1 withparatergites (5). Scalebars=0.1 mm. REVISION OFPAREUPLECTOPS 9 with pair of long longitudinal basal carinae separated by distinct basal median depression supporting laterally apairofmediobasal foveae; tergites 2-3 each with pair ofbasal longitudinal carinae; sternite 2 with pair ofbasolateral foveae; posterior edge of abdominal sternite 6 notched; sternite 7 modified as genital plate covering genital opening (its structure slightly different between male and female). Male secondary sexualcharacters affectingthe sizeoftheantennal article9 (i.e. its sizefairly intermediate betweenthatofarticles 8 and 10 in female, and about as big as article 10 and much bigger than article 8 in male), and occasionally also protro- chanters (toothed) and protibiae (toothed). Aedeagus with rather membranous median lobe and two asymmetrical parameres; asymmetry of the parameres occasionally inverted with respect to the axis of symmetry of the median lobe (i.e. occurrence of 'left' and 'right' forms). Distribution and natural history: Pareuplectops are quite poorly repre- sented in collections. The examined specimens (42) were mainly collected in rain forestsfromsamples ofsiftedleaflitter, oratlight, atelevationsrangingfrom sealevel upto 1500m. The 11 speciesofPareuplectopsarefromthe Oriental region, wherethey occurinNorth-EastIndia (1 species), Myanmar(1 species), Thailand (4 species), Laos (1 species), Hong Kong (3 species),Vietnam(3 species) andSumatra(2 species). They have apparently very limited geographic distributions, with the notable exceptions of P. coomani (fromThailand andVietnam) andP. tenasserimi (from Myanmar, Sumatra, Thailand, andVietnam). Comments: Pareuplectops possesses the structure of the genal areas and the shape of the female abdominal sternites 6 and 7 (Figs 6-7) of Proterini sensu stricto (Cuccodoro & Kurbatov, 2006). It differs from Proterus and Exoterus Cuccodoro & Kurbatov, 2006, mainly by the metasternum possessing a pair longitudinal carinae (Fig. 4), the presence on the pronotum of a sulcus joining the three antebasal foveae (Fig. I), and the presence ofparanotal carinae. Pareuplectops botellus sp. n. Figs 8-9 Holotype (male, in MHNG): INDIA, Meghalaya, Khasi Hills, [between] Mawsynram- Balat, [16 km from Mawsynram] 1000 m, 27.x.1978 (C. Besuchet & I. Lobi) #30b [sifting in forestinravine]. Paratypes (3, inMHNG): samedataas holotype, 2 males & 1 female. Description: Body 1.35-1.45 mm long, dark brown or yellowish brown, with mm pubescence about 0.03 long. Head with lateral and posterior edges not well- marked, not darkened, gradually inclined; posterior edge conspicuously raised, blunt, not distinctly sinuate near lateral angles, the latter not well-marked, rounded; lateral edges straight on their posterior portion; entire upper part of head (except smooth vertexaldepression)denselycoveredwithlargepunctation (intervalbetweenpunctures much smaller than their diameter). Interval between tentorial foveae about 2 times larger than that between each fovea and corresponding lateral edge ofhead. Pronotal discentirelycoveredwithpunctation similartothatonfrons,butbigger, inmiddlewith about 8-9 punctures between median sulcus and each lateral sulcus. Elytra, meta- sternum and abdomen (tergites and sternites) with punctation as that on pronotum. . 10 S. A. KURBATOV & G. CUCCODORO Elytra with discal sulcus extending to distinctly less than half of elytral length. Abdominal tergite 1 with basal carinae straight, diverging posteriorly; maximal inter- val between carinae nearly one third ofthe width ofsegment 1 Measurements: HL = 0.19-0.21 mm; HW = 0.23 mm; HWmax = 0.31- 0.32 mm; PL = 0.28-0.30 mm; PW = 0.40-0.41 mm; EL = 0.42-0.44 mm; EW = 0.51-0.52 mm. mm Male. Protrochanter with tooth. Protibia simple. Aedeagus (Figs 8-9) 0.21 long. Distribution: India: Meghalaya. Comments: Pareuplectops botellus is the only species of the genus with the pronotum, elytra, metasternum and abdomen conspicuously punctate. Pareuplectops coomani Jeannel, 1957 Figs 1, 10-11 Pareuplectops coomaniJeannel, 1957: 7-8. Lectotype (by present designation, male, in MNHN): "Museum Paris, Tonkin/Reg. de HoaBinh/A. deCooman, 1929 type [red label] Pareuplectops coomanin." Paralectotypes (3 males, Iin MNHN): "MusI eum Paris /Tonkin/Reg. de Hoa Binh/A. deCooman, 1929". AdditionWal material examined (5, in MHNG & PCSK): THAILAND, Chiang Mai Prov.,ca. 10km Fang,DoiAngkhang, 1460m,21.v.1986(P. Schwendinger) 1 female;Chiang Mai Prov., 33 km NE Chiang Mai [road Chiang Mai - Chiang Rai] 500 m, 3.xi.l985 (D. Burckhardt&I.Lobi) [siftingatbaseofbigisolatedtree] 1 male;NakhonRatchasimaProv.,NE Bangkok, KhaoYai Nat. Park, near 'Headquarters', 750-850m, 26.xi-3.xii.1985 (D. Burckhardt &I.Lobi)#28b [siftingofplantdebris] 1 male; samedata,but 800-900m, l.xii.1985,#30a [sif- ting ofplant debris at forest's edge, near swamp and little creek, 800m] 1 female; VIETNAM, Lao Cai Prov., near Sa Pa village, Hoang Lien Son Nat. Res., 1250 m, 27.vi-2.vii.1998 (A. Napolov) UV-light, 1 male. mm Description: Body (Fig. 1) 1.35-1.55 long, reddish brown, with pu- mm bescence at most 0.01 long. Head with lateral and posterior edges well-marked, blackish, abruptly inclined; posterioredge very slightly sinuate nearlateral angles, the latter well-marked, angulate; lateral edges straight; upper part ofhead (except smooth vertexal depression) sparsely covered with very fine punctation (interval between punctures generally much largerthantheirdiameter). Intervalbetweententorial foveae nearly 2 times larger than that between each fovea and corresponding lateral edge of head. Pronotal disc (except area posterior to antebasal sulcus impunctate) densely covered with moderate punctation (interval between punctures smaller than their diameter); middle ofpronotum with about 8-9 punctures between median sulcus and each lateral sulcus; punctation sparser and finer near anterior and lateral edges. Elytra withpunctation similartothatonhead; discal sulcusextendingtohalfofelytrallength. Metarsternum impunctate.Abdomen with punctation on tergites intermediate between those on pronotum and elytra; tergite 1 with basal carinae straight, slightly diverging near posterior margin; maximal interval between carinae less than one third of the width ofsegment 1; sternites impunctate. Measurements: HL = 0.20-0.21 mm; HW = 0.20-0.23 mm; HWmax = 0.32- 0.33 mm; PL= 0.28-0.29 mm; PW = 0.34-0.39 mm; EL = 0.40-0.45 mm; EW = 0.37- 0.42 mm. REVISION OFPAREUPLECTOPS 11 Figs 8-11 Pareuplectops botellus n. sp. (8-9) and P. coomani Jeannel (10-11); aedeagus in dorsal (8, 10) andlateral (9, 11) views. Scalebar= 0.1 mm. Male. Protrochanter with small denticle. Protibia with small mesoapical tooth. mm Aedeagus (Figs 10-11) 0.20-0.23 long. Distribution: Thailand andVietnam. 12 S. A. KURBATOV & G. CUCCODORO Comments: An additional paralectotype labeled "MuseumParis/Tonkin/Reg. de Hoa Binh/A. de Cooman, 1929" is not conspecific and belongs in the Euplectini. Pareuplectops coomani uniquely shares with P. tenasserimi very short elytral pubescence, from which it differs notably by its much larger interval between the tentorial foveae. See also comments underP.fartor. Pareuplectopsfartorsp. n. Figs 12-13 Holotype(male, inPCSK):VIETNAM,NorthDongNaiProv.,NamCatTienNat. Res., 30.xi.2004 (D. Fedorenko) atlight. Paratypes (9, in MHNG & PCSK): same data as holotype, 2 female; same data, but 17.xi.2004, 1 female; same data, but l.xii.2004, 1 male & 1 female; same data, but 24.xi.2004, 1 male & 1 female; same data, but21.V.2005, 1 female; samedata, but30.V.2005, 1 female; sa- me data, but 27.xi-4.xii.2004, intercepttrap, 1 female. mm Description: Body 1.25-1.30 long, brown, with pubescence about 0.03 mm long. Head with lateral and posterior edges well-marked, blackish, abruptly inclined, exceptanteriorportionoflateraledgesgraduallyinclined; posterioredgenear lateral angles slightly sinuate (female),ornot(male); lateralanglesratherwell-marked, blunt; lateral edges straight on their posterior portion; presence ofsome minute punc- tures scattered on occiput, posterior part of frons and lateral sides of head. Interval betweententorialfoveae slightly lessthan 2times smallerthanthatbetweeneachfovea and corresponding lateral edge of head. Pronotal disc (except area posterior to ante- basal sulcus impunctate) densely covered with fine punctation (interval betweenpunc- tures mainly slightly smaller than their diameter), the latter slightly finer near anterior edge and on area posteriorly transversal sulcus; in middle of pronotum with about 9 punctures between median sulcus and each lateral sulcus; punctation sparser and finer nearanteriorand lateral edges. Elytra with punctation ratherdense consisting ofpunc- tures slightly finer than those on pronotal disc; discal sulcus extending to slightly less than halfofelytral length. Metasternum impunctate. Abdomen with tergal punctation similarto that on elytra, consisting ofpunctures slightly biggeron tergites 3-4 than on tergites 1-2; tergite 1 withbasalcarinaefairly straight, diverging nearposteriormargin; maximal interval between carinae about one third ofthe width ofsegment 1; sternites occasionally punctate. Measurements: HL = 0.19-0.21 mm; HW = 0.18-0.19 mm; HWmax = 0.30-0.32 mm; PL = 0.27-0.30 mm; PW = 0.33-0.36 mm; EL = 0.43-0.44 mm; EW = 0.39-0.43 mm. Male. Protrochanter with small denticle. Protibia with mesoapical tooth. mm Aedeagus (Figs 12-13) 0.15-0.16 long. Distribution: Vietnam. Comments: Six species (P. coomani, P. fartor, P. pubescens, P. sommoo, P. tenasserimi and P. tubarius) have the posterior edges of head well-marked and blackish. Three of them (P. coomani, P.fartor and P. sommoo) also possess a small mesal denticle on the male protibia. Pareuplectopsfartor and P. sommoo differ from P. coomani by their longer elytral pubescence, and are distinguished by aedeagal characters.